scholarly journals Protein Expression Level Changes in Weissella koreensis during Garlic Media Fermentation

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 478
Author(s):  
Youn-Jin Park ◽  
Myoung-Jun Jang
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Protein Expression Level ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
The Media ◽  
Dimensional Electrophoresis ◽  
Mrs Medium

This study investigated the changes in Weissella koreensis (WK) protein expression levels during fermentation in MRS medium supplemented with garlic of WK. WK was first discovered as lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in a Korean fermented cabbage dish known as kimchi. The number of WK cells in MRS medium with garlic (MBCG) and without (MB) after 7 days was 3.55 × 1010 and 2.55 × 1010 CFU/mL, respectively. To observe the changes in the carbon sources in the media, we measured the glucose, sucrose, lactic acid, and acetic acid levels in each medium (MB and MBCG). Thus, 67.2 ± 2.4 (MB) and 64.2 ± 4.7 (MBCG) mmol−1 of glucose were consumed. For sucrose, the level was 3.5 ± 2.2 (MB), and 3.4 ± 2.5 (MBCG) mmol−1. There was not much difference in the lactic acid and acetic acid levels at 160.8 ± 0.4 (MB) and 159.2 ± 0.2 (MBCG) and 2.4 ± 0.4 (MB) and 2.2 ± 8.1 (MBCG) mmol−1, respectively. After the 7-day fermentation period, two-dimensional electrophoresis (2DE) was used to confirm the protein expression pattern in the WK strain. The results show that the fusA and ssb1 proteins were reduced, and the clpP protein was increased. Afterwards, the expression patterns of the above proteins were confirmed through qRT-PCR. Thus, this study confirms the changes in protein expression levels in Weissella koreensis when garlic was added to the media. This study provides basic data for future studies on the major biosynthetic pathways of WK.

scholarly journals Neudesin Neurotrophic Factor Promotes Bovine Preadipocyte Differentiation and Inhibits Myoblast Myogenesis

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaotong Su ◽  
Yaning Wang ◽  
Anqi Li ◽  
Linsen Zan ◽  
Hongbao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Neurotrophic Factor ◽  
Muscle Development ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Marker Genes ◽  
Qinchuan Cattle ◽  
Preadipocyte Differentiation ◽  
Expression Levels

Neudesin neurotrophic factor (NENF) is a secreted protein that is essential in multiple biological processes, including neural functions, adipogenesis, and tumorigenesis. In our previous study, NENF was significantly inhibited in the bovine adipocytes-myoblasts co-culture system. However, studies on NENF regulation of bovine muscle development and involvement in the cross-talk between adipose tissue and skeletal muscle have not been reported. Hence, the aim of this study was to clarify the functional roles of NENF in bovine preadipocytes and myoblasts. Real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) was performed to examine the spatial expression patterns of NENF in different tissues, and the results showed that NENF was highly expressed in the muscle of four-day-old and 24-month-old Qinchuan cattle. Compared with four-day-old Qinchuan cattle, the expression level of NENF was significantly up-regulated in 24-month-old bovine adipose tissue. To explore the roles of NENF in bovine myoblast and preadipocyte differentiation, small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting the NENF gene were transfected into bovine preadipocytes and myoblasts to knock down the expression of the NENF gene. The results showed that the knockdown of NENF in differentiating adipocytes attenuated lipid accumulation, decreased the mRNA expression of adipogenic key marker genes PPARγ, CEBPα, CEBPβ, FASN, and SCD1, and decreased the protein expression of PPARγ, CEBPα, and FASN. The formation of myotubes was significantly accelerated, and the mRNA expression levels of myogenic marker genes MYOD1, MYF5, MYF6, MEF2A, MEF2C, and CKM, and the protein expression levels of MYOD1, MYF6, MEF2A, and CKM were up-regulated in myoblasts where NENF was knocked down. In short, the knockdown of NENF inhibited preadipocyte differentiation and promoted myoblast myogenesis.

