scholarly journals Soil Stabilization Using Waste Paper Fly Ash: Precautions for Its Correct Use

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (23) ◽  
pp. 8750
Author(s):  
Hani Baloochi ◽  
Diego Aponte ◽  
Marilda Barra
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Delay Time ◽  
Soil Stabilization ◽  
Waste Paper ◽  
Mineralogical Characterization ◽  
Free Lime ◽  
Suitable Material ◽  
Stabilized Soil ◽  
Set Up

This paper deals with the valorization of waste paper fly ash (WPFA) as a binder for soil stabilization. The mineralogical characterization shows the presence of free lime, as well as some non-reactive and cementitious phases. The hydration of lime is an expansive reaction and can be problematic in soil stabilization. Therefore, to study its effect on stabilized soil, an in-house experimental set-up is proposed to measure the possible expansion. Furthermore, to study the effect of water reduction and delay time on strength, unconfined compressive strength with different mixes is conducted. The obtained results showed that using WPFA causes expansion in stabilized soil, but a delay time of 30 min, after mixing the material with water and then compacting it, can decrease the expansion. Additionally, decreasing the water content by a point of Proctor can be essential for improving the strength in soil samples, even reaching the same strength values as control samples cured at 7 days. Finally, all the results obtained in this study have shown that WPFA is a suitable material for use as a binder for soil stabilization while reducing its optimum water content, adding a proper delay time, and taking into consideration WPFA’s expansive behavior at the moment of its use.

scholarly journals Usage of Wood Fly Ash in Stabilization of Unbound Pavement Layers and Soils

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pēteris Šķēls ◽  
Kaspars Bondars ◽  
Raitis Plonis ◽  
Viktors Haritonovs ◽  
Andris Paeglītis
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Stabilization ◽  
California Bearing Ratio ◽  
Natural Soil ◽  
Natural Sand ◽  
Proctor Test ◽  
Soil Modification ◽  
Pavement Layers ◽  
Standard Proctor Test

Modification and stabilization of road structure unbound layers has extensively been studied both at laboratory and field for decades. The most commonly used binders for soil modification and stabilization are cement and quicklime (CaO), but alternative pozzolans and their mixtures are of economical, technical and environmental interest. This study presents soil stabilization with wood fly ash (WFA) at laboratory. Natural sand (Sa), Sa mixtures with 10% and 20% WFA were compacted at optimal water content according to Standard Proctor test LVS EN 13286-2:2012, and California bearing ratio (CBR) tested according to LVS EN 13286-47:2012 for cured samples after 96 hours immersed in water with 2 kg surcharge and after 7 days sealed simultaneously. At the same time also Immediate bearing index was determined for natural soil and their mixture with 10% WFA. Results showed 3.79 times enhancement in CBR values Sa after 7 days curing, justifying that WFA is valuable material for hydraulically bound mixtures.

scholarly journals Gene-Expression Programming-Based Model for Estimating the Compressive Strength of Cement-Fly Ash Stabilized Soil and Parametric Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 181
Author(s):  
Van-Ngoc Pham ◽  
Erwin Oh ◽  
Dominic E. L. Ong
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Calcium Oxide ◽  
Parametric Study ◽  
Soil Stabilization ◽  
Gene Expression Programming ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Stabilized Soil ◽  
Research Findings

The study aims to develop a reliable model using gene-expression programming (GEP) technique for estimating the unconfined compressive strength (UCS) of soil stabilization by cement and fly ash. The model considered the effects of several parameters, including the fly ash characteristics such as calcium oxide (CaO) content, CaO/SiO2 ratio, and loss of ignition. The research results show that the proposed model demonstrates superior performance with a high correlation coefficient (R > 0.955) and low errors. Therefore, the model could be confidently applied in practice for a variety of fly ash qualities. Besides, the parametric study was conducted to examine the effect of fly ash characteristics on the strength of soil stabilization. The study indicates that if the fly ash contains a high amount of calcium oxide, the strength of fly ash stabilized soil is significant. In addition, fly ash could be used in combination with cement to increase the strength of the mixture. A fly ash replacement ratio is suggested from 0.19 to 0.35, corresponding to the total binder used from 10% to 30%. The research findings could help engineers in optimizing the fly ash proportion and estimating the UCS of soil stabilization by cement and fly ash.

