A Comparison of Laboratory Analysis Methods for Total Phenolic Content of Cider

Total phenolic content is widely accepted as a key measure of quality for cider. Apple juice and cider, made from six apple varieties including dessert and cider apples, were analysed for total phenolics using three different methods: (a) the Folin-Ciocalteu method, (b) the Somers method (a spectrophotometric method developed specifically for wine), and (c) ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) as a benchmark test. Of these approaches, the Somers method had the strongest correlation with UPLC with an R2 value of 0.99, whilst the Folin-Ciocalteu correlated with UPLC with an R2 value of 0.89. The Folin-Ciocalteu method also had a strong positive correlation with the Somers approach with an R2 value of 0.91. Correlations between methods were strongest for apple varieties that were naturally high in phenolic content. These results highlight the potential of the Somers method to rapidly, inexpensively, and accurately report the total phenolic content of apple juice and ciders made from dessert and cider apple varieties.

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Anthocyanin Pigment and Total Phenolic Content of Three Vaccinium Species Native to the Pacific Northwest of North America

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.39.5.959 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 39 (5) ◽

pp. 959-964 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Jungmin Lee ◽

Chad E. Finn ◽

Ronald E. Wrolstad

Keyword(s):

Pacific Northwest ◽

Total Phenolic Content ◽

High Performance ◽

Phenolic Content ◽

Total Phenolics ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Anthocyanin Content ◽

Anthocyanin Pigment ◽

Total Anthocyanin ◽

Total Anthocyanins

The total anthocyanin and total phenolic content of wild (samples from 4 populations) and cultivated (samples from 32 populations) Pacific Northwestern American Vaccinium species (V. membranaceum, V. ovalifolium, and V. deliciosum) were evaluated. The total monomeric anthocyanin content of all huckleberry samples analyzed ranged from 101 to 400 mg/100 g (expressed as cyanidin-3-glucoside), and the total phenolics varied from 367 to 1286 mg/100 g (expressed as gallic acid). Cluster analysis separated the samples into four different groups based on their anthocyanin and total phenolic content. Two groups had greater anthocyanin pigment and total phenolics; one consisted entirely of cultivated V. ovalifolium (LIG10, VAC485, VAC487, LIG33, LIG9, LIG2, and VAC349) and the other consisted of just cultivated V. membranaceum (LIG25). Significant variations in total anthocyanins, total phenolics, and the ratio of the total anthocyanins and total phenolics were observed among the different V. membranaceum, V. ovalifolium, and V. deliciosum populations cultivated in the Willamette Valley, Ore. The profile of the individual anthocyanins of the wild V. membranaceum, wild V. ovalifolium, and V. corymbosum `Rubel' were conducted by high-performance liquid chromatography. The chromatograms of V. membranaceum, V. ovalifolium, and `Rubel' were distinctly different in the amounts of delphinidin, cyanidin, and malvidin glycosides.

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Bio-Functional and Structural Properties of Pasta Enriched with a Debranning Fraction from Purple Wheat

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods9020163 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 163 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Parisa Abbasi Parizad ◽

Mauro Marengo ◽

Francesco Bonomi ◽

Alessio Scarafoni ◽

Cristina Cecchini ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽

Liquid Chromatography ◽

High Performance ◽

Phenolic Content ◽

Total Phenolics ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Inflammatory Stimuli ◽

Before And After ◽

Biological Tests ◽

Pilot Plant Scale

A colored and fiber-rich fraction from the debranning of purple wheat was incorporated at 25% into semolina- and flour-based pasta produced on a pilot-plant scale, with the aim of increasing anthocyanin and total phenolic content with respect to pasta obtained from whole pigmented grains. The debranning fraction impaired the formation of disulfide-stabilized protein networks in semolina-based systems. Recovery of phenolics was impaired by the pasta making process, and cooking decreased the phenolic content in both enriched samples. Cooking-related losses in anthocyanins and total phenolics were similar, but anthocyanins in the cooked semolina-based pasta were around 20% of what was expected from the formulation. HPLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography) profiling of phenolics was carried out on extracts from either type of enriched pasta both before and after cooking and indicate possible preferential retention of specific compounds in each type of enriched pasta. Extracts from cooked samples of either enriched pasta were tested as inhibitors of enzymes involved in glucose metabolism and uptake, as well as for their capacity of suppressing the response to inflammatory stimuli. Results of both biological tests indicate that the phenolics in extracts from both cooked pasta samples had inhibitory capacities higher than extracts of the original debranning fraction at identical concentrations of total bioactives.