scholarly journals Non-monotonic cellular responses to heterogeneity in talin protein expression-level

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 1171-1185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexa Kiss ◽  
Xiaowei Gong ◽  
Jacob M. Kowalewski ◽  
Hamdah Shafqat-Abbasi ◽  
Staffan Strömblad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Expression ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Cellular Responses ◽  
Expression Level ◽  
Live Migration ◽  
Protein Expression Level ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Correlative Imaging

Correlative imaging in single-cells of both live migration and post-fixation talin-labeling revealed non-monotonic correspondences between cellular properties and talin expression-levels.

scholarly journals Uji Daya Hidup Bakteri Asam Laktat Dari Usus Itik Pada Media Tumbuh Dengan Penambahan Variasi Konsentrasi Molasis

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rudy Sutrisna ◽  
Christina Nugroho Ekowati ◽  
Riska Damayanti
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Population Size ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Concentration Variation ◽  
The Media ◽  
And Control ◽  
Mrs Medium

This study aims to determine differences in the viability of Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) isolates on MRS medium supplemented with various concentrations molasses. Concentration variation molasis used as controls were 0%, 1%, 2% and 3%. Variation of time incubation on each of the media that is 0 hours, 24 hours, 48 hours and 72 hours. The viability of each isolate was viewed with the population of Log (cells/ml) which grow on the medium and the number of generations and time of generations. The results showed that the concentration molasses added to MRS affect the viability of LAB. Concentration of 1% makes LAB better viability than controls. Total population continues to increase at the end of the incubation with a yield of 1.17 generations in time 20.46 hours/generation. In contrast to controls, reduced population size at the end of the incubation so as not to produce a generation. LAB viability in addition molasses 2% and 3% live on 48 hours of incubation. This is indicated by the number of population increased at 48 hours of incubation, and then decreased at the end of incubation. The addition of concentration variation in the types of bacteria showed different viability. At B1 adding molasses 2% and 3% live on 48 hours of incubation and control can only live on a 24 hours incubation, whereas the B3, the control can remain alive at 48 hours of incubation. In contrast to the controls on B4 can survive on 48 hours of incubation, whereas the addition of 3% molasses can only live on a 24 hours incubation. Key words : Lactic Acid Bacteria/LAB, Molasses,  Viability

Dynamin 3 Is Differentially Expressed during Human Megakaryocyte Development.

Blood ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 108 (11) ◽  
pp. 4162-4162
Author(s):  
Jo Anna Reems ◽  
Wenjing Wang ◽  
Ken Tsubata ◽  
Birgitta Sundell ◽  
Diana M. Gilligan
Keyword(s):  
Protein Expression ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Membrane Dynamics ◽  
Relative Mobility ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Cdna Microarray Analysis ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Human Cd34 ◽  
Indirect Immunofluorescent ◽  
Platelet Formation

Abstract We found that expression of dynamin 3 (DNM3) is increased significantly when human CD34+/CD38lo cells are induced to develop along the megakaryocyte (MK) lineage. DNM3 is a member of a family of mechanochemical enzymes which participate in membrane dynamics. Of the 3 family members (DNM1, DNM2 and DNM3), cDNA microarray analysis showed that only DNM3 significantly increased by 9.5±1.8-fold (mean±SEM; p≤0.001). mRNAs for DNM1 and DNM2 were detectable, but their expression levels remained essentially unchanged during MK differentiation. Consistent with our microarray data, real time quantitative RT-PCR confirmed that DNM3 expression levels increased by as much as 20.0±7.3 fold during megakaryocytopoiesis. Western Blot analysis showed that protein expression patterns for each of the 3 dynamins differ in MKs/platelets. DNM3 protein expression levels are greater in MKs than in platelets. DNM1 was not detectable in MKs, but was present in platelets. Although DNM2 protein was detectable in both MKs and platelets, the relative mobility for DNM2 was slightly lower in platelets than MKs. Indirect immunofluorescent microscopy showed that DNM3 was predominantly in the cytoplasm with localization to sites that appear to be regions of pro-platelet formation. The cDNA encoding DNM3 was amplified from culture derived human MKs, cloned and sequenced. Sequence analysis revealed that the cloned product matched a DNM3 transcriptional splice variant in the Ensemble Human GeneView database (i.e. ENST00000367731). Together these results are the first evidence indicating that members of the dynamin family of mechanochemical proteins are present in human MKs and suggest that they may play an important role in MK membrane dynamics.

