scholarly journals Do Background Colors Have an Impact on Preferences and Catch the Attention of Users?

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 225
Author(s):  
Anna Lewandowska ◽  
Agnieszka Olejnik-Krugly
Keyword(s):  
Visual Attention ◽  
Cognitive Task ◽  
User Preferences ◽  
Background Color ◽  
Eye Tracker ◽  
The Unconscious ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
First Impression ◽  
User Friendly ◽  
Color Composition

In recent years, our environment has become more invasive and stimulating than ever. People must choose carefully what to look for in their over-stimulated daily lives. One way to attract visual attention, which may even interrupt the cognitive task being performed, is color. However, a question arises: Does each color attract the attention of users in a similar way? In this paper, we attempt to answer this question. Our goal is to investigate whether there are colors that have a greater visual power than other colors and, thus, can capture the attention of users more strongly, independent of the background (e.g., color or image). We also discuss which mode of visual attention (divided or sustained) is particularly susceptible to such visual messages. For this purpose, a perceptual experiment was developed, in which user preferences concerning user-friendly and readable color compositions were acquired. At the same time, we measured the unconscious reactions of users related to their first impression, thus indicating the color composition which first (from a displayed pair of images) draws the attention of users. Reactions were measured using an eye tracker. As a result of this research, we found that the background color, in the case of some colors, does not have a significant impact on the perception of the visual message, even if it is intended to attract and maintain the attention of the user.

scholarly journals Motor Adaptation to Cognitive Challenges and Destabilizing Treadmill Walking in Healthy Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 523-523
Author(s):  
Pei-Chun Kao ◽  
Michaela Pierro
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Task ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Healthy Older Adults ◽  
Trunk Motion ◽  
Visual Color ◽  
Stability Data ◽  
Serial Addition ◽  
Task Conditions ◽  
Perturbed Walking

Abstract To develop effective fall prevention intervention, it is necessary to understand how older adults respond to challenges that demand cognitive-motor dual-tasking capability, an important capability in the daily lives. The purpose of this study is to investigate how older adults adjust their motor responses when encountering cognitive and walking perturbations simultaneously. We recorded kinematic data as subjects walked on a treadmill with or without 1) continuous random-amplitude treadmill platform sways (Perturbed vs. No-perturbed walking); and 2) each of the four cognitive tasks: Paced Auditory Serial Addition test (PASAT), clock test, visual color-word incongruent test (V-stroop), and auditory pitch-word incongruent test (A-stroop). We computed dynamic margins of stability (MOS), gait variability, and short-term local divergence exponent (LDE) of the trunk motion (local stability). Data of ten older subjects (age: 72.2±4.9) show that cognitive performance did not differ between standing, Perturbed or No-perturbed walking. Subjects demonstrated significantly greater local instability and variability in step measures, joint angle and MOS during Perturbed than No-perturbed walking (p<0.001). During dual-task conditions, subjects walked with significantly larger medio-lateral MOS (MOSML) compared to walking only, especially during early phase of the trial. During Perturbed walking, subjects had significantly larger MOSML during PASAT and Vstroop than walking only. Our data showed that subjects tried to increase their dynamic MOS during Perturbed walking or a cognitive task more difficult or taxing visual attention. However, the adjustments do not sustain throughout the trial. These findings suggest older adults tend to prioritize cognitive over walking tasks even when encountering walking perturbations.

scholarly journals RoboEye, an Efficient, Reliable and Safe Semi-Autonomous Gaze Driven Wheelchair for Domestic Use

Technologies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Luca Maule ◽  
Alessandro Luchetti ◽  
Matteo Zanetti ◽  
Paolo Tomasin ◽  
Marco Pertile ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Robotics ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Continuous Control ◽  
Eye Tracker ◽  
Motor Disability ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Severe Motor ◽  
Core Elements ◽  
Domestic Use ◽  
User Friendly

Any severe motor disability is a condition that limits the ability to interact with the environment, even the domestic one, caused by the loss of control over one’s mobility. This work presents RoboEYE, a power wheelchair designed to allow users to move easily and autonomously within their homes. To achieve this goal, an innovative, cost-effective and user-friendly control system was designed, in which a non-invasive eye tracker, a monitor, and a 3D camera represent some of the core elements. RoboEYE integrates functionalities from the mobile robotics field into a standard power wheelchair, with the main advantage of providing the user with two driving options and comfortable navigation. The most intuitive and direct modality foresees the continuous control of frontal and angular wheelchair velocities by gazing at different areas of the monitor. The second, semi-autonomous modality allows navigation toward a selected point in the environment by just pointing and activating the wished destination while the system autonomously plans and follows the trajectory that brings the wheelchair to that point. The purpose of this work was to develop the control structure and driving interface designs of the aforementioned driving modalities taking into account also uncertainties in gaze detection and other sources of uncertainty related to the components to ensure user safety. Furthermore, the driving modalities, in particular the semi-autonomous one, were modeled and qualified through numerical simulations and experimental verification by testing volunteers, who are regular users of standard electric wheelchairs, to verify the efficiency, reliability and safety of the proposed system for domestic use. RoboEYE resulted suitable for environments with narrow passages wider than 1 m, which is comparable with a standard domestic door and due to its properties with large commercialization potential.

