scholarly journals In Vivo Healthy Benefits of Galacto-Oligosaccharides from Lupinus albus (LA-GOS) in Butyrate Production through Intestinal Microbiota

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1658
Author(s):  
Lucila A. Godínez-Méndez ◽  
Carmen M. Gurrola-Díaz ◽  
José Sergio Zepeda-Nuño ◽  
Natali Vega-Magaña ◽  
Rocio Ivette Lopez-Roa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Lupinus Albus ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Coa Transferase ◽  
Ph Level

Animal digestive systems host microorganism ecosystems, including integrated bacteria, viruses, fungi, and others, that produce a variety of compounds from different substrates with healthy properties. Among these substrates, α-galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) are considered prebiotics that promote the grow of gut microbiota with a metabolic output of Short Chain Fatty Acids (SCFAs). In this regard, we evaluated Lupinus albus GOS (LA-GOS) as a natural prebiotic using different animal models. Therefore, the aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of LA-GOS on the gut microbiota, SCFA production, and intestinal health in healthy and induced dysbiosis conditions (an ulcerative colitis (UC) model). Twenty C57BL/6 mice were randomly allocated in four groups (n = 5/group): untreated and treated non-induced animals, and two groups induced with 2% dextran sulfate sodium to UC with and without LA-GOS administration (2.5 g/kg bw). We found that the UC treated group showed a higher goblet cell number, lower disease activity index, and reduced histopathological damage in comparison to the UC untreated group. In addition, the abundance of positive bacteria to butyryl-CoA transferase in gut microbiota was significantly increased by LA-GOS treatment, in healthy conditions. We measured the SCFA production with significant differences in the butyrate concentration between treated and untreated healthy groups. Finally, the pH level in cecum feces was reduced after LA-GOS treatment. Overall, we point out the in vivo health benefits of LA-GOS administration on the preservation of the intestinal ecosystem and the promotion of SCFA production.

scholarly journals Galangin Protects against Symptoms of Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Acute Colitis by Activating Autophagy and Modulating the Gut Microbiota

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongzhuan Xuan ◽  
Aiqun Ou ◽  
Shengyu Hao ◽  
Jiajun Shi ◽  
Xiaolu Jin
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Related Proteins

Galangin is a natural flavonoid that has been reported to provide substantial health benefits. Nevertheless, little is known about the potential effects of galangin against inflammatory bowel diseases. Here, an in vivo study was performed to investigate the preventive effects of galangin against dextran sulphate sodium (DSS)-induced acute murine colitis, which mimics the symptoms of human ulcerative colitis (UC). Pre-treatment with galangin (15 mg/kg, p.o.) resulted in a significant decreased in the macroscopic signs of DSS-induced colitic symptoms, including a decreased disease activity index, prevention of the colon length shortening, and alleviation of the pathological changes occurring in the colon. Colonic pro-inflammatory mediators, including tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin (IL)-1 beta, and IL-6, as well as myeloperoxidase activities were decreased following galangin pre-treatment when compared with the DSS control group. Moreover, galangin pre-treatment significantly increased the expressions of autophagy-related proteins and promoted the formation of autophagosome in the colon. Galangin pre-treatment increased the diversity of the gut microbiota, and this was accompanied by increased levels of short-chain fatty acids. These observed changes could involve the modulating effects conferred by galangin in relation to some specific bacteria populations, including the recovery of Lactobacillus spp., and increased Butyricimonas spp. Overall, these results support the use of galangin in the prevention of UC.

scholarly journals Dietary Alaska Pollock Protein Attenuates the Experimental Colitis Induced by Dextran Sulfate Sodium via Regulation of Gut Microbiota and Its Metabolites in Mice

Metabolites ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Genki Tanaka ◽  
Nozomi Hagihara ◽  
Ryota Hosomi ◽  
Takaki Shimono ◽  
Seiji Kanda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Dextran Sulfate ◽  
Dextran Sulfate Sodium ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Experimental Colitis ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Spleen Weight ◽  
Reduced Body

Protein derived from fish has not only nutritional properties but also health-promoting properties. Few studies have examined the effect of dietary Alaska pollock protein (APP) on the anticolitis effect reported to be associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS). This study investigated the effect of APP intake on colitis symptoms, gut microbiota, and its metabolites in the experimental colitis mouse model induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). Male C57BL/6J mice were divided into three groups: (1) DSS-untreated mice fed an American Institute of Nutrition (AIN) 93G diet (protein source is casein), (2) DSS-treated mice fed an AIN93G diet, and (3) DSS-treated mice fed an APP diet. After the mice were fed the diets for 21 days, experimental colitis was induced by three cycles of 2% DSS administration for 5 days followed by washouts over the course of 5 days. APP-reduced body weight loss increased the disease activity index, and elevated spleen weight and alleviated colon length shortening and colonic tissue damage. Furthermore, APP altered the structure and composition of the microbiota and short-chain fatty acids in feces. Since APP intake alleviates experimental colitis induced by DSS administration through alterations in the gut microbiota and its metabolites, we deduced that APP would inhibit MetS progression via colitis suppression.

