scholarly journals Target Maintenance in Gaming via Saliency Augmentation: An Early-Stage Scotoma Simulation Study Using Virtual Reality (VR)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (15) ◽  
pp. 7164
Author(s):  
Alexandra Sipatchin ◽  
Miguel García García ◽  
Siegfried Wahl
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Visual Field ◽  
Simulation Study ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Advanced Stage ◽  
Central Scotoma ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Gaze Behaviour ◽  
Gaming Environment ◽  
Induced Changes

This study addresses the importance of salience placement before or after scotoma development for an efficient target allocation in the visual field. Pre-allocation of attention is a mechanism known to induce a better gaze positioning towards the target. Three different conditions were tested: a simulated central scotoma, a salience augmentation surrounding the scotoma and a baseline condition without any simulation. All conditions were investigated within a virtual reality VR gaming environment. Participants were tested in two different orders, either the salient cue was applied together with the scotoma before being presented with the scotoma alone or the scotoma in the wild was presented before and, then, with the augmentation around it. Both groups showed a change in gaze behaviour when saliency was applied. However, in the second group, salient augmentation also induced changes in gaze behaviour for the scotoma condition without augmentation, gazing above and outside the scotoma following previous literature. These preliminary results indicate salience placement before developing an advanced stage of scotoma can induce effective and rapid training for efficient target maintenance during VR gaming. The study shows the potential of salience and VR gaming as therapy for early AMD patients.

Eye movements in sports research and practice: Immersive technologies as optimal environments for the study of gaze behaviour

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Harris ◽  
Mark Wilson ◽  
Tim Holmes ◽  
Toby de Burgh ◽  
Samuel James Vine
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Eye Movements ◽  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Visual Information ◽  
Successful Performance ◽  
Experimental Control ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
Gaze Behaviour ◽  
Immersive Technologies

Head-mounted eye tracking has been fundamental for developing an understanding of sporting expertise, as the way in which performers sample visual information from the environment is a major determinant of successful performance. There is, however, a long running tension between the desire to study realistic, in-situ gaze behaviour and the difficulties of acquiring accurate ocular measurements in dynamic and fast-moving sporting tasks. Here, we describe how immersive technologies, such as virtual reality, offer an increasingly compelling approach for conducting eye movement research in sport. The possibility of studying gaze behaviour in representative and realistic environments, but with high levels of experimental control, could enable significant strides forward for eye tracking in sport and improve understanding of how eye movements underpin sporting skills. By providing a rationale for virtual reality as an optimal environment for eye tracking research, as well as outlining practical considerations related to hardware, software and data analysis, we hope to guide researchers and practitioners in the use of this approach.

Efficacy of the Liver US Score in Discriminating Early Stage Cirrhosis (F4) from Advanced Stage Chronic Hepatitis (F3)

Choonpa Igaku ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 655-663 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetsuya NISHIURA ◽  
Hideaki WATANABE ◽  
Yoshihiko KOUNO ◽  
Masahiro ITO ◽  
Kazuyuki OOHATA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Advanced Stage

scholarly journals Kinematic of the Position and Orientation Synchronization of the Posture of a n DoF Upper-Limb Exoskeleton with a Virtual Object in an Immersive Virtual Reality Environment

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1069
Author(s):  
Deyby Huamanchahua ◽  
Adriana Vargas-Martinez ◽  
Ricardo Ramirez-Mendoza
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Human Performance ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Inverse Kinematic ◽  
Virtual Object ◽  
Immersive Virtual Reality ◽  
Virtual Reality Environment ◽  
Upper Limb Exoskeleton ◽  
Position And Orientation

Exoskeletons are an external structural mechanism with joints and links that work in tandem with the user, which increases, reinforces, or restores human performance. Virtual Reality can be used to produce environments, in which the intensity of practice and feedback on performance can be manipulated to provide tailored motor training. Will it be possible to combine both technologies and have them synchronized to reach better performance? This paper consists of the kinematics analysis for the position and orientation synchronization between an n DoF upper-limb exoskeleton pose and a projected object in an immersive virtual reality environment using a VR headset. To achieve this goal, the exoskeletal mechanism is analyzed using Euler angles and the Pieper technique to obtain the equations that lead to its orientation, forward, and inverse kinematic models. This paper extends the author’s previous work by using an early stage upper-limb exoskeleton prototype for the synchronization process.

