scholarly journals Planning the Flows of Residual Biomass Produced by Wineries for the Preservation of the Rural Landscape

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 847 ◽  
Author(s):  
Canio Manniello ◽  
Dina Statuto ◽  
Andrea Di Pasquale ◽  
Gerardo Giuratrabocchetti ◽  
Pietro Picuno
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Rural Landscape ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Wine Production ◽  
Production Chain ◽  
Basilicata Region ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
By Products

Circular economy aims to create a system that allows an optimal reuse of products and materials. According to an appropriate planning hierarchy, agricultural and agro-food co-products, by-products and wastes should be primarily employed to re-balance soil fertility, and afterwards valorized as new secondary raw materials used in the same agricultural sector or in different industrial chains (e.g., cosmetics, nutraceuticals, etc.). Finally, only at the end of this process, they could be conveyed to energy production through co-generation. In this paper, different residues generated by the wine production chain have been considered with reference to the Basilicata region (Southern Italy). These biomasses have been quantitatively assessed and qualitatively classified, in order to find the most rational and convenient solution for their valorization from a technical, economic and environmental point of view. From the spatial analysis—elaborated by implementing a Geographic Information System—some thematic maps have been obtained, which allow us to highlight the areas with the highest concentration of residues. In this way, focusing the analysis on these areas, some possible strategies for their management and valorization have been proposed, so as to restore soil fertility and contribute to the sustainable preservation of the rural landscape.

scholarly journals Agricultural Biogas—An Important Element in the Circular and Low-Carbon Development in Poland

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1733 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arkadiusz Piwowar
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Resources ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Present Generation ◽  
The Social ◽  
Energy Economy ◽  
Materials Used

The agricultural sector can play an important role in the transformation of the energy economy in Poland. Special attention in this paper has been paid to the development of the agricultural biogas market in Poland. The considerations mainly concern organizational and economic aspects. Agricultural biogas plant represents the circular cycle of matter and energy. It enables the establishment of low-carbon, resource-efficient links between the agriculture and energy sectors. This is an important element of the circular economy, where waste from agricultural production and the agri-food industry, coming from renewable resources, is transformed into goods with a higher added value. The social and economic needs of the present generation and future generations are considered. The paper presented the characteristics of the Polish market, i.e., the number of entities, the number and location of plants, as well as the production volumes. Analyses were performed in the area of raw materials used to produce agricultural biogas. The analyses were carried out between 2011 and 2018. According to analyses, the potential of the agricultural biogas market in Poland is currently being used to a small extent. It is necessary not only to provide institutional support but also to increase the awareness of farmers and managers in agri-food companies of the possibility of using production waste for energy purposes.

scholarly journals Bio-Based Composites from Industrial By-products and Wastes as Raw Materials

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Roxana Dinu ◽  
Alice Mija
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Biomass Valorization ◽  
Chicken Feathers ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Maximum Quantity ◽  
Sustainable Materials ◽  
Rigid Matrix ◽  
By Products

Innovative bio-based composites combining humins as biorefinery by-product with keratin or lignin as wastes or industrial side-products were developed. The bio-composites were prepared using three types of matrix formulations allowing the synthesis of elastic to rigid thermosets. These matrices were combined with chicken feathers powder, non-woven chicken feathers mat or lignin to produce bio-composites. A maximum quantity of bio-fillers was used, around 10 wt.%. The effect of the bio-fillers on the matrix’s crosslinking was studied by rheology and DSC. Then, the obtained materials were analyzed by TGA, DMA, tensile tests, water absorption and SEM. The results show a very good compatibility of the humins matrix with the bio-fillers, without any preliminary modification of the matrix, that is exceptional for the point of view of a composite. The overall performances of the neat matrix were maintained or improved through the composites. Therefore, bio-composites with potentially interesting thermal and mechanical properties have been synthesized. In the case of the elastic ductile matrix the Young’s modulus value was improved from 1 to 22 MPa, while for the rigid matrix the increase was from 106 to 443 or 667 MPa, in the case of composites with non-woven chicken feathers mat or lignin. To our knowledge this is the first study combining humins matrix with keratin. The obtained bio-composites are sustainable materials linked via the used raw materials to the circular economy and biomass valorization.

scholarly journals Multielemental Analysis of Various Kinds of Whisky

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 1193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Pawlaczyk ◽  
Magdalena Gajek ◽  
Krzysztof Jozwik ◽  
Malgorzata Szynkowska
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
The United States ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Organoleptic Characteristics ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Icp Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Modern Analytical