scholarly journals Real Time Electrical Energy Monitoring and Cost Benefit Analysis using Smart Meter

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6S) ◽  
pp. 156-160
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
New Energy ◽  
The Cost ◽  
User Friendly

Energy is an essential component in supporting people’s daily lives and is a significant economical element in development of the country. The eventual depletion of conventional energy resources and their harmful impacts on environment as well as the rising energy costs and the limitations of new energy resources and technologies have pushed efficient energy management to the top of the agenda. But how the energy utilization can be managed? A simple answer to this is viable and real time metering, which enables calculation of run time energy consumption and obtaining the real-time as well as cumulative cost. In this research an Innovative hardware and IoT based solution to this problem is availed that could provide live information related to consumption of electricity by various appliances. The methodology used in this research is mainly based on a hardware tool named Elite 440 which is a meter and provides the data about various electrical parameters. This data so obtained is made visible on the dashboard in a user friendly. The data so visible includes various parameters like voltage, current, power factor etc. Also the data so obtained on the dashboard gets updated in each five minutes and simultaneously the cost gets updated which makes it real time monitoring System.

scholarly journals Does message framing matter for promoting the use of nutritional warnings in decision making?

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (16) ◽  
pp. 3025-3034 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Vidal ◽  
Leandro Machín ◽  
Jessica Aschemann-Witzel ◽  
Gastón Ares
Keyword(s):  
Visual Attention ◽  
Message Framing ◽  
Choice Task ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Minor Effect ◽  
Eye Tracker ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Average Percentage ◽  
Nutrition Messages ◽  
The Impact

AbstractObjective:To evaluate the impact of message framing on attitudes towards messages aimed at promoting the use of nutritional warnings, behavioural intention and actual behaviour, evaluated through visual attention to nutritional warnings and the choice of a snack product during a real choice task.Design:Following a between-subjects design, participants were exposed to loss-framed nutrition messages, gain-framed nutrition messages or non-nutrition-related messages (control group). After evaluating the messages, participants were asked to select a snack product as a compensation for their participation. The experiment was conducted using an eye tracker.Setting:Montevideo (Uruguay).Participants:Convenience sample of 201 people (18–51 years old, 58 % female).Results:The average percentage of participants who fixated their gaze on the nutritional warnings during the choice task was slightly but significantly higher for participants who attended to nutrition messages (regardless of their framing) compared with the control group. Participants who attended to loss-framed messages fixated their gaze on the warnings for the longest period of time. In addition, the healthfulness of the snack choices was higher for participants exposed to nutrition-related messages compared with the control group.Conclusions:Results from the present work suggest that nutrition messages aimed at increasing awareness of nutritional warnings may increase consumers’ visual attention and encourage more heathful choices. The framing of the messages only had a minor effect on their efficacy.

scholarly journals PERAN TIPE GAMBAR, TAGAR, JUMLAH LIKES DAN INFORMASI HARGA PADA INSTAGRAM TERHADAP INTENSI MEMBELI

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Hasrini Sari ◽  
Lidia Anggraeni
Keyword(s):  
Visual Attention ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Statistic Analysis ◽  
Eye Tracker ◽  
Price Information ◽  
Subject Design ◽  
Inferential Statistic ◽  
Image Type ◽  
Picture Type