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Leaf Phenolic Variation Within Apple Tree Canopies

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.32.4.596e ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 32 (4) ◽

pp. 596E-596

Author(s):

M. Elena Garcia ◽

C.R. Rom ◽

J.B. Murphy ◽

K. Kugler

Keyword(s):

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Total Phenolic Content ◽

Apple Tree ◽

Phenolic Content ◽

Total Phenolics ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Limiting Factor ◽

Leaf Position ◽

Total N ◽

Tree Canopies

Light is important in the production of phenolic compounds because key enzymes in phenolic biosynthesis are induced by light, and because products of photosynthesis are used in the synthesis of phenolic compounds. It is known that light intensity decreases with increasing depth in apple tree canopies. The objective of this experiment was to determine how leaf position on a limb affects the total foliar phenolic content. Leaves from `Stark Spur Supreme Red Delicious' on C6 and M26 rootstocks were collected on 28 July and 2 Aug. 1996. Each tree was divided into two sides, east and west. Each side was divided into 3 areas; exterior, middle, and interior. From each area, leaves were collected and PAR, SLW, assimilation, total N, and total phenolics were measured. Leaf position on a limb was a significant parameter for all of the measured variables. PAR, SLW, assimilation, total N, and total phenolics were highest in leaves at the exterior of the canopy. The total foliar phenolic content of the exterior canopy leaves was 20% higher than that found in the interior canopy leaves. There was a significant correlation between SLW and total phenolic content/cm2(r2 = 0.77; P < 0.05). Assimilation may be a limiting factor in phenolics production in apple trees because of the correlation between assimilation and total phenolic content/cm2 (r2=0.56, P < 0.05).

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Assessment of total phenolic content and antioxidant potentiality of selected Indian folk medicinal plants by spectrophotometric method

Plant Science Today ◽

10.14719/pst.2020.7.3.765 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 383-390

Author(s):

Satish Dubey ◽

Kundan Ojha ◽

Jagriti Chandrakar ◽

Rashmi Dehariya ◽

Shilpa Vinodia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Free Radical ◽

Medicinal Plants ◽

Spectrophotometric Method ◽

Total Phenolic Content ◽

Phenolic Content ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Free Radical Scavenging ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Leaf Extracts

Natural antioxidant capacity of five important folk medicinal plants measured in vitro. Total phenolic content (TPC), flavonoid content (FC) and free radical scavenging capacity of ethanolic, methanolic and aqueous leaf extracts of Lippia alba (LA), Annona squamosa (AS), Hyptis suaveolens (HS), Commiphora wightii (CW) and Milletia pinnata (MP) was assessed using spectrophotometric method. Folin ciocalteu and aluminium chloride method employed to optimise TPC and FC. Free radical scavenging potentiality of leaf extracts was assessed using Ferrous ion chelation (FIC), 2, 2'-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH•) scavenging, Hydroxyl (OH•) radical scavenging (HRS) and Superoxide (O- 2) radical scavenging (SRS) methods. Results revealed that the TPC (96.22±5.85 to 519.23±34.90 ?g GAE/gm dry weight) were found significant in aqueous extracts from all the plants except AS (p<0.05). For FC (?g QCE/gm dry weight), ethanol was found optimum for LA (463.94±6.49), CW (289.99±2.70) and MP (347.47±4.50) whereas, aqueous was found more appropriate for rest two plants were found significant instead of ethanol and methanol (all p<0.05). The lowest IC50 (?g/ml) were recorded from A. squamosa (27.72±8.95), H. suaveolens (27.78±0.88), C. wightii (27.18±0.16) and M. pinnata (27.30±0.03). All plants have reflected a high antioxidant capacity; however, the highest antioxidant activity was reported from ethanolic extract of H. suaveolens followed by L. alba, A. squamosa, C. wightii and M. pinnata. Hence, these studies show that all folk medicinal plants contain potential antioxidant bioactive compounds.