Whisky (whiskey) consists of many trace elements coming from the raw materials used in its fermentation, distillation and maturation processes. These ingredients assure the exceptional organoleptic characteristics of the beverage. Their analysis is important to better control the stages of fermentation, distillation, taste repeatability and for product quality assurance as well as from the brand protection point of view. This article presents the usefulness of modern analytical techniques based on elemental analysis. ICP mass spectrometry and CV atomic absorption spectroscopy were applied to distinguish whisky produced in Scotland from whisky coming from Ireland and the United States. The collected semi-quantitative data were used for multivariate analysis performed using the Statistica 10.0 software. The results showed that Irish whiskey is characterized by quite a high amount of Ba and Ti compared with other samples, which made it possible to distinguish this sample from the others. No strict correlation was found between the type of whisky and the amount of trace elements, however, the projection of objects on the first two components revealed that single malt samples created one cluster.

Determination of the true metabolizable energy (TMEN) by roosters of feedstuffs made from seal by-products

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. Anderson ◽  
L. White ◽  
J. MacLean
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Calcium Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
By Products

TMEN values for various seal by-product feedstuffs were determined using roosters. Four samples of seal meal [seal meal 1991, seal meal 1992, seal meal 1994 (juveniles), seal meal 1994 (mixed ages)] and three samples of seal meat (oven-dried at 50 °C, oven-dried at 120 °C, and freeze-dried) were given to 16 roosters (30 g: precision fed) housed in individual wire cages. Total collection of excreta from a 48-h period was used to provide samples for analysis of gross energy, nitrogen, and dry matter content. TMEN results indicate variability in quality of the meals, associated with the different raw materials used to produce the seal meals as well as year of production. The TMEN values for the seal meals ranged from 3896 kcal kg−1 to 4621 kcal kg−1 with an average value of 4283 kcal kg−1. The crude protein content of the seal meals ranged from 64.2 to 67.6%, the crude fat content from 12.7 to 14.7%, the calcium content from 5.38 to 8.98% and the total phosphorus content from 3.16 to 4.79%. Oven-drying the seal meat at 120 °C significantly reduced TMEN (2643 kcal kg–1). The TMEN values for the freeze-dried and the low temperature oven-dried (50 °C) seal meat were not significantly different (4008 kcal kg–1 and 4013 kcal kg–1, respectively). Key words: True metabolizable energy, seal by-products, roosters, seal meal, seal meat, TMEN

scholarly journals Obtaining a Functional Product Through the Exploitation of Mushroom Flour in Pasta

2017 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Crina Carmen MURESAN ◽  
Anca FARCAS ◽  
Simona MAN ◽  
Ramona SUHAROSCHI ◽  
Romina Alina VLAIC
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Total Polyphenols ◽  
Organoleptic Characteristics ◽  
Functional Product ◽  
Materials Used

The present study focuses on the influence of adding mushroom powder on a certain assortment of pasta. The research comprises two major directions: the study of the raw materials used to produce pasta from a compositional point of view and the quantification of some biologically active compounds of interest; emphasizing the potential of using Boletus edulis mushroom powder in the composition of pasta and evaluating the quality of the product from a nutritional and sensorial point of view. For this purpose, two types of pasta have been created, with different percentages of mushroom, 10% and 20%, but also a blank sample obtained in the same conditions, but without mushroom powder. To achieve the goal the following analyzes were conducted: proteins, total polyphenols, antioxidant activity, fat, humidity, ashes, acidity, increase in volume of the boiled pasta and customers’ preferences.By using sensory analysis has been established that the consumers preferred pasta enriched with 10% mushroom powder. In conclusion, the addition of mushrooms flour assures an enhancement of the nutritional value, as well as of the organoleptic characteristics of the final product.

scholarly journals Porous Materials Derived from Industrial By-Products for Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Capture

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (22) ◽  
pp. 8086
Author(s):  
Antonella Cornelio ◽  
Alessandra Zanoletti ◽  
Stefania Federici ◽  
Laura Eleonora Depero ◽  
Elza Bontempi
Keyword(s):  
Porous Materials ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Waste Incineration ◽  
Original Material ◽  
Limited Applicability ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
By Products