scholarly journals A new pathological classification of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma according to protein expression of SSTR2 and Bcl2

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shoko Yamashita ◽  
Yuji Morine ◽  
Satoru Imura ◽  
Tetsuya Ikemoto ◽  
Yu Saito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Expression ◽  
Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma ◽  
Clinical Stage ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Somatostatin Receptor ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Cell Leukemia ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
B Cell Leukemia

Abstract Background No universal classification method for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (IHCC) has been reported based on the embryological origin of biliary epithelial cells. The aim of this study was to classify IHCC according to protein expression levels of somatostatin receptor 2 (SSTR2) and b-cell leukemia/lymphoma 2 (Bcl2) and to elucidate the clinicopathological features of each group. Methods Fifty-two IHCC patients who underwent hepatic resection were enrolled in this study. Protein expression levels of SSTR2 and Bcl2 were examined using immunohistochemistry. Clinicopathological factors were compared between the three groups and prognostic factors were investigated. Results The patients were divided into three groups: SSTR2 positive and Bcl2 negative (p-Group H, n = 21), SSTR2 negative and Bcl2 positive (p-Group P, n = 14), and the indeterminate group (p-Group U, n = 17) for cases where SSTR2 and Bcl2 were both positive or both negative. All p-Group P cases displayed curability A or B. The 5-year survival rates of p-Group H and U patients were worse than those in p-Group P. p-Group H had higher T-factor, clinical stage, and incidence of periductal infiltration than p-Group P. Conclusions This method could be used to classify IHCC into peripheral and perihilar type by embryological expression patterns of SSTR2 and Bcl2.

scholarly journals Comparative Studies of Inhibitory and Antioxidant Activities, and Organic Acids Compositions of Postbiotics Produced by Probiotic Lactiplantibacillus plantarum Strains Isolated From Malaysian Foods

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Mei Chang ◽  
Hooi Ling Foo ◽  
Teck Chwen Loh ◽  
Eric Teik Chung Lim ◽  
Nur Elina Abdul Mutalib
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Organic Acid ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Caproic Acid ◽  
Functional Characteristics ◽  
Mrs Medium ◽  
Fermentation Media

Despite inflammation being a protective natural defense against imbalance stressors in the body, chronic inflammation could lead to the deterioration of immune response, low production, and poor performance in livestock as well as severe economic losses to the farmers. Postbiotics produced by Lactiplantibacillus plantarum has been reported recently to be a natural source of antioxidant, promoting growth performance, anti-inflammation, and immune responses. However, the effects of fermentation media on the compositions of L. plantarum postbiotic have not been reported elsewhere. Hence, a comparative study was conducted to compare the volatile compounds, organic acid composition, and antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of postbiotics produced by six strains of L. plantarum cultivated by using formulated media and the commercial de Man, Rogosa, and Sharpe (MRS) medium as a control. Postbiotics RG14, RI11, and UL4 produced by using formulated media exhibited higher inhibitory activity against Pediococcus acidilactici 446, Escherichia coli E-30, Salmonella enterica CS3, and vancomycin-resistant Enterococci except for Listeria monocytogenes LS55. As for the antioxidant activity, hydroxyl radical scavenging activity was enhanced in formulated media, whereas reducing power activity was the highest in postbiotic RI11. Three organic acids, namely, acetic acid, caproic acid, and lactic acid, were detected in the postbiotic produced by various L. plantarum strains. The concentration of acetic acid was influenced by the fermentation media, whereas caproic acid was detected as the highest in postbiotic RG11. Lactic acid was the predominant compound detected in all the postbiotics and had the significantly highest concentration in postbiotic RS5 when produced by using the MRS medium. Intermediary and pyrrole compounds were the other main compounds that were detected by using GC-MS. Positive correlations were found between organic acid production and inhibitory activity, as well as antioxidant activity exhibited by postbiotics. In conclusion, the compositions and functional characteristics of postbiotics produced by the six strains of L. plantarum were strain-dependent and affected greatly by the fermentation medium. The effects of postbiotic composition on the functional characteristics of postbiotics were elucidated in this study to warrant their applications as a promising beneficial natural growth promoter for the livestock industry.