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh desain visual post Instagram dalam hal tipe gambar, tagar, jumlah likes, dan caption berupa informasi harga, terhadap tingkat atensi visual pemirsa, dan intensi pembelian. Keempat elemen tersebut dihipotesiskan akan mempengaruhi atensi visual pemirsa, dan pada akhirnya mempengaruhi intensi membeli. Metode desain eksperimen digunakan untuk menguji hipotesis dengan alat bantu eye tracker untuk mengukur atensi visual. Instagram dari sebuah perusahaan UKM yang menjual tas tangan (pouch) digunakan sebagai objek penelitian. Delapan stimulus berpasangan (gambar produk dan konsumen) yang merupakan dummy post Instagram dirancang berdasarkan hipotesis penelitian, dan satu pasang stimulus post Instagram yang ada saat ini digunakan sebagai kontrol. Empat puluh partisipan dipaparkan kesembilan stimulus menggunakan pendekatan within subject design. Dari hasil statistik deskriptif, ditemukan bahwa partisipan lebih menyukai tipe gambar produk, dan stimulus yang paling disukai yang menampilkan caption keterangan harga, hashtag serta jumlah likes yang banyak. Uji statistik inferensial menunjukkan adanya perbedaan tipe gambar (gambar produk dan gambar konsumen) dan jumlah likes mempengaruhi tingkat atensi visual pemirsa, serta tidak ada hubungan antara tingkat atensi terhadap tampilan Instagram dengan intensi membeli.  Abstract[Role Of Image Type, Hashtag, Number Of Likes And Pricing Information On Instagram Against Intensi Buying] This research is intended to investigate the influence of visual design of Instagram concerning picture type, hashtag, number of likes, and price information, on intention to buy. These elements are suggested to influence visual attention of the audience, and ultimately influence the intention to buy. Experiment design method is implemented to test the hypotheses using an eye tracker device to measure visual attention. An Instagram post from an SME offering pouch is used as a research object. Eight paired of dummy Instagram posts (the product picture and the consumer picture) are designed to test the research hypotheses, and a pair of existing Instagram post acts as a control stimulus. Forty participants are exposed to all of the stimuli using a within-subject design approach. Descriptive statistic analysis shows that participants like product picture more than consumer, and stimulus containing price information, hashtag, and many likes. Inferential statistic analysis shows that picture type and likes all influence visual attention and no significant relationship between visual attention and intention to buy.Keywords: Intention to buy; visual attention; statistic inferensia; desain eksperimen

Smartphones for Law Students – Persuasive, Pervasive and Legal: a Research Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 174-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zaki Abbas ◽  
Andrew MacFarlane ◽  
Ayşe Göker
Keyword(s):  
Information Seeking ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Information Service ◽  
Law Students ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Academic Context ◽  
Academic Information ◽  
The Uk ◽  
User Friendly

AbstractSmartphones have quickly become a key part of our daily lives. Over 70 percent of people in the UK own such a device and law students are no exception to this far-reaching trend1. The use of these devices has posed some significant questions on the extent of their impact on information seeking behaviour and in relation to information delivery of resources. Zaki Abbas, Andrew MacFarlane and Ayşe Göker, who have recently begun a research project together, seek to not only examine the information seeking behaviours (ISBs) of law students using their Smartphones for academic information retrieval, but also to investigate perspectives from subject law librarians from Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) throughout the UK. There is an impression that students tend to find Smartphones more appealing for their information seeking needs compared to the professional resources and services, such as virtual libraries, which their HEI have already invested in. The result leads to a deep concern from subject librarians that students may be at risk from weakening research skills as well as relying too much on poor information sources not specifically designed to meet their information needs within the academic context5. The authors also suggest that information service providers to be more pro-active in providing information to students through more user-friendly interfaces as well as capitalise on the growing use of the Smartphone as a means to deliver their product4,5,6,15.

Development of Human-Symbiotic Robot “EMIEW” – Design Concept and System Construction –

2006 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuji Hosoda ◽  
◽  
Saku Egawa ◽  
Junichi Tamamoto ◽  
Kenjiro Yamamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Speech Synthesis ◽  
Autonomous Mobile Robot ◽  
System Construction ◽  
Complex Environments ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Mobility System ◽  
User Friendly ◽  
Wheeled Mobility ◽  
World Exposition

We are developing a robot that will support people in their daily lives, i.e., a human-symbiotic robot. This kind of robot is required to coexist with users, be user friendly, and be capable of supporting them. As a first step to achieving the last goal, we have developed an autonomous mobile robot that makes use of a self-balancing two-wheeled mobility system and a body swing mechanism to shift its center of gravity. This allows it to move nimbly at up to six kilometers per hour. It also has capabilities that enable it to avoid collisions with obstacles and move safely through complex environments. It is able to interact with people naturally without special tools by means of distant-speech recognition and high-quality speech-synthesis technologies. These capabilities were demonstrated at the 2005 World Exposition Aichi Japan.

scholarly journals Eye-Tracker Study of Influence of Affective Disruptive Content on User’s Visual Attention and Emotional State

