scholarly journals Synthesis of Porous Biomimetic Composites: A Sea Urchin Skeleton Used as a Template

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (19) ◽  
pp. 8897
Author(s):  
Nikolay P. Shapkin ◽  
Evgeniy K. Papynov ◽  
Alexandr E. Panasenko ◽  
Irina G. Khalchenko ◽  
Vitaly Yu. Mayorov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Urchin ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Average Pore Size ◽  
Mercury Porosimetry ◽  
Ceramic Composites ◽  
Original Method ◽  
Original Structure ◽  
Average Pore ◽  
Inverted Structure ◽  
Porous Composites

The paper presents an original method for the template synthesis of biomimetic porous composites using polyferrophenylsiloxane (PFPS) and the skeleton of the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus intermedius as a structuring template. The study aimed to form an organosilicon base of a composite with an inverted structure relative to the original structure of the sea urchin shell with a period of structure movement of about 20 µm and ceramic composites fabrication with the silicate base with an average pore size distribution of about 10 μm obtained by the reaction of PFPS with the inorganic base of the sea urchin test under conditions of calcination at 1000 °C followed by acid etching. The composition and morphology of the obtained composites were investigated by IR, XRD, XPS, EDX, and SEM techniques and by mercury porosimetry; the parameters of the porous structures depend on the selected methods of their synthesis. The proposed method is of fundamental importance for developing methods for the chemical synthesis of new biomimetics with a unique porosity architecture based on environmentally friendly natural raw materials for a vast practical application.

scholarly journals Effects of microsilica content on microstructure and strength of lightweight castable refractories containing porous corundum-spinel aggregate

2009 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 275-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Yan ◽  
N. Li ◽  
B.Q. Han
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Average Pore Size ◽  
Mercury Porosimetry ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Apparent Porosity ◽  
Liquid Content ◽  
Average Pore ◽  
Crushing Strength ◽  
Liquid Sintering

High-strength, lightweight castable refractories based on spinel were prepared by introducing porous corundum-spinel aggregate and appropriate microsilica. The effects of microsilica content on microstructure and properties of lightweight castable refractories were investigated using SEM, XRD, mercury porosimetry measurements and FactSage thermochemical software. It's found that microsilica was almost dissolved into a liquid phase at high temperature, which promoted liquid sintering. With increasing microsilica content, the matrices became denser and average pore size of matrices increased, then apparent porosity decreased, crushing strength increased and content of liquid phase in castables at 1600?C increased. The appropriate microsilica content is 0.65 to 1.95 wt%, which reaches to a compromise among apparent porosity (33-38%), crushing strength (82-125MPa) and liquid content (1.80~4.97 wt%).

scholarly journals Mechanical properties of anorthite based ceramics prepared from kaolin DD2 and calcite

Cerâmica ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (367) ◽  
pp. 311-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Harabi ◽  
S. Zaiou ◽  
A. Guechi ◽  
L. Foughali ◽  
E. Harabi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bending Strength ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Average Pore Size ◽  
Phase Evolution ◽  
Bimodal Distribution ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Average Pore ◽  
Microscopy Techniques ◽  
Resistant Ceramic

Abstract Good quality ceramics costs a lot that has limited their use in developing countries. This work was devoted to prepare low-cost and good quality anorthite based ceramics. The proposed composition was 80 wt% kaolin (DD2 type) and 20 wt% calcium oxide (CaO). The choice of these raw materials was dictated by their natural abundance coupled with a modified milling system, as another interesting advantage. Previous studies have shown that a simple vibratory multidirectional milling system using bimodal distribution of highly resistant ceramic milling elements has been successfully applied for obtaining fine powders. The influence of the relatively lower sintering temperature, ranging from 800 to 1100 °C, on the porosity and the average pore size (APS) have been investigated. The APS and the porosity values of samples sintered at 950 °C were about 1 μm and 4%, respectively. The best Vickers microhardness and 3-point bending strength values for these sintered samples, using this proposed milling system, were 7.1 GPa and 203 MPa, respectively. Finally, the crystalline phase evolution during heat treatment was investigated by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy techniques.