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EFFECT OF MATURITY STAGES AND SOLVENT POLARITY ON PHENOLIC CONTENT AND ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY OF GUAVA CULTIVARS

PLANT ARCHIVES ◽

10.51470/plantarchives.2021.v21.no1.035 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (no 1) ◽

Author(s):

Surabhi Shukla ◽

Radha Kushwaha ◽

Monika Singh ◽

Jyotsana Singh ◽

Vinita Puranik ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Total Phenolic Content ◽

Phenolic Content ◽

Total Phenolics ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Solvent Polarity ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Maturity Stages ◽

Ripening Stages

Tropical fruits claim to have phenolic compounds that have been reported to possess strong antioxidant activity. The study investigatedantioxidant activity and total phenolic content of five Guava cultivars namely Allahabad Safeda, Allahabad Surkha, Lalit, Chittidar and Apple color harvested at three fruit ripening stages (unripe, semi-ripe and ripe) and extracted by four solvents (ethanol, methanol, acetone and water) with different polarities (50%, 70% and 100%).The findings suggest that guava cultivars with maturity stages and extracting solvent affected its phenolic content and antioxidant activity significantly. Pure solvents were inefficient extraction medium for antioxidants. Enhanced extraction yields were obtained from solvent containing higher water concentrations and 50% ethanol is a recommended solvent for extracting antioxidants compounds from guava fruit. High correlations between phenolic compositions and antioxidant activities of guava extracts were observed. The total phenolics and antioxidant capacity decreases as the ripening proceeds (unripe>semi-ripe>ripe) in all five cultivars.This study facilitates information on the total phenolic content and antioxidant capacities of guava cultivars which is an important commercial fruit. Results obtained showed that solvent polarities and ripening stages played the major role in extraction of ployphenolics from Guava. The significant declines in the levels of total phenolics and antioxidant capacity during fruit development suggest that the unripe fruits can also be taken for processing into nutraceutical foods.

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Impact of Two Different Methods of Extraction on Total Antioxidant Activity and Phenolic Content in an Uncommon Plant (Sansevieria trifasciata) and Commonly Consumed Fruits

FLORA AND FAUNA ◽

10.33451/florafauna.v27i1pp35-41 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Vandana Dohre ◽

Surabhi Yadav

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Total Phenolic Content ◽

Phenolic Content ◽

Fruit Juices ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Strong Positive Correlation ◽

Total Antioxidant Activity ◽

Fruit Extracts ◽

Indian Gooseberry ◽

Total Antioxidant

To determine and compare total antioxidant activity (TAA) and phenolic content (TPC) of Sansevieria trifasciata leaves’ extract with different fruits’ extract (Guava, Indian plum and Indian gooseberry) and fruit juices (Pomelo, Orange, and Beetroot) on the basis of two extraction methods, total phenolic content and antioxidant activity were analysed by Folin-Ciocalteu’s and Phosphomolybdate assay, respectively and expressed as equivalent to catechin. The extraction process of selected samples was done by using both decoction extraction method (DEM) and microwave-assisted method (MAE) of water solvent. Among both techniques of extractions, MAE exhibited significantly higher TPC and TAA than DEM. Compared to Sansevieria trifasciata plant extracts, there was a strong positive correlation coefficient (á<0.05) between the total phenolic contents and antioxidant activities of different fruit juices and fruit extracts in both the classical (DEM) and modern (MAE) techniques. Sansevieria trifasciata possesses a considerable amount of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity concerning different fruit juices and fruit extracts which directly associated with health-promoting potential and appears as possible drug development for antioxidant. Among all extract and juices, Indian gooseberry possesses the greatest total phenolic content and antioxidant activity due to its higher TPC.

