scholarly journals Can Industrial Restructuring Improve Urban Air Quality?—A Quasi-Experiment in Beijing during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Atmosphere ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 119
Author(s):  
Chenlu Tao ◽  
Zhilin Liao ◽  
Mingxing Hu ◽  
Baodong Cheng ◽  
Gang Diao
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Industrial Structure ◽  
Atmospheric Environment ◽  
Tertiary Industry ◽  
Daily Data ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Secondary Industry ◽  
Surrounding Areas ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Quasi Experiment

The conflict between economic growth and environmental pollution has become a considerable bottleneck to future development throughout the world. The industrial structure may become the possible key factor in resolving the contradiction. Using the daily data of air quality from January to April in 2019 and 2020, we used the DID model to identify the effects of industrial structure on air quality by taking the COVID-19 pandemic as a quasi-experiment. The results show that, first, the impact of profit of the secondary industry on air quality is ten times higher than that of the tertiary industry. Therefore, the secondary industry is the main factor causing air pollution. Second, the effect of the reduction in the secondary industry on the improvement of air quality is better than that of the tertiary industry in Beijing. Therefore, the implementation of Beijing’s non-capital function relief policy is timely and reasonable, and the adjustment of the industrial structure is effective in the improvement of air quality. Third, PM2.5, NO2, and CO are affected by the secondary and tertiary industries, where PM2.5 is affected most seriously by the second industry. Therefore, the transformation from the secondary industry to the tertiary industry can not only solve the problem of unemployment but also relieve the haze. Fourth, the result of O3 is in opposition to other pollutants. The probable reason is that the decrease of PM2.5 would lead to an increase in the O3 concentration. Therefore, it is difficult to reduce O3 concentrationby production limitation and it is urgent to formulate scientific methods to deal with O3 pollution. Fifth, the air quality in the surrounding areas can also influence Beijing. As Hebei is a key area to undertake Beijing’s industry, the deterioration of its air quality would also bring pressure to Beijing’s atmospheric environment. Therefore, in the process of industrial adjustment, the selection of appropriate regions for undertaking industries is very essential, which is worth our further discussion.

scholarly journals Research on the Impact of High-speed Railway on the Industrial Structure Change and Carbon Emission of Chengdu-Chongqing Urban Agglomeration

2021 ◽  
Vol 275 ◽  
pp. 02001
Author(s):  
Jingzhao Ge
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation System ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Carbon Emission ◽  
Industrial Structure ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Urban Agglomeration ◽  
High Speed Rail ◽  
Tertiary Industry ◽  
Secondary Industry ◽  
The Impact

This paper selects the panel data of 16 cities in the Chengdu-Chongqing urban agglomeration from 2005 to 2015, and uses differences-in-differences model to analyze the impact of high-speed railways on the industrial structure and Carbon Emission of the Chengdu-Chongqing urban agglomeration. The results show that the construction of high-speed rail has reduced the proportion of the secondary industry and has a significant role in promoting the development of the tertiary industry. Among them, fixed asset investment increased the proportion of the secondary industry and the tertiary industry, and technology investment decreased the proportion of the secondary industry, and increased the proportion of the tertiary industry, indicating that the improvement of the level of informatization is helpful to the development of the tertiary industry. It is proposed that a more reasonable evaluation system for the economic effects of highspeed rail should be established. At the same time, the impact of high-speed rail construction on the industrial structure is different. When formulating policies, we must not only weigh the spillover effect and siphon effect of high-speed rail, but also give full play to the carbon reduction effect of economic agglomeration.

scholarly journals Modern means of assessing the impact of emergencies on the environmental condition of the ground layer of atmosphere

2021 ◽  
Vol 280 ◽  
pp. 09017
Author(s):  
Anastasiia Turevych ◽  
Svitlana Madzhd ◽  
Larysa Cherniak ◽  
Anatoliy Pavlyuk ◽  
Vincent Ojeh
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Ecological Monitoring ◽  
Hazardous Substances ◽  
Operational Monitoring ◽  
Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Raising Awareness ◽  
Functional Scheme ◽  
Surrounding Areas ◽  
The Impact