scholarly journals Does Time-to-Chemotherapy after Primary Complete Macroscopic Cytoreductive Surgery Influence Prognosis for Patients with Epithelial Ovarian Cancer? A Study of the FRANCOGYN Group

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1058
Author(s):  
Grégoire Rocher ◽  
Thomas Gaillard ◽  
Catherine Uzan ◽  
Pierre Collinet ◽  
Pierre-Adrien Bolze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Epithelial Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Cytoreductive Surgery ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Cohort Analysis ◽  
Recurrence Free Survival ◽  
Advanced Stage ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Analysis

To determine if the time-to-chemotherapy (TTC) after primary macroscopic complete cytoreductive surgery (CRS) influences recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). We conducted an observational multicenter retrospective cohort analysis of women with EOC treated from September 2006 to November 2016 in nine institutions in France (FRANCOGYN research group) with maintained EOC databases. We included women with EOC (all FIGO stages) who underwent primary complete macroscopic CRS prior to platinum-based adjuvant chemotherapy. Two hundred thirty-three patients were included: 73 (31.3%) in the early-stage group (ESG) (FIGO I-II), and 160 (68.7%) in the advanced-stage group (ASG) (FIGO III-IV). Median TTC was 43 days (36–56). The median OS was 77.2 months (65.9–106.6). OS was lower in the ASG when TTC exceeded 8 weeks (70.5 vs. 59.3 months, p = 0.04). No impact on OS was found when TTC was below or above 6 weeks (78.5 and 66.8 months, respectively, p = 0.25). In the whole population, TTC had no impact on RFS or OS. None of the factors studied were associated with an increase in TTC. Chemotherapy should be initiated as soon as possible after CRS. A TTC greater than 8 weeks is associated with poorer OS in patients with advanced stage EOC.

Who is in the Room? Notification for Intrusions While in Virtual Reality

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 521-525
Author(s):  
Aaron Crowson ◽  
Zachary H. Pugh ◽  
Michael Wilkinson ◽  
Christopher B. Mayhorn
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Visual Field ◽  
Physical World ◽  
Visual Modality ◽  
Auditory Modality ◽  
Oculus Rift ◽  
Head Mounted Display ◽  
Sensory Modalities ◽  
Orientation Type

The development of head-mounted display virtual reality systems (e.g., Oculus Rift, HTC Vive) has resulted in an increasing need to represent the physical world while immersed in the virtual. Current research has focused on representing static objects in the physical room, but there has been little research into notifying VR users of changes in the environment. This study investigates how different sensory modalities affect noticeability and comprehension of notifications designed to alert head-mounted display users when a person enters his/her area of use. In addition, this study investigates how the use of an orientation type notification aids in perception of alerts that manifest outside a virtual reality users’ visual field. Results of a survey indicated that participants perceived the auditory modality as more effective regardless of notification type. An experiment corroborated these findings for the person notifications; however, the visual modality was in practice more effective for orientation notifications.

From Bench to Bedside: New Technologies for Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michal-Ruth Schweiger ◽  
Hans Lehrach
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Predictive Biomarkers ◽  
Patient Treatment ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Advanced Stage ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
The Us ◽  
Risk Patients

According to the centre for disease control (CDC) malignant neoplasms are the second most common cause of death in the US in 2004 (1). One of the major problems is that most of the cancers are diagnosed in an advanced stage, which prohibits curative treatment. In order to circumvent these problems, we need to develop strategies that allow identification of risk patients and tumors at an early stage. In addition, it is necessary to identify prognostic and predictive biomarkers that guide patient treatment at different stages of the disease.