The aim of this paper was the evaluation of hybrid porous materials, named SUNSPACE (“SUstaiNable materials Synthesized from by-Products and Alginates for Clean air and better Environment”), realized with raw materials such as silica fume (SUNSPACE SF) and bottom ash derived from municipal solid waste incineration (SUNSPACE BA), compared to cement and leaf for particulate matter (PM) entrapment. SUNSPACE BA was synthesized to overcome the limited applicability of the original material due to its dark grey color. The modification of raw materials used for its realization allows one to obtain a light color in comparison to the corresponding SUNSPACE SF, more suitable to be used as a coating on the buildings’ facades for aesthetic reasons. Moreover, another great advantage was obtained by the synthesis of SUNSPACE BA in the frame of circular economy principles; indeed, it was obtained by using a waste material (derived from waste incineration), opening new possibilities for its reuse. Experimental tests to evaluate the particles entrapment capability of the material were realized for the first time by using a nanoparticles generator. TiO2 suspension with a size of 300 nm and a concentration of 3 g/L was used to simulate a monodisperse nanoparticles flux. To compare the quantity of TiO2 adsorbed by each specimen, both the exposed and the pristine samples were digested and then analyzed by total X-ray fluorescence (TXRF). The results showed a high adsorption capacity of SUNSPACE BA (3526 ± 30 mg/kg).

scholarly journals The Identification of Hotspots in the Bioenergy Production Chain

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 5757
Author(s):  
Magdalena Muradin ◽  
Joanna Kulczycka
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Hotspot Analysis ◽  
Production Chain ◽  
Energy Return On Investment ◽  
Bioenergy Production ◽  
Biogas Plants ◽  
Materials Used

Increasing interest in bioenergy production in the context of the transition towards a circular economy and the promotion of renewable energy has produced demands for optimization of the value chain of energy production to improve the environmental viability of the system. Hotspot analysis based on life cycle assessment (LCA) contributes to the mitigation of environmental burdens and is a very important step towards the implementation of a bioeconomy strategy. In this study, hotspots identified using two parallel pathways: a literature review and empirical research on four different biogas plants located in Poland. LCA and energy return on investment (EROI) analysis of the whole bioenergy production chain were considered to identify unit processes or activities that are highly damaging to the environment. The biogas plants differ mainly in the type of raw materials used as an input and in the method of delivery. The results show that the most impactful processes are those in the delivery of biomass, especially road transport by tractor. The second contributor was crop cultivation, where fossil fuels are also used. Although the EROI analysis indicates a negligible impact of transport on the energy efficiency of bioenergy plants, the environmental burden of biomass transportation should be taken into consideration when planning further measures to support the development of the bioeconomy.

Cellulolytic bacteria joined with deproteinized whey decrease carbon to nitrogen ratio and improve stability of compost from wine production chain by-products

2022 ◽  
Vol 304 ◽  
pp. 114194
Author(s):  
Antonio Alfonzo ◽  
Vito Armando Laudicina ◽  
Sofia Maria Muscarella ◽  
Luigi Badalucco ◽  
Giancarlo Moschetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cellulolytic Bacteria ◽  
Wine Production ◽  
Production Chain ◽  
Carbon To Nitrogen Ratio ◽  
Nitrogen Ratio ◽  
By Products ◽  
Improve Stability

scholarly journals Influence of organizational and economic factors on business results of feed mills in Serbia

2009 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-178
Author(s):  
Veselin Stankovic
Keyword(s):  
Programming Model ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Production Chain ◽  
Business Results ◽  
Import And Export ◽  
Major Attention ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Production Capacities ◽  
Feed Manufacture

The Serbian animal feed industry confronted with insufficiently used capacities and considerable price oscillations of raw materials and final products has gone through a substantially long period of dynamic development. The objective was to analyze production capacities, spatial distribution, changes in feed manufacture output and raw materials used, import and export, changes in the number of employees, etc. Major attention was focused on indices of the financial and economic structure in order to define the position of feed mills in relation to the sector and the economy as a whole. In addition, the aim was to analyze the possibility of improving feed mill management. Mathematical and statistical models were developed with special reference to the needs of some types and categories of animals, raw materials at disposal, capacities and requirements with regard to feeding stuffs. The linear programming model was used in order to contribute to the successful management of all the phases in the production chain. .

scholarly journals Logistics Strategies for Resource Supply Chains

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 244-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Trojahn
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chains ◽  
Production Process ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Energy Industry ◽  
Production Chain ◽  
Definition Of

Abstract Resources play a decisive role in the functioning of our economy. Raw materials are used in the energy industry, the food industry and are the source for every good used and produced by humans. Efficient and reliable logistics chains are essential for the availability of these resources and goods. Raw materials represent the beginning in each production chain, therefore the logistical optimization should find attention in the planning of these supply and demand chains. So far, however, logistics methods and strategies for raw materials have not been investigated. Instead, optimization of logistics chains is mostly implemented in the later production process. This paper explains the reasons for the lack of application of logistics strategies in raw materials logistics, shows a portfolio of logistics strategies and assigns possible logistics strategies to selected raw materials. In addition to the definition of raw materials and resources from the point of view of production and logistics, this work provides a basis for logistics strategies for raw materials.

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