The problem of emergencies will not leave humanity as long as it exists, and therefore it is necessary to at least create conditions under which it is possible to reduce the risks of injuries, diseases and deaths of people who are in the emergency zone. This can be achieved by raising awareness of the nature of the emergency, the hazardous substances that are released in connection with it. Theoretical analysis of various remote means of assessing the impact of emergencies of man-made areas on the ecological state of the atmospheric air of the surrounding areas. It has been found that the use of remote sensing equipment greatly simplifies the procedure of operational monitoring of the environment during emergencies, as well as contributes to the health of professionals. A comparison of different remote means of environmental monitoring of air quality was performed: In particular, stationary automatic stations, mobile automatic stations, probes, and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) were compared. It is proposed to use UAVs as remote means of operational monitoring of air quality. The functional scheme of UAV system implementation for the needs of operative ecological monitoring is offered. The legal features of the use of unmanned aerial vehicles as remote means of monitoring air quality during emergencies are analyzed.

scholarly journals Rapid Evaluation of the Effects of Policies Corresponding to Air Quality, Carbon Emissions and Energy Consumption: An Example from Shenzhen, China

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1221
Author(s):  
Shi-Qi Yang ◽  
Jia Xing ◽  
Wen-Ying Chen ◽  
Fen Li ◽  
Yun Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Environmental Science ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Atmospheric Environment ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
So2 Emissions ◽  
Mobile Sources ◽  
Secondary Industry

Efficient environmental policies are necessary in the improvement of air quality and reduction in carbon emissions, and the interactions between policy, activity, emissions, and environment comprise a cycle allowing the evaluation of the effects of implemented policies. Based on the establishment of the connection between environmental parameters and policy context using a quantifiable methodology, in this study, we formulated a rapid and simplified pattern for the evaluation of the effects of policies concerning the atmospheric environment, and applied it to the evaluation and improvement of policies for Carbon dioxide (CO2) reduction and air quality enhancement in the sample city of Shenzhen. The Response Surface Model-Visualization and Analysis Tool (RSM-VAT) in the Air Benefit and Cost and Attainment Assessment System (ABaCAS) was applied as the core tool. The required reductions in Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and Sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions for 2014–2019 are expected to be achieved; however, the expected reductions in Nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions (mainly from road mobile sources) and Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emissions (mainly from secondary industry and road mobile sources) are less certain. According to the simulated concentration of PM2.5 in 2019, it is necessary to reduce the concentrations of air pollutants, both within and outside Shenzhen. The background weather conditions may be the main reason for the increased concentrations of Ozone (O3) in October compared to those in July. Reductions in NOx and VOCs tend to be the main factors driving changes in O3 concentrations. Policies have been formulated and implemented in a wide array of areas. According to the quantitative comparative analysis of the policies, and the relevant activities, the greatest challenge in reducing NOx and VOCs emissions is presented by the oil-powered vehicles in the road mobile sector and organic solvent production in the secondary industry sector. Therefore, in an effort to achieve better air quality and ensure that CO2 emissions reach a peak in Shenzhen by 2025, we propose key improvements in policies based on interdisciplinary cooperation, involving not only atmospheric and environmental science, but also governance and urban planning.

scholarly journals Sustainability and Environmental Inequality: Effects of Animal Husbandry Pollution in China

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (17) ◽  
pp. 4576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yujie Yang ◽  
Weixin Luan ◽  
Yunan Xue
Keyword(s):  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Industrial Structure ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Liaoning Province ◽  
Environmental Inequality ◽  
Unequal Distribution ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
The Impact

Environmental inequality in animal husbandry is an important issue that matters in sustainable livestock production and environmental sustainability. In this context, the objective of this study is to measure and analyze the chemical oxygen demand (COD) discharge inequality from animal husbandry in the Liaoning province in China, as a case study in environmental inequality. Using the pollutant discharge coefficient method and environmental inequality indices, the study looks specifically at the impacts on unequal distribution and unequal economic efficiency in Liaoning in the period 2000 to 2016. The study explores the determinants of COD discharge inequality by constructing panel threshold regression models. The major findings are as follows. First, there is COD discharge inequality in distribution and in economic efficiency in Liaoning, and these were not reduced over time, despite a decline in the absolute quantity of COD discharge after 2013. Second, the impact of COD discharge inequality in economic efficiency lasted longer and was more serious across Liaoning compared with COD discharge inequality in distribution. Third, the quantitative upgrading of the agricultural industrial structure did not significantly reduce COD discharge inequality, and even led to a rise in inequality, especially in terms of economic efficiency. Ultimately, regional economic development turned out to be the key factor in inequality reduction. In addition, improvement in public fiscal support for science and technology also led to greater reduction in inequality.