scholarly journals Synthesis of a one-part geopolymer system for soil stabilizer using fly ash and volcanic ash

2018 ◽  
Vol 156 ◽  
pp. 05017 ◽  
Author(s):  
April Anne S. Tigue ◽  
Jonathan R. Dungca ◽  
Hirofumi Hinode ◽  
Winarto Kurniawan ◽  
Michael Angelo B. Promentilla
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Volcanic Ash ◽  
Soil Stabilization ◽  
Acid Resistance ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Sodium Aluminate ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Soil Stabilizer ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Stabilized Soil

A novel approach one-part geopolymer was employed to investigate the feasibility of enhancing the strength of in-situ soil for possible structural fill application in the construction industry. Geopolymer precursors such as fly ash and volcanic ash were utilized in this study for soil stabilization. The traditional geopolymer synthesis uses soluble alkali activators unlike in the case of ordinary Portland cement where only water is added to start the hydration process. This kind of synthesis is an impediment to geopolymer soil stabilizer commercial viability. Hence, solid alkali activators such as sodium silicate (SS), sodium hydroxide (SH), and sodium aluminate (SA) were explored. The influence of amount of fly ash (15% and 25%), addition of volcanic ash (0% and 12.5%), and ratio of alkali activator SS:SH:SA (50:50:0, 33:33:33, 50:20:30) were investigated. Samples cured for 28 days were tested for unconfined compressive strength (UCS). To evaluate the durability, sample yielding highest UCS was subjected to sulfuric acid resistance test for 28 days. Analytical techniques such as X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscope/energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDX) were performed to examine the elemental composition, mineralogical properties, and microstructure of the precursors and the geopolymer stabilized soil.

scholarly journals Use of class C fly ash for stabilization of fine-grained soils

2020 ◽  
Vol 195 ◽  
pp. 06001
Author(s):  
Canan Turan ◽  
Akbar Javadi ◽  
Raffaele Vinai ◽  
Nader Shariatmadari ◽  
Raziyeh Farmani
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Soil Stabilization ◽  
Clayey Soil ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Alternative Material ◽  
Stabilized Soil ◽  
Class C ◽  
Burning Coal

Fine-grained soils may have undesired characteristics such as high swelling potential and low strength, thus requiring improvements. One of the stabilization methods involves the use of fly ash. Fly ash is a waste material obtained from burning coal in thermal power plants. The use of fly ash is encouraged as an alternative material for soil stabilization, due to its features such as pozzolanic properties and economic availability. This paper describes the results of an experimental study on stabilization of a clayey soil with fly ash. Unconfined compressive strength (UCS), triaxial and consolidation tests were carried out on samples of kaolinite mixed with class C fly ash at different percentages and cured for 1, 7, and 28 days, in order to study the effects of class C fly ash on the mechanical behaviour of the stabilized soil. The results showed that the inclusion of fly ash significantly improves the strength characteristics of the soil. Curing time was also found to have a significant effect on improving the properties of the soil.

Application of Granulated Cable Plastic Waste for Soil Stabilization

2018 ◽  
Vol 760 ◽  
pp. 171-175
Author(s):  
Martin Lidmila ◽  
Marcel Jogl ◽  
Wojciech Kubissa ◽  
Roman Jaskulski ◽  
Pavel Reiterman
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Soil Stabilization ◽  
Soil Mechanics ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Practical Utilization ◽  
Standard Procedures ◽  
Stabilized Soil ◽  
Properties Of Soil

Paper deals with the assessment of practical utilization of granulated cable plastic waste (GCPW) for the production of stabilized soil layers in transport engineering. The main goal of the experimental work was the evaluation of the influence of GCPW on mechanical properties of soil stabilization based on the fluidized fly ash. Mechanical properties were investigated using standard procedures in soil mechanics. GCPW was dosed as a partial replacement of fluidized fly ash up to 30 %. It was concluded, that the studied level of replacement performs critical level, additional increasing of GCPW would lead to a decline of required mechanical properties. Besides, replacement by studied waste material caused lower values of the bulk density.

