scholarly journals Cell Therapy for Neurological Disorders: The Perspective of Promising Cells

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1142
Author(s):  
Donghui Liu ◽  
Larisa Bobrovskaya ◽  
Xin-Fu Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Specific Disease ◽  
The World ◽  
Public Health Challenges

Neurological disorders are big public health challenges that are afflicting hundreds of millions of people around the world. Although many conventional pharmacological therapies have been tested in patients, their therapeutic efficacies to alleviate their symptoms and slow down the course of the diseases are usually limited. Cell therapy has attracted the interest of many researchers in the last several decades and has brought new hope for treating neurological disorders. Moreover, numerous studies have shown promising results. However, none of the studies has led to a promising therapy for patients with neurological disorders, despite the ongoing and completed clinical trials. There are many factors that may affect the outcome of cell therapy for neurological disorders due to the complexity of the nervous system, especially cell types for transplantation and the specific disease for treatment. This paper provides a review of the various cell types from humans that may be clinically used for neurological disorders, based on their characteristics and current progress in related studies.

scholarly journals Progenitor Cell Therapy for the Treatment of Central Nervous System Injury: A Review of the State of Current Clinical Trials

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter A. Walker ◽  
Matthew T. Harting ◽  
Shinil K. Shah ◽  
Mary-Clare Day ◽  
Ramy El Khoury ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Progenitor Cell ◽  
Neurological Injury ◽  
Cell Therapies ◽  
Potential Efficacy ◽  
Cord Injury

Recent preclinical work investigating the role of progenitor cell therapies for central nervous system (CNS) injuries has shown potential neuroprotection in the setting of traumatic brain injury (TBI), spinal cord injury (SCI), and ischemic stroke. Mechanisms currently under investigation include engraftment and transdifferentiation, modulation of the locoregional inflammatory milieu, and modulation of the systemic immunologic/inflammatory response. While the exact mechanism of action remains controversial, the growing amount of preclinical data demonstrating the potential benefit associated with progenitor cell therapy for neurological injury warrants the development of well-controlled clinical trials to investigate therapeutic safety and efficacy. In this paper, we review the currently active or recently completed clinical trials investigating the safety and potential efficacy of bone marrow-derived progenitor cell therapies for the treatment of TBI, SCI, and ischemic stroke. Our review of the literature shows that while the preliminary clinical trials reviewed in this paper offer novel data supporting the potential efficacy of stem/progenitor cell therapies for CNS injury, a great deal of additional work is needed to ensure the safety, efficacy, and mechanisms of progenitor cell therapy prior to widespread clinical trials.

scholarly journals Trends in clinical trials for stroke by cell therapy: data mining ClinicalTrials.gov and the ICTRP portal site

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Takaharu Negoro ◽  
Hanayuki Okura ◽  
Midori Maehata ◽  
Shigekazu Hayashi ◽  
Satoru Yoshida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Chronic Phase ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Definitive Treatment ◽  
Stroke Treatment ◽  
Portal Site ◽  
Therapy Studies ◽  
Phase Iii Studies

Abstract Definitive treatment of stroke constitutes an important thesis of regenerative medicine in the cerebrovascular field. However, to date, no cell therapy products for stroke are yet on the market. In this study, we examined the clinical research trends related to cell therapy products in the stroke field based on data obtained from the ClinicalTrials.gov website and International Clinical Trials Research Platform (ICTRP) portal site. These data do not offer results of clinical trials comprehensively but provide information regarding various attributes of planned clinical trials including work in progress. We selected 78 cell therapy studies related to the field of stroke treatment from ClinicalTrial.gov and ICTRP. These were analyzed according to, e.g., the reporting countries, origin (autologous or allogeneic), of cell used, cell types and source organs, the progress of translational phases, target phase of the disease (acute or chronic stroke), and route of administration. This analysis revealed a trend whereby in the acute phase, mesenchymal stem cells were administered intravenously at a relatively higher dose, whereas in the chronic phase a small number of cells were administered intracranially. Only two randomized controlled Phase III studies with over 100 patients are registered, but none of them has been completed. Thus, cell therapy against stroke appears to constitute a premature area compared with cartilage repair as assessed in our previous report. In addition, tracking by means of the ID number of each trial via PubMed revealed that 44% of clinical studies in this field have corresponding published results, which was also discussed.

scholarly journals Cell therapies for traumatic brain injury

2008 ◽  
Vol 24 (3-4) ◽  
pp. E18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew T. Harting ◽  
James E. Baumgartner ◽  
Laura L. Worth ◽  
Linda Ewing-Cobbs ◽  
Adrian P. Gee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Adult Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Cell Therapies ◽  
Current Therapies

Preliminary discoveries of the efficacy of cell therapy are currently being translated to clinical trials. Whereas a significant amount of work has been focused on cell therapy applications for a wide array of diseases, including cardiac disease, bone disease, hepatic disease, and cancer, there continues to be extraordinary anticipation that stem cells will advance the current therapeutic regimen for acute neurological disease. Traumatic brain injury is a devastating event for which current therapies are limited. In this report the authors discuss the current status of using adult stem cells to treat traumatic brain injury, including the basic cell types and potential mechanisms of action, preclinical data, and the initiation of clinical trials.