Research on Relationship between Industrial Structure and Economic Growth: Evidence from Henan Province in China

2011 ◽  
Vol 55-57 ◽  
pp. 709-712
Author(s):  
Shu Hui Liu ◽  
Wu Wei Li
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Industrial Structure ◽  
Henan Province ◽  
Primary Industry ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Tertiary Industry ◽  
Secondary Industry ◽  
Grey Relational ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Important Significance

Based on the statistical data during the period from 2000 to 2008 released by Henan Statistical Bureau in China, this paper applied the grey relational analysis to analyze the relationship between industrial structure including primary industry, secondary industry, tertiary industry and economic growth in Henan province in China. After detailed research, some results have been concluded for Henan province, the first of which is the relationship between industrial structure and economic growth during the period from 2000 to 2008 is very close, and the primary industry is the most important causation that brings about economic growth, the second of which is that tertiary industry played lager important significance than secondary industry during the economic growth in Henan province in China. Research results could provide valuable information for policy makers in government in their efforts to make appropriate economic polices.

scholarly journals The impact of green credit on economic growth—The mediating effect of environment on labor supply

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. e0257612
Author(s):  
Cai Chen ◽  
Yingli Zhang ◽  
Yun Bai ◽  
Wenrui Li
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Labor Supply ◽  
Industrial Structure ◽  
National Level ◽  
Western Region ◽  
Environmental Improvement ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Western Region ◽  
The Impact

Background The progress of green credit in China is accelerating, but its development is uneven and insufficient in different regions. And whether the issuance of green credit can effectively promote the improvement of the environment and economy is not well understood. Objective Previous research has found that green credit promotes economic growth through improvement of the industrial structure and green technological innovation. However, these studies have not considered the positive externality of environmental improvement even though environmental improvement and economic growth are requirements of the sustainable development concept. Methods We use the chain-mediated model to estimate the impact of green credit issuance on the economic growth of different provinces since the large-scale implementation of green credit in China with data from 2008 to 2016. Results and conclusion This paper shows that the issuance of green credit can improve labor supply rather than labor productivity through the improvement of air quality to achieve regional economic growth. Such a chain-mediated path is different from the economic growth caused by industrial structural adjustment and green technology innovation. At the national level, every 1% increase in green credit issuance relative to industrial loans will increase the per capita gross domestic product (GDP) by approximately 4.6 yuan, or 0.012%, through air quality and labor supply, accounting for 2.875% of the total effect. Heterogeneity analysis indicates that due to regional industrial structure differences and diminishing marginal effects, the impact of green credit is stronger in the western region than in the eastern and central regions. For every 1% increase in the proportion of green credit issuance relative to industrial loans, the per capita GDP growth achieved through the chain-mediated path is approximately 30.17 yuan in the western region, approximately 6.6 times greater than that at the national level. Within a 95% confidence interval of 5000 bootstrap samples, this path is found to be true, and the chain-mediated effect accounts for approximately 12.96% of the total indirect effect. Limitations The limitation of this paper is the measurement of green credit. Although green credit has a large volume, it remains underdeveloped, and there is a lack of perfect indicators. Most existing studies have adopted only alternative or reverse indicators to measure the issuance of green credit. For example, this paper takes the interest expenditure of six high-energy-consuming enterprises as the reverse indicator, which may to a certain extent lead to the overestimation of the issuance of green credit and its impact on the environment and economy. Future research can accurately explore the performance of green credit on the basis of its mature development.

Industrial Structure Adjustment of Liuzhou Based on Circular Economy

2010 ◽  
Vol 171-172 ◽  
pp. 27-31
Author(s):  
Guo Dan Lu ◽  
Guan Wen Cheng ◽  
Hong Yuan Fu ◽  
Wen Yuan Wei
Keyword(s):  
Internal Structure ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Industrial Structure ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Tertiary Industry ◽  
High Resource ◽  
Structure Adjustment ◽  
Industrial Structure Adjustment ◽  
Secondary Industry

Circular economy with low consumption, low emission, high efficiency rate of basic features, development of circular economy required to optimize industrial structure adjustment. By analyzing tertiary industries and internal structure of tertiary industries in Liuzhou, preliminary view is large proportion of secondary industry, proportion of tertiary industry is small, development of three industries is uneven; internal structure of primary industry is not quite reasonable, main reason is large intermediate consumption of various industries, agricultural products of unit area yield is low, and development of modern agriculture lags behind, a large proportion of heavy industry in secondary industry, development of light industry lags behind, high resource consumption and pollutant emissions, tertiary industry traditional services industries has some basis, but it grows slowly, and its structure is not quite reasonable, need to be adjusted.

scholarly journals Simulation of the Impact of Urban Forest Scale on PM2.5 and PM10 based on System Dynamics