scholarly journals Dehydroepiandrosterone-Regulated Testosterone Biosynthesis via Activation of the ERK1/2 Signaling Pathway in Primary Rat Leydig Cells

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 1778-1792 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Liu ◽  
Jian Kang ◽  
Xiao Ding ◽  
Di Chen ◽  
Yingqiao Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Expression ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Leydig Cells ◽  
Expression Level ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Protein Expression Level ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Creb Protein ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Testosterone Biosynthesis

Background: Dehydroepiandrosterone decreases with age and this reduction has been shown to be associated with physical health in human. Some studies have suggested that the effects of DHEA are exerted after it is biotransformed into more biologically-active hormones in peripheral target cells. This study investigated the effects of DHEA on the testosterone biosynthesis and possible signaling pathway mechanism underlying these DHEA effects were also explored in primary rat Leydig cells. Methods: Primary Leydig cells were treated with DHEA and then detected testosterone content by RIA and steroidogenic enzymes, ERK1/2 signal pathway factors protein expression level by Western blot. Results: Incubation of primary Leydig cells with DHEA significantly increased testosterone content and 3β-HSD and 17β-HSD protein expression levels, while aromatase protein expression levels were decreased. Compared with the control group, p-ERK1/2 and p-CREB protein levels were significantly increased in DHEA-treated groups. Testosterone content was significantly decreased in the DHEA-treated group pre-incubated with U0126 (p-ERK1/2 inhibitor). Additionally, the rise in p-ERK1/2, 3β-HSD and 17β-HSD protein levels induced by DHEA was reversed when cells were pre-incubated with U0126. Interestingly, no significant difference was found in aromatase protein expression level in cells pretreated with U0126. Conclusion: These findings demonstrate that (a) exogenous DHEA might preferentially convert to testosterone rather than estradiol due to the up-regulation of 3β-HSD and 17β-HSD protein levels and the down-regulation of aromatase protein level in primary Leydig cells, and (b) the action of DHEA is at least partly associated with the elevation of p-ERK1/2 and p-CREB protein levels.

scholarly journals A New Pathological Classification of Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma from an Embryological Viewpoint

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shoko Yamashita ◽  
Yuji Morine ◽  
Satoru Imura ◽  
Tetsuya Ikemoto ◽  
Yu Saito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Expression ◽  
Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma ◽  
Clinical Stage ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Somatostatin Receptor ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Negative Group ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
B Cell Leukemia

Abstract Background: No universal classification method for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (IHCC) has been reported based on the embryological origin of biliary epithelial cells. The aim of this study was to classify IHCC according to protein expression levels of somatostatin receptor 2 (SSTR2) and b-cell leukemia/lymphoma 2 (Bcl2) and to elucidate the clinicopathological features of each group.Methods: Fifty-two IHCC patients who underwent hepatic resection were enrolled in this study. Protein expression levels of SSTR2 and Bcl2 were examined using immunohistochemistry. Clinicopathological factors were compared between the three groups and prognostic factors were investigated. Results: The patients were divided into three groups: SSTR2 positive and Bcl2 negative (Group H, n=21), SSTR2 negative and Bcl2 positive (Group P, n=14), and the indeterminate group (Group U, n=17) for cases where SSTR2 and Bcl2 were both positive or both negative. All Group P cases displayed curability A or B. The 5-year survival rates of Group H and U patients were worse than those in Group P. Group H had higher T-factor, clinical stage, and incidence of periductal infiltration than Group P.Conclusions:This method could be used to classify IHCC into peripheral and perihilar type by embryological expression patterns of SSTR2 and Bcl2.