Neuroimaging and fluid biomarkers of Alzheimer’s disease

2020 ◽  
pp. 9-20
Author(s):  
Vijay R Varma ◽  
Yi-Fang Chuang ◽  
Madhav Thambisetty
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Public Health Challenges

Neuroimaging and fluid biomarkers have revolutionized the way we define Alzheimer’s disease (AD), identify at-risk individuals, diagnose those with symptoms, and may eventually enable us to treat patients in the earliest stages of the disease. We review advances in imaging the principal pathological hallmarks and functional perturbations in the AD brain and map progress in identifying cerebrospinal fluid and blood biomarkers of AD. Together, these modalities have provided invaluable insights into the evolution of AD decades before the onset of cognitive impairment. While they have been rapidly adopted into clinical settings, the evidence base for this remains contested. However, the clear value of neuroimaging and fluid biomarkers is in their relevance to clinical trials and the recruitment of individuals who perceive themselves to be at sufficiently high risk to warrant joining research studies testing experimental AD treatments. This marks a paradigm shift in our efforts to overcome one of the global public health challenges of our time.

scholarly journals Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Therapy for Pancreatitis: A Systematic Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara M. Ahmed ◽  
Mahmoud Morsi ◽  
Nehal I. Ghoneim ◽  
Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim ◽  
Nagwa El-Badri
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Chronic Pancreatitis ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Acute And Chronic Pancreatitis ◽  
Substantial Heterogeneity

Background. Based on animal studies, adult mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are promising for the treatment of pancreatitis. However, the best type of this form of cell therapy and its mechanism of action remain unclear. Methods. We searched the PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Clinical Trials.gov websites for studies using MSCs as a therapy for both acute and chronic pancreatitis published until September 2017. Results. We identified 276 publications; of these publications, 18 met our inclusion criteria. In animal studies, stem cell therapy was applied more frequently for acute pancreatitis than for chronic pancreatitis. No clinical trials were identified. MSC therapy ameliorated pancreatic inflammation in acute pancreatitis and pancreatic fibrosis in chronic pancreatitis. Bone marrow and umbilical cord MSCs were the most frequently administered cell types. Due to the substantial heterogeneity among the studies regarding the type, source, and dose of MSCs used, conducting a meta-analysis was not feasible to determine the best type of MSCs. Conclusion. The available data were insufficient for determining the best type of MSCs for the treatment of acute or chronic pancreatitis; therefore, clinical trials investigating the use of MSCs as therapy for pancreatitis are not warranted.

scholarly journals How the UN's anti-biotech policies worsen global warming

1969 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry I Miller
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Common Sense ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Recombinant Dna ◽  
Water Shortages ◽  
Development Costs ◽  
The World ◽  
Public Health Challenges ◽  
Or Gene ◽  
Reduce Carbon Dioxide

Numerous United Nations policies and programmes inhibit the development and use of important tools that could help both to reduce carbon dioxide emissions and to conserve water, especially in poorer regions of the world. A prime example is the UN's unscientific, anti-innovative approach to regulating recombinant DNA-modified (or gene-spliced, or ‘genetically modified (GM)’) plants that could both lessen agriculture's ‘carbon footprint’ and help farmers adapt to droughts and water shortages (a predicted outcome of warming). Like much of what transpires within UN agencies and programmes, the regulation of GM organisms and food derived from them defies scientific consensus and common sense. The result is vastly inflated research and development costs, less innovation, and diminished exploitation of superior techniques and products that could promote adaptation to environmental and public health challenges.

scholarly journals Biomimetic nanovaccines for COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 176-182
Author(s):  
Bijay Singh
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Vaccine Production ◽  
The World ◽  
Insight Into

The outbreak of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has posed a serious threat to global public health, calling for the development of safe and effective prophylactics and therapeutics against infection of its causative agent, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Currently, there is no approved vaccines or medications exist to prevent infection by SARS-CoV-2. In this emergency, more than 100 vaccines formulated using conventional approaches are being explored against SARS-CoV-2 across the world. The vaccines formulated using nanotechnology are also on the race of clinical trials. The aim of this article is to provide an insight into the ways of vaccine production by conventional and nanotechnology platforms and expand the understanding on the possibilities and limitations of these approaches for vaccine developments.

scholarly journals ROLE OF MANSIK BHAVAS ON IMMUNITY W.S.R. TO COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1322-1327
Author(s):  
Sanjay Kumar Bhatnagar ◽  
Rajesh Kumar Sharma ◽  
Dinesh Chandra Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Healthcare Settings ◽  
The World ◽  
Public Health Challenges ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

The world was confronted with an illness 'COVID-19', caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. This novel coronavirus is highly contagious and in just a few months has become a serious threat to human health all over the world. It was declared as a Public Health Emergency of International Concern by the end of January 2020 and a pandemic in March 2020. In addition to the public health challenges, this pandemic has created another parallel pandemic of mental health problems. There are many relations of doing panic and getting the disease and the pos- sibility of Mansik Bhavas like fear (Bhaya), anger (Krodha), grief (Shoka) and not follow Sadvrutta can be the cause or precipitating factor of infection to any person. Ayurveda and modern point of view agree to the statement that different Mansik Bhavas like Bhaya, Krodha, Shoka and not follow Sadvrutta etc. can lead to or can act as Hetu for many diseases like COVID-19 etc. and hence there is the existence of a relation between these Mansik Bhavas and Vyadhi Utpatti. Furthermore, the existing mental health problems have also been seen to exacerbate owing to this pandemic. The mental health problems are both seen among the community members and the healthcare pro- viders who are at the continuous forefront of service provision in healthcare settings. The best way of preventing COVID-19 infection is by enhancing an individual's body immunity. Some of the principles could be useful in mitigating the mental health issues that the current world is grappling with owing to COVID‐19. In this review article, we will understand the Role of Mansik Bhavas on immunity to COVID-19 with different references given in Ayurvedic texts, modern texts and articles. Keywords: Ayurveda, COVID-19, Mansik bhavas (Bhaya, Krodha, Shoka and Sadvrutta), Immunity.

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