Preparation and Research of Porous KGM/ Collagen II Composite Cartilage Scaffolds

2013 ◽  
Vol 774-776 ◽  
pp. 949-953
Author(s):  
Ming Hua Huang ◽  
Hui Dong ◽  
Di Ru Xu ◽  
Duan Cheng Wang ◽  
Yong Shun Cui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Pore Size ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Average Pore Size ◽  
Crosslinking Agent ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Average Pore ◽  
Blending Method ◽  
Collagen Ii

KGM and Collagen II were selected as the main raw materials and ammonia served as the crosslinking agent to prepare the porous KGM / COLII composite cartilage scaffolds by blending method and freeze-drying method. The porosity, average pore size, compressive strength and water absorption were measured on the basis of the related standard. The scaffolds were characterized by SEM and XRD. The results show that the optimal program of preparing composite cartilage scaffolds is KGM (2g), COLII (1g), freeze temperature (-20 ° C) and ammonia (0.1 ml). The optimal cartilage scaffolds are porous three-dimensional network structures which the porosity is more than 90%; the average pore size is about 200μm; the compressive strength is about 0.75Mpa and the water absorption reaches up to 892%.

scholarly journals Porogen Effect of Bioactive Glass on Poly(L-lactide) Scaffolds: Evidences by Electron Microscopy

2008 ◽  
Vol 14 (S3) ◽  
pp. 65-66
Author(s):  
N.B. Barroca ◽  
A.L. Daniel-da-Silva ◽  
M.H.V. Fernandes ◽  
P.M. Vilarinho
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Bioactive Glass ◽  
Average Pore Size ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Ceramic Composites ◽  
Porous Polymer ◽  
Bioactive Glasses ◽  
Average Pore ◽  
Thermally Induced ◽  
Ceramic Fillers

Recently, porous polymer-ceramic composites have been developed and represent promising scaffolds to be used as synthetic extracellular matrix in bone tissue engineering since they combine the advantages of these two types of materials. On the other hand bioactive glasses (BG) have been used as ceramic fillers to promote bioactivity and to enhance mechanical properties and osteoblast functions. Among all the requirements, these 3D porous structures should have a controllable average pore size larger than 100 μm as well as good pore interconnectivity to allow vascularization and tissue ingrowth. The goal of this study is to investigate the effect of the addition of a bioactive glass on the porous structure development of the scaffolds prepared by thermally induced phase-separation and also to test the bioactivity of these composite scaffolds. Poly (L-lactic) acid (PLLA) was chosen as the polymer matrix because of its well-known biocompatibility and adjustable physical and mechanical properties. Micron-sized (<10 μm) glass from the 3CaO.P2O5-MgO-SiO2 system was produced in our laboratory and used as the bioactive ceramic filler.

Research on Preparation of Mesoporous Zeolite by Template Method

2010 ◽  
Vol 158 ◽  
pp. 204-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi Jun Ma ◽  
Yi Min Zhu ◽  
Yan Jun Li ◽  
Xin Fang
Keyword(s):  
Pore Size ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Average Pore Size ◽  
Pure Aluminum ◽  
Sodium Aluminate ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Template Method ◽  
Mesoporous Zeolite ◽  
Synthesis Mechanism ◽  
Average Pore

In this paper, the preparation of mesoporous zeolite by template method is studied that the mesoporous zeolite is made up of pure silica source and pure aluminum source. The synthesis mechanism of mesoporous zeolite is investigated according to the characterization results of FTIR, SEM and N2 adsorption-desorption. The results shows that the water glass and sodium aluminate as the partial raw materials of synthesis process, P123 as the template, reaction at 42°C for 20h, aging at 54°C for 48 h, calcining at 550°C for 5 h. The average pore size of prepared mesoporous zeolite is 6.4nm and the specific surface area is 394.65m2/g. The FTIR shows that the microstructure of the prepared samples is similar to zeolite ore, and the SEM result indicates that the micromorphology of the product is uniform and pore size is within the mesoporous range.

scholarly journals Synthesis and photocatalytic performance of spongy ZnO microstructures

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 230-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.L. Zou ◽  
Y. Li ◽  
Q. Wang ◽  
D.M. An ◽  
X.X. Lian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Average Pore Size ◽  
Nitrogen Adsorption ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Nitrate Hexahydrate ◽  
Average Pore ◽  
Tem Analysis ◽  
Hydrothermal Temperature

AbstractSpongy ZnO microstructures were synthesized via a facile hydrothermal method using zinc nitrate hexahydrate and oxalic acid as raw materials. The as-obtained ZnO were characterized by powder X-ray diffractometry (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and transmission electron spectroscopy (TEM), respectively. The BET surface area and average pore size of the samples were determined by nitrogen adsorption-desorption analysis. Effects of precursor and hydrothermal temperature on the morphology and photocatalytic activity of the products were investigated. SEM and TEM analysis indicated that the as-obtained spongy ZnO microstructures consisted of a large amount of ZnO particles with the average size of about 100 to 150 nm. The photocatalytic activities of the spongy ZnO microstructures were evaluated by photodegradation of methylene blue (MB) under UV light radiation. The results indicated that the ZnO synthesized at 150 °C for 10 h showed the highest photocatalytic activity and the degradation ratio of MB reached 99.5 % for 60 min of UV light irradiation with the light intensity of 10 mW · cm-2.