Brain-Behavior Dynamics Between The Left Fusiform and Reading

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Beelen ◽  
Jan Wouters ◽  
Pol Ghesquière ◽  
Maaike Vandermosten
Keyword(s):  
Reading Skills ◽  
Word Reading ◽  
Brain Plasticity ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Fusiform Gyrus ◽  
Advanced Stage ◽  
Behavior Dynamics ◽  
Grade 5 ◽  
Bidirectional Relations ◽  
Mri Study

Abstract The visual word form area (VWFA) plays a significant role in the development of reading skills. However, the developmental course and anatomical properties of the VWFA have only limitedly been investigated. The aim of the current longitudinal MRI study was to investigate dynamic, bidirectional relations between reading and the structure of the left fusiform gyrus at the early-to-advanced reading stage. More specifically, by means of bivariate correlations and a cross-lagged panel model (CLPM), the interrelations between the size of the left fusiform gyrus and reading skills (a composite score of a word and pseudo-word reading task) were studied in a longitudinal cohort of 43 Flemish children (29M, 14F) with variable reading skills in grade 2 (the early stage of reading) and grade 5 (the advanced stage of reading) of primary school. Results revealed that better reading skills at grade 2 lead to a larger size of the left fusiform gyrus at grade 5, whereas there are no directional effects between the size of the left fusiform gyrus at grade 2 and reading skills at grade 5. Hence, according to our results there is behavior-driven brain plasticity and no brain-driven reading change between the early and advanced stage of reading. Together with pre-reading brain studies showing predictive relations to later reading scores, our results suggest that the direction of brain-behavioral influences changes throughout the course of reading development.

scholarly journals The Emergence of Technology in Physical Education: A General Bibliometric Analysis with a Focus on Virtual and Augmented Reality

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 2728
Author(s):  
Ferran Calabuig-Moreno ◽  
María Huertas González-Serrano ◽  
Javier Fombona ◽  
Marta García-Tascón
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Augmented Reality ◽  
Bibliometric Analysis ◽  
Turning Point ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Virtual And Augmented Reality ◽  
Teaching Learning

Technology has been gradually introduced into our society, and the field of education is no exception due to technology’s ability to improve the teaching–learning process. Furthermore, within the area of physical education (PE), its importance has been highlighted by the existence of specific apps for physical activity that can be used inside and outside the classroom to assess physical condition, as well as through the potential that virtual and augmented reality can have in such assessment. Therefore, the main objectives for this study were (1) to perform a bibliometric analysis of the articles published in the Web of Science (WoS) on technology in PE and (2) to analyze the articles published on augmented or virtual reality in PE found through this search. The results show that although studies on technology in PE (461 articles) have begun to consolidate over the last five years (there was a turning point in 2015), with the USA being the most influential country in this area, specific research on the use of augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) is still at a very early stage (22 articles with a small growth in 2017), with Spain being the most influential country; much more research is needed to achieve its consolidation.

scholarly journals Phosphatase Regenerating Liver3 and ECadherin Expression in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer

2017 ◽  
pp. 170-175
Author(s):  
Risma Maharani ◽  
Syahrul Rauf ◽  
Rina Masadah
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Epithelial Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
Advanced Stage ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
E Cadherin

Objective: To determine the expression of Phosphatase Regenerating Liver-3 (PRL-3) and E-Cadherin in the epithelial ovarian cancer on various stages and differentiation grades. Method: This was a cross-sectional study design conducted at Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of several teaching hospitals, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Hasanuddin from January to June 2015. The expression of PRL-3 and E-cadherin was assessed immunohistochemically in 40 patients with epithelial ovarian cancer including 15 patients in early stage and 25 patients in advanced stage. We used the Fisher’s exact test with the significance of p0.05). The significant difference was found in the expression of E-cadherin whereas the high expression was shown at early stage than advanced stage (p0.05). This study also pointed out no correlation between the expression of PRL-3 and E-cadherin in epithelial ovarian cancer (p>0.05). Conclusion: PRL-3 overexpression does not decrease E-cadherin expression in epithelial ovarian cancer. Keywords: E-cadherin, epithelial ovarian cancer, PRL-3

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