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KANDUNGAN GIZI, RENDEMEN TEPUNG, DAN KADAR FENOL TOTAL ALPUKAT (Persea americana, Mill) VARIETAS I JO PANJANG DAN I JO BUNDAR

Jurnal Agritech ◽

10.22146/agritech.10683 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 36 (01) ◽

pp. 48

Author(s):

Wuri Marsigit ◽

Mary Astuti ◽

Sri Anggrahini ◽

Sri Naruki

Keyword(s):

Vitamin A ◽

Vitamin C ◽

Total Phenolic Content ◽

Phenolic Content ◽

Total Phenolics ◽

Persea Americana ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Titration Method ◽

Phenolics Content ◽

Aas Method

The aims of the study were to determine pulp proportion, dried pulp rendement, nutrient dan total phenolic contentavocado variety of Ijo Panjang dan Ijo Bundar. Variety of Ijo Panjang and Ijo Bundar were selected because both of varieties were categorized as excelent varities and recomendedto develop in Indonesia. Water, carbohydrate, protein, fat dan ash content were determined by using proxymate analysis (AOAC), vitamin A dan E using spectrophotometry method, vitamin C using titration method, dan minerals using AAS method. Total phenolic content were determined by using Follin-Cialcetau method. The result of the studies found that pulp portion Ijo Bundar Variety higher than Ijo Panjang. Water content dan zinc of Ijo Panjang variety higher than Ijo Bundar. Dried pulp rendement of Ijo Bundar higher than Ijo Panjang. Protein, fat, ash, minerals (Fe, Na, K dan P) avocado variety of Ijo Bundar higher than Ijo Panjang. Magnesium dan mangan content of both varieties have not significant different. Total phenolic content of pulp dan dried pulp were higher in Ijo Bundar than Ijo Bundar.Keywords: Pulp proportion, dried pulp rendement, nutrients dan total phenolics content ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui proporsi daging buah, rendemen tepung, kandungan gizi dan fenol totalalpukat varietas Ijo Panjang dan Ijo Bundar. Pemilihan kedua varietas tersebut karena merupakan varietas unggul dan direkomendasikan untuk dikembangkan di Indonesia. Kandungan, air, karbohidat, protein, lemak dan abu dilakukan dengan analisis proksimat (AOAC), kandungan vitamin A dan E dengan metode spektrofotometri dan vitamin C dengan metode titrasi, analisis mineral dengan metode AAS. Total fenol dianalisis dengan metode Folin-Ciocalteu. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa proporsi daging buah, kadar air, seng varietas Ijo Panjang lebih tinggi dibandingkan Ijo Bundar. Rendemen tepung alpukat lebih tinggi pada varietas Ijo Bundar. Kandungan protein, lemak, abu, vitamin (A,E dan C), mineral (Fe, Na, K, P) lebih tinggi pada varietas Ijo Bundar. Kandungan magnesium dan mangan tidak terdapat perbedaan signifikan kedua varietas. Fenol total daging buah dan tepung alpukat lebih tinggi pada varietas Ijo Bundar dibandingkan Ijo Panjang.Kata kunci: Prorporsi daging buah, rendemen tepung, kandungan gizi, fenol total

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Evaluation of total phenolics, antioxidant and antiproliferative activities of rhizome extracts from select Zingiberaceae species in South India

International Journal of Phytomedicine ◽

10.5138/09750185.1893 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 337

Author(s):

Soumya Tumbath ◽

Lakshmipriya Theyyankandi ◽

Jayasree Pullampara Rajamma ◽

Manish Kumar Panickassery Ramakrishnan

Keyword(s):

Organic Solvent ◽

Total Phenolic Content ◽

Phenolic Content ◽

Total Phenolics ◽

Human Cancer ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Human Cancer Cell Lines ◽