Obtaining Ceramic Filter from Rice Husk and Kaolinitic Clay

2014 ◽  
Vol 802 ◽  
pp. 232-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.P.A. Souza ◽  
F.V. Motta ◽  
R.G. Carvalho ◽  
W. Acchar ◽  
E. Harima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pore Size ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Average Pore Size ◽  
Mercury Porosimetry ◽  
Standard Technique ◽  
Ceramic Filter ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Average Pore ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Kaolinitic Clay

In this study, different compositions based on rice husk carbon and kaolinitic clay aimed at obtaining ceramic filter were studied. Three compositions of 40, 60 and 80% rice husk of the total mass were prepared. The specimens were uniaxially compressed in rectangular shape at pressure of 28 MPa and were sintered at temperatures of 1100oC, 1150oC and 1200oC for 1 h. The sintered samples were characterized according to standard technique for linear shrinkage, water absorption, apparent porosity and flexural strength. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) was also performed to check the average pore size, and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) to verify existing crystalline phases, chemical analysis and mercury porosimetry. The X-ray diffraction results showed mostly alpha quartz peaks and mullite after sintering. Mercury porosimetry showed porosity of 44.33% and average pore size of approximately 8.33 μm for sample with 60% rice husk sintered at 1200°C.

scholarly journals Effect of microsilica content on microstructure and properties of foamed ceramics with needle-like mullite

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 202-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenying Zhou ◽  
Wen Yan ◽  
Nan Li ◽  
Yuanbing Li ◽  
Yajie Dai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Average Pore Size ◽  
High Porosity ◽  
Sintering Process ◽  
Average Pore ◽  
Linear Change ◽  
Direct Foaming Method ◽  
Industrial Alumina

In this study, five foamed ceramics with struts containing needle-like mullite were prepared by direct-foaming method using white clay, industrial alumina and microsilica powder as raw materials. The effects of microsilica content on the phase compositions, microstructures and properties of foamed ceramics were investigated. The results showed that the adding of microsilica decreased the average pore size and apparent porosity and increased the compressive strength and thermal conductivity of the foamed ceramics by affecting the properties of foamed slurry and reaction sintering process. The foamed ceramics with 10 wt.% microsilica content showed the best properties with high porosity of 75.8%, positive reheating linear change, compressive strength of 1.44MPa and low thermal conductivity of 0.219W/(m?K) (at 350?C).

scholarly journals Elaboration of porous gehlenite and anorthite based ceramics using low price raw materials

Cerâmica ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (363) ◽  
pp. 242-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Zenikheri ◽  
A. Harabi ◽  
B. Boudaira ◽  
F. Bouzerara ◽  
A. Guechi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pore Size ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Average Pore Size ◽  
Porous Ceramics ◽  
World Market ◽  
Average Pore ◽  
Quality Cost ◽  
The World ◽  
Co2 Release

Abstract Porous ceramics of good quality cost a lot in the world market, which has limited their use in developing countries. This is why this work was mainly devoted to prepare low-cost and good quality ceramics, using kaolin (DD2 type) and calcite (CaCO3) available in abundance in Algeria. Based on previous results, 28 wt% CaCO3 ceramic was selected. The presence of CaCO3 favors to achieve porous samples characterized by a high percentage of porosity due to the CO2 release and CaO formation during its calcination at about 700 °C. The choice of these raw materials is based on their natural abundance (low price). It has been found that the samples had interesting characteristics: average pore size between 2.87 and 6.50 μm and porosity between 53 and 57%. It has also been found that the manufactured membrane supports are mainly constituted of gehlenite and anorthite phases. Moreover, the pore size distribution was mono-modal type. The surface and cross-section morphologies observed through a scanning electron microscope were also homogeneous and do not present any possible macro-defects (cracks, etc.).

Carbon Fiber Reinforced Phosphate Porous Ceramic Composites

2012 ◽  
Vol 512-515 ◽  
pp. 916-919
Author(s):  
Ping Zhai ◽  
Xiao Feng Duan ◽  
Da Qian Chen ◽  
Chong Hai Wang ◽  
Fang Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Average Pore Size ◽  
Porous Ceramic ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Porous Ceramics ◽  
Ceramic Composites ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Average Pore ◽  
Carbon Fiber Reinforced

Fiber porous ceramics are the excellent candidates for a variety of applications, and thus, their research is a hotspot in recent years. In this study, carbon fiber reinforced phosphate porous ceramics composites were prepared by acupuncture and in-situ solidification vacuum-assisted liquid-phase infiltration method. The tensile strength of composite was tested by universal testing machine, the microstructures of the specimen were observed by scanning electron microscopy while the thermal analysis was detected by Thermo Gravimetric Analyzer. The results show that the carbon fiber reinforced phosphate porous ceramics composites which is prepared by the technology showed above have a pore rate of 63.7%.The tensile strength reached 50.2MPa with an average pore size of at most 50μm.It also has good thermal shock resistance.

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