Sensors ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 547
Author(s):  
Anna Lewandowska ◽  
Izabela Rejer ◽  
Kamil Bortko ◽  
Jarosław Jankowski
Keyword(s):  
Visual Attention ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Cognitive Process ◽  
Emotional State ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Emotional Content ◽  
Eye Tracker ◽  
Text Reading ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Content

When reading interesting content or searching for information on a website, the appearance of a pop-up advertisement in the middle of the screen is perceived as irritating by a recipient. Interrupted cognitive processes are considered unwanted by the user but desired by advertising providers. Diverting visual attention away from the main content is intended to focus the user on the appeared disruptive content. Is the attempt to reach the user by any means justified? In this study, we examined the impact of pop-up emotional content on user reactions. For this purpose, a cognitive experiment was designed where a text-reading task was interrupted by two types of affective pictures: positive and negative ones. To measure the changes in user reactions, an eye-tracker (for analysis of eye movements and changes in gaze points) and an iMotion Platform (for analysis of face muscles’ movements) were used. The results confirm the impact of the type of emotional content on users’ reactions during cognitive process interruptions and indicate that the negative impact of cognitive process interruptions on the user can be reduced. The negative content evoked lower cognitive load, narrower visual attention, and lower irritation compared to positive content. These results offer insight on how to provide more efficient Internet advertising.

Does children’s visual attention to specific objects affect their verb learning?

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-40
Author(s):  
Jane B. Childers ◽  
Blaire Porter ◽  
Megan Dolan ◽  
Clare B. Whitehead ◽  
Kevin P. McIntyre
Keyword(s):  
Visual Attention ◽  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Learning Phase ◽  
Eye Tracker ◽  
Dynamic Scene ◽  
Verb Learning ◽  
Children's Attention

To learn a verb, children must attend to objects and relations, often within a dynamic scene. Several studies show that comparing varied events linked to a verb helps children learn verbs, but there is also controversy in this area. This study asks whether children benefit from seeing variation across events as they learn a new verb, and uses an eye tracker to test whether children adjust their visual attention to specific objects to better understand how they may be comparing events to each other. Children saw events in which the tool varied, the affected object varied, or there was no variation (control). No prior verb study has tested children’s visual attention to specific objects under different variability conditions. We found 2½- and 3½-year-olds could extend verbs, and they were more successful with age. Analyses of the looking patterns in the learning phase show that children’s attention to specific objects in events varied by condition, and that reduced looking to the tool was linked to less success at test. Eye tracking can provide a more detailed view of what children attend to while learning a new verb, which should help us better understand how children are learning from variation across examples.

Developing an Indoor Navigation Application: Identifying the Needs and Preferences of Users Who Are Visually Impaired

2020 ◽  
Vol 114 (5) ◽  
pp. 344-355
Author(s):  
Paul E. Ponchillia ◽  
Song-Jae Jo ◽  
Kim Casey ◽  
Sheri Harding
Keyword(s):  
User Preferences ◽  
Indoor Navigation ◽  
Navigation Systems ◽  
Online Data ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Rehabilitation Professionals ◽  
Site Development ◽  
Indoor Wayfinding ◽  
User Friendly ◽  
Adult Volunteers

Introduction: This study identified users’ indoor navigation concerns, prototype feature preferences, and perceptions of the relative importance and difficulty of certain building types in order to guide the development of an accurate and user-friendly indoor navigation application. Methods: Six-hundred fourteen adult volunteers who are legally blind from the 7,000-member Sendero global positioning system (GPS) electronic discussion group completed a 27-item survey instrument using Survey Monkey Pro online. Data were analyzed using chi-square and cross tabulation statistics. Results: Participants felt points of interest were the most important type of indoor information, that ability to know their location at any time the most important application feature, and verbal output with auditory and vibrational cues, the best output mode. Airports and bus or rail transit facilities scored highest as important buildings for navigation systems, and sports arenas and airports scored highest as difficult buildings to navigate. Chi-square analyses demonstrated that gender and GPS use were related to travel confidence. In addition, GPS use was related to user age, degree of reading vision, and employment. Discussion: The findings demonstrate user preferences for an indoor wayfinding application and high-priority building types. Regardless of stated preferences, it is important to allow the user to customize the application settings. The judgments on building importance of participants provide data on which to prioritize future site development. The chi-square analyses were exploratory in nature and designed to discover possible relationships. Implications for practitioners: Vision education and rehabilitation professionals can use the findings to understand the process of accessible indoor navigation and structure lessons accordingly. Developers can improve their products. Both groups can know and understand the indoor wayfinding perceptions and opinions of more than 600 individuals who are legally blind.

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