Durability of Lime-Fly Ash Stabilized Soil Activated by Calcined Phosphogypsum

2010 ◽  
Vol 168-170 ◽  
pp. 133-138
Author(s):  
Min Yang ◽  
Yan Xie ◽  
Ying Pang
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Soil Stabilization ◽  
Strength Loss ◽  
Pozzolanic Reaction ◽  
Initial Strength ◽  
Road Base ◽  
Base Materials ◽  
Stabilized Soil ◽  
Xrd Patterns ◽  
Thermally Treated

Stabilized soil is widely used as road base and sub-base materials, and is sometimes used as covering for waste matter in China. In soil stabilization, the property of a locally available soil are usually modified though chemical stabilization[1]. Cement stabilization and lime stabilization are the two most commonly used methods. Lime-fly ash stabilized soil has been widely applied in road engineering due to its good integrity, great bearing capacity, high stiffness, and water-proofing quality[2-4]. One disadvantage of lime-fly ash stabilized soil is that without any additives, its inherent low initial strength makes it inappropriate for use under low-temperature conditions. Researchers have found that the pozzolanic reactivity among lime, fly ash, and soil contributes to the strength of lime-fly ash stabilized soil. To increase the initial strength of lime-fly ash stabilized soil, many approaches have been used to accelerate the pozzolanic reaction. Sulfate activation is one of the methods that has been widely investigated, specifically, Na2SO4 and CaSO4[5]. PG, another sulfate, has also been investigated. However, existing studies have limited to the investigation of the development of strength of the stabilized soil as road base and sub-base materials. The effect of PG on the durability of stabilized soil has rarely been implicated. This work aims to study the effect of thermally treated PG (400°C) on the properties of durability, in addition to other aspects, of lime-fly ash stabilized soil. Lime-fly ash stabilized soil with different proportions of calcined PG were prepared and cured at normal conditions for 7 d and 28 d. Mass loss and strength loss under different treatments were determined. X-ray diffraction(XRD) patterns and scanning electron microscopy(SEM) photos were examined to gauge whether improvements in the performances of the stabilized soil can be obtained by use of thermally treated PG.

Sustainable soil stabilization using combination of geotextile, fly-ash and saw dust for pavement subgrade

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (109) ◽  
pp. 17-28
Author(s):  
B. Sahak ◽  
M. Singh ◽  
A. Adhikari ◽  
S. Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Soil Stabilization ◽  
Combined Effect ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Ternary Blend ◽  
Saw Dust ◽  
Optimum Dosage ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Geotechnical Testing

Purpose: This paper investigates the combined effect of fly ash, sawdust and geotextile in stabilizing the soil. Design/methodology/approach: A thorough geotechnical testing was carried out in order to study the potent characteristics of soil and soil mixes. The present investigation was set up in two stages. In the first stage, effects of fly ash (5, 10, 15 and 20%), sawdust (2.5, 5 and 7.5%) and layers of geotextile placed at different depths were studied separately to determine their effect on soil stabilization. In the second stage, fly ash, sawdust and geotextile were mixed with soil sample in order to obtain the optimum dosage which can be used for stabilization of soil i.e. their combined effect as stabilizer on soil stabilization. Findings: It was observed that by introducing fly ash, sawdust and geotextile to the soil, the CBR values increase and thickness of pavement layer decreases. It also decreases the amount of stress on subgrade leading to enhancement of pavement stability with cost effectiveness. Research limitations/implications: Economical use of industrial waste has been proposed in the present research which otherwise prove to be a malady to climatic change and human health. From the study, an optimum dosage of fly ash (2.5%) and saw dust (5%) and depth for geotextile (6 cm) has been proposed. Originality/value: The article explores the possibility of a ternary blend, i.e., geotextile, flyash and saw dust on effectively stabilizing pavement subgrade. Limited literature was available to address the issue of utilizing the industrial wastes that otherwise pose disposal issues.