scholarly journals Mice carrying a humanized Foxp2 knock-in allele show region-specific shifts of striatal Foxp2 expression levels

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Schreiweis ◽  
T Irinopoulou ◽  
B Vieth ◽  
L Laddada ◽  
F Oury ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Gene Dosage ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Striatal Neurons ◽  
Speech And Language ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Specific Trait ◽  
Human Specific

ABSTRACTGenetic and clinical studies of speech and language disorders are providing starting points to unravel underlying neurobiological mechanisms. The gene encoding the transcription factor FOXP2 has been the first example of a gene involved in the development and evolution of this human-specific trait. A number of autosomal-dominant FOXP2 mutations are associated with developmental speech and language deficits indicating that gene dosage plays an important role in the disorder. Comparative genomics studies suggest that two human-specific amino acid substitutions in FOXP2 might have been positively selected during human evolution. A knock-in mouse model carrying these two amino acid changes in the endogenous mouse Foxp2 gene (Foxp2hum/hum) shows profound changes in striatum-dependent behaviour and neurophysiology, supporting a functional role for these changes. However, how this affects Foxp2 expression patterns in different striatal regions and compartments has not been assessed. Here, we characterized Foxp2 protein expression patterns in adult striatal tissue in Foxp2hum/hum mice. Consistent with prior reports in wildtype mice, we find that striatal neurons in Foxp2hum/hum mice and wildtype littermates express Foxp2 in a range from low to high levels. However, we observe a shift towards more cells with higher Foxp2 expression levels in Foxp2hum/hum mice, significantly depending on the striatal region and the compartment. As potential behavioural readout of these shifts in Foxp2 levels across striatal neurons, we employed a morphine sensitization assay. While we did not detect differences in morphine-induced hyperlocomotion during acute treatment, there was an attenuated hyperlocomotion plateau during sensitization in Foxp2hum/hum mice. Taken together, these results suggest that the humanized Foxp2 allele in a mouse background is associated with a shift in striatal Foxp2 protein expression pattern.

scholarly journals C-Fos Digital Expression Analysis in Human PapillomavirusRelated Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-121
Author(s):  
Aristeidis Chrysovergis ◽  
Vasileios Papanikolaou ◽  
Nicholas Mastronikolis ◽  
Despoina Spyropoulou ◽  
Maria Adamopoulou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Expression ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Fos Protein ◽  
Digital Expression ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded ◽  
Novel Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Factor C

Background: Fos Proto-Oncogene (c-Fos) represents a well analyzed gene involved in solid malignancies’ development and progression. The corresponding protein forms heterodimer with c-jun, a strong transcription factor. C-Fos/c-Jun complex influences critically the intracellular signal transduction to the nucleus. Our aim was to detect and evaluate c-Fos protein expression patterns in oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC) tissues. Materials and Methods: Fifty (n=50) formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded primary OSCCs tissue sections were used. Immunohistochemistry and digital image analysis were implemented for identifying and evaluating c-Fos protein expression levels, respectively. Results: C-Fos protein over expression (moderate to high imunostaining intensity values) was observed in 28/50 (56%) tissue cores, whereas low expression rates were detected in the rest of the examined cases (22/50- 44%). C-Fos overall expression was strongly associated with the stage and grade of the examined tumors (p=0.014, p=0.003, respectively) and also with Human papillomavirus (HPV) persistent infection (p=0.004). c-Fos up regulation is frequently observed in OSCCs. Conclusion: C-Fos high expression levels are correlated with an aggressive phenotype (advanced stage/lymph node metastasis) in patients with OSCC, especially in HPV positive cases, especially High Risk subtypes. Due to its elevated oncogenic activity, c-Fos should be a target for novel therapeutic strategies in OSCC combined or not with other oncogenes involving in signaling transduction pathways.

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