Dpph Scavenging Activity ◽

Dpph Scavenging

Zingiberaceae family members are well known for their ethnobotanical diversity and medicinal importance. This study aimed to evaluate total phenolic content, antioxidant and antiproliferative capacity of five different organic solvent extracts prepared from the rhizomes of Curcuma mutabilis (CM), Curcuma haritha (CH), Curcuma neilgherrensis (CN) and Zingiber anamalayanum (ZA), four hitherto unexplored Zingiberaceae species. Folin-Ciocalteu method and DPPH radical scavenging assay were used to determine respectively the total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity. The antiproliferative activity of the extracts were tested against four human cancer cell lines – K562, REH, Nalm6 and MCF7 to ascertain the IC50 values. Based on total phenolic content, extracts were classified into high-H (> 150 mg GAE/g), medium-M (50-150 mg GAE/g) and low-L (< 50 mg GAE/g) categories. Likewise, percentages of DPPH scavenging activity of extracts were also grouped into high-H (> 50%), medium-M (25 – 50%) and low-L (< 25%) categories. Ten of the twenty extracts exhibited strong cytotoxicity with an IC50 value less than 30 μg/mL. To our knowledge, this is the first report on quantitative assessment of total phenolics, antioxidant and antiproliferative potential of organic solvent extracts of rhizomes from the above mentioned plants.

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Antioxidant and Phenolic Changes Across One Harvest Season and Two Storage Conditions in Primocane Raspberries (Rubus idaeus L.) Grown in a Hot, Dry Climate

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.46.2.236 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 46 (2) ◽

pp. 236-239 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Brenner L. Freeman ◽

Janet C. Stocks ◽

Dennis L. Eggett ◽

Tory L. Parker

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Total Phenolic Content ◽

Phenolic Content ◽

Total Phenolics ◽

Storage Conditions ◽

Oxygen Radical ◽

Rubus Idaeus ◽

Moisture Loss ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Dry Conditions

Antioxidant phytochemical differences among cultivars and changes after storage have not been explored in primocane raspberries grown in a hot, dry climate. It was hypothesized that significant differences would be detected in total phenolics and antioxidant capacity [oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC)] between cultivars and over time. ‘Autumn Bliss’ had the highest ORAC and phenolic content, whereas ‘Caroline’ had the lowest ORAC and phenolic content when fresh. Averaging all cultivars and pickings, refrigerated berries had a significantly higher total phenolic content than fresh or frozen berries, although some moisture loss occurred during standard refrigeration. Antioxidant capacity and total phenolic content of primocane raspberries grown in hot, dry conditions vary between cultivars, on average do not change significantly after storage, are higher later in the season, and are higher than supermarket cultivars.

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Shading and Leaf Age Effects on Total Phenolic Content and Specific Leaf Weight of Apple

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.32.3.507c ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 32 (3) ◽

pp. 507C-507

Author(s):

M.E. Garcia ◽

C.R. Rom ◽

J.B. Murphy

Keyword(s):

Malus Domestica ◽

Total Phenolic Content ◽

Phenolic Content ◽

Total Phenolics ◽

Leaf Age ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Specific Leaf Weight ◽

Leaf Weight ◽

Leaf Developmental Stage ◽

All Treatment

The effects of shading and leaf age on the production of foliar phenolics of two apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) cultivars, `Liberty' and `Red Rome Beauty', were studied. Potted trees were grown outdoors and their leaves tagged weekly when they reached 20 mm in length. This process continued for the duration of the experiment. At 3 weeks from budbreak, the trees were placed in three shade treatments: 0% shade (control), 60% shade, and 90% shade. After 5 weeks, the leaves were collected for phenolic assay. Specific leaf weight (SLW) was determined from the leaf below the tagged leaf. Shade significantly affected the total phenolic content. Leaves in 0% shade had the highest levels of total phenolics. The phenolic content decreased with increasing shade, with trees in 90% shade having a 72% reduction in total phenolics. There was a significant shade by leaf age interaction. There was a decrease in total phenolic content with increasing leaf age except for those leaves whose development occurred before the experiment was started. The 1-week-old leaf had the highest phenolic content, while 4-week-old leaf had the lowest amount. The 5- and 6-week-old leaves that had been tagged prior to the onset of the shade treatments has similar phenolic content in all treatment. SLW significantly decreased with increasing shade and increased with leaf age. Results of this study indicate that light and leaf developmental stage are important factors in the total foliar phenolic content, but, once phenolics are synthesized, shading does not affect their content.

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