scholarly journals Potential of Soil Stabilization Using Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBFS) and Fly Ash via Geopolymerization Method: A Review

Materials ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 375
Author(s):  
Syafiadi Rizki Abdila ◽  
Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah ◽  
Romisuhani Ahmad ◽  
Dumitru Doru Burduhos Nergis ◽  
Shayfull Zamree Abd Rahim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Blast Furnace Slag ◽  
Soil Stabilization ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Granulated Blast Furnace Slag ◽  
Stabilized Soil ◽  
Ucs Test ◽  
Alkali Activated Binders ◽  
Furnace Slag

Geopolymers, or also known as alkali-activated binders, have recently emerged as a viable alternative to conventional binders (cement) for soil stabilization. Geopolymers employ alkaline activation of industrial waste to create cementitious products inside treated soils, increasing the clayey soils’ mechanical and physical qualities. This paper aims to review the utilization of fly ash and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS)-based geopolymers for soil stabilization by enhancing strength. Previous research only used one type of precursor: fly ash or GGBFS, but the strength value obtained did not meet the ASTM D 4609 (<0.8 Mpa) standard required for soil-stabilizing criteria of road construction applications. This current research focused on the combination of two types of precursors, which are fly ash and GGBFS. The findings of an unconfined compressive strength (UCS) test on stabilized soil samples were discussed. Finally, the paper concludes that GGBFS and fly-ash-based geo-polymers for soil stabilization techniques can be successfully used as a binder for soil stabilization. However, additional research is required to meet the requirement of ASTM D 4609 standard in road construction applications, particularly in subgrade layers.

Carbonating magnesia for soil stabilization

2013 ◽  
Vol 50 (8) ◽  
pp. 899-905 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaolin Yi ◽  
Martin Liska ◽  
Cise Unluer ◽  
Abir Al-Tabbaa
Keyword(s):  
Soil Stabilization ◽  
Strength Development ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Significant Strength ◽  
Triaxial Cell ◽  
Stabilized Soil ◽  
Mechanical And Microstructural Properties ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Reactive Magnesia

This paper investigates the potential for carbonating reactive magnesia (MgO) to serve as a more sustainable soil stabilization method by providing rapid and significant strength development of the stabilized soil through absorbing substantial quantities of CO2. Gaseous CO2 was forced through laboratory-prepared reactive MgO-treated soil samples in a triaxial cell set-up, and their resulting mechanical and microstructural properties were investigated using unconfined compressive strength, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that adequately carbonated MgO-treated soils could, in a few hours, reach a similar strength range to corresponding 28 day Portland cement (PC)-stabilized soils. Hydrated magnesium carbonates, namely nesquehonite and hydromagnesite–dypingite, were the main products of the carbonated MgO in the soil, and were responsible for the significant strength development.

scholarly journals Assessment of Characteristics of Acid Mine Drainage Treated with Fly Ash

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 3910
Author(s):  
Saba Shirin ◽  
Aarif Jamal ◽  
Christina Emmanouil ◽  
Akhilesh Kumar Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Acid Mine Drainage ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Mineralogical Characterization ◽  
Acid Mine ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Abandoned Coal Mines

Acid mine drainage (AMD) occurs naturally in abandoned coal mines, and it contains hazardous toxic elements in varying concentrations. In the present research, AMD samples collected from an abandoned mine were treated with fly ash samples from four thermal power plants in Singrauli Coalfield in the proximate area, at optimized concentrations. The AMD samples were analyzed for physicochemical parameters and metal content before and after fly ash treatment. Morphological, geochemical and mineralogical characterization of the fly ash was performed using SEM, XRF and XRD. This laboratory-scale investigation indicated that fly ash had appreciable neutralization potential, increasing AMD pH and decreasing elemental and sulfate concentrations. Therefore, fly ash may be effectively used for AMD neutralization, and its suitability for the management of coalfield AMD pits should be assessed further.

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