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (21) ◽  
pp. 5998
Author(s):  
Zhou ◽  
Liu ◽  
Zhou ◽  
Xia
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
System Dynamics ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Urban Forest ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Atmospheric Environment ◽  
Pm2.5 And Pm10 ◽  
The Impact

In the context of ecological civil construction in China, afforestation is highly valued. Planting trees can improve air quality in China's large cities. However, there is a lack of scientific analysis quantifying the impact urban forest scale has on the air quality, and what scale is advisable. The problem still exists of subjective decision-making in afforestation. Similar studies have rarely analyzed the long-term effect research of urban forests on air improvement. Using as an example, the city of Wuhan, this paper identifies the regularity between particulate matter concentration and adsorption of sample leaves, and establishes a system dynamics model of "economy, energy and atmospheric environment.” By combining this regularity with the model, the long-term impact of forest scale on particulate matter and atmospheric environment was simulated. The results show that if the forest coverage rate reaches at least 30%, the annual average concentrations of inhalable particulate matter (PM10) and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) can both reach the Grade I limit of national Ambient Air Quality Standard by 2050. The current forest cover is 22.9% of the administrative area. Increasing the forest cover by 600 km2 would increase this percentage to 30% of the total area. In the long run (by the year 2050), however, we showed that this increase would only reduce the annual concentration of PM2.5 and PM10 by 1–2%. Therefore, about 90% of the concentration reduction would still rely on the traditional emission reduction measures. More other ecological functions of forests should be considered in afforestation plan.

scholarly journals The Effect of Air Pollution on the Healthy Growth of Cities: An Empirical Study of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 3699
Author(s):  
Fan Zhang ◽  
Ning Xu ◽  
Lishuang Wang ◽  
Qiu Tan
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Environmental Governance ◽  
Industrial Structure ◽  
Simultaneous Equation ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Tertiary Industry ◽  
Secondary Industry ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Pm2.5 Concentration

In the context of sustainable development, air pollution poses challenges to the adjustment of the industrial structure in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. In order to explore the relationship between air pollution and urban industrial development, this paper uses a simultaneous equation model to empirically analyze the relationship between PM2.5 concentration and industrial development based on panel data from 2000 to 2017 on the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. The empirical results show that there is a two-way causal relationship between industrial development and air pollution. Secondary industry upgrades to tertiary industry, which will help improve the air quality in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. At the same time, air pollution has a significant adverse effect on the development of secondary industry and tertiary industry. An average increase of 1% in PM2.5 concentration will cause the proportion of secondary industry to increase by about 0.08% to 0.28%, and the proportion of tertiary industry to decrease by about 0.13% to 0.31%. Based on the results of the empirical model, this paper puts forward policy recommendations for environmental governance in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, aiming to achieving healthy development of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region.

DO RECONSTRUCTION INVESTMENTS IMPROVE TECHNOLOGICAL PROGRESS IN AN EARTHQUAKE-STRICKEN AREA? EVIDENCE FROM THE WENCHUAN EARTHQUAKE

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
MILAN DENG ◽  
LIN WANG ◽  
HUI XU ◽  
LONG YIN ◽  
LIFANG HUANG
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Wenchuan Earthquake ◽  
Technological Progress ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Tertiary Industry ◽  
Tfp Growth ◽  
The Wenchuan Earthquake ◽  
Seismic Shock ◽  
Secondary Industry ◽  
The Impact

This study identified the impact of a seismic shock on technological progress in earthquake-stricken areas (ESAs) using a synthetic control method. Technological progress was measured using the total factor productivity (TFP) and the TFP growth rate. The ESAs after the Wenchuan Earthquake in China were used as an empirical case study; the Solow residual model was used to assess the TFP and the TFP growth rate in 16 districts. Counter-factual dynamics for the ESAs were constructed to exclude the effect of the macro-economy. The research findings indicate that technological progress in the ESAs after the Wenchuan Earthquake improved as a result of reconstruction investments. However, there were differences in the speed of technological progress between ESAs. These differences may be attributed to the differences in the industrial characteristics between ESAs. The study concludes that the technological progress of the secondary industry, such as the manufacturing industry and building industry, is more resilient. This refers to the capacity to resist economic losses after the seismic shock, compared to the tertiary industry, such as the service industry and tourist industry. However, there was a larger long-term advancement in the technological progress in the tertiary industry compared to the secondary industry after the earthquake. With this understanding, ESA governments can implement appropriate strategies to meet both short-term needs and sustainable economic growth.

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