scholarly journals Development of Anti-inflammatory Probiotic Limosilactobacillus reuteri EFEL6901 as Kimchi Starter: in vitro and In vivo Evidence

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hee Seo ◽  
Hyunbin Seong ◽  
Ga Yun Kim ◽  
Yu Mi Jo ◽  
Seong Won Cheon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activity Index ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Fermented Foods ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Gut Barrier Function ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

The use of probiotic starters can improve the sensory and health-promoting properties of fermented foods. In this study, we developed an anti-inflammatory probiotic starter, Limosilactobacillus reuteri EFEL6901, for use in kimchi fermentation. The EFEL6901 strain was safe for use in foods and was stable under human gastrointestinal conditions. In in vitro experiments, EFEL6901 cells adhered well to colonic epithelial cells and decreased nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide-induced macrophages. In in vivo experiments, oral administration of EFEL6901 to DSS-induced colitis mice models significantly alleviated the observed colitis symptoms, prevented body weight loss, lowered the disease activity index score, and prevented colon length shortening. Analysis of these results indicated that EFEL6901 played a probiotic role by preventing the overproduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines, improving gut barrier function, and up-regulating the concentrations of short-chain fatty acids. In addition, EFEL6901 made a fast growth in a simulated kimchi juice and it synthesized similar amounts of metabolites in nabak-kimchi comparable to a commercial kimchi. This study demonstrates that EFEL6901 can be used as a suitable kimchi starter to promote gut health and product quality.

scholarly journals Dietary Supplementation of Foxtail Millet Ameliorates Colitis-Associated Colorectal Cancer in Mice via Activation of Gut Receptors and Suppression of the STAT3 Pathway

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 2367
Author(s):  
Bowei Zhang ◽  
Yingchuan Xu ◽  
Shuang Liu ◽  
Huan Lv ◽  
Yaozhong Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Foxtail Millet ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Tumor Burden ◽  
Signaling Proteins ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Coarse cereal intake has been reported to be associated with reduced risk of colorectal cancer. However, evidence from intervention studies is absent and the molecular basis of this phenomenon remains largely unexplored. This study sought to investigate the effects of foxtail millet and rice, two common staple grains in Asia, on the progression of colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) and define the mechanism involved. In total, 40 BALB/c mice were randomized into four groups. The Normal and azoxymethane/dextran sodium sulfate (AOM/DSS) groups were supplied with an AIN-93G diet, while the millet- and rice-treated groups were supplied with a modified AIN-93G diet. Compared to the AOM/DSS-induced CAC mice supplemented with rice, an increased survival rate, suppressed tumor burden, and reduced disease activity index were observed in the millet-treated group. The levels of IL-6 and IL-17 were decreased in the millet-treated group compared to both the AOM/DSS and AOM/DSS + rice groups. Millet treatment inhibited the phosphorylation of STAT3 and the related signaling proteins involved in cell proliferation, survival and angiogenesis. These beneficial effects were mediated by the activation of gut receptors AHR and GPCRs via the microbial metabolites (indole derivates and short-chain fatty acids) of foxtail millet. Moreover, millet-treatment increased the abundance of Bifidobacterium and Bacteroidales_S24-7 compared to the rice-treated mice. This study could help researchers to develop better dietary patterns that work against inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and for CAC patients.

scholarly journals Ethanol Extract ofCordyceps militarisGrown on Germinated Soybeans Attenuates Dextran-Sodium-Sulfate- (DSS-) Induced Colitis by Suppressing the Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinases and Inflammatory Mediators

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong Ki Park ◽  
Hye-Jin Park
Keyword(s):  
Matrix Metalloproteinases ◽  
Inflammatory Mediators ◽  
Sodium Sulfate ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Dextran Sodium Sulfate ◽  
Protective Agent ◽  
Colon Tissue

The effect ofCordyceps militaris(CM) grown on germinated soybeans (GSC) in the inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) model was studied. To demonstrate the preventive effect of GSC extract in a dextran-sodium-sulfate- (DSS-) induced acute colitis mouse model, GSC was administered 2 days before DSS coadministration. GSC significantly suppressed DSS-induced disease activity index (DAI) as well as histopathological scores, compared to control or CM-treated group. To elucidate the anti-IBD activity of GSC, we checked the level of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and inflammatory mediators. GSC extract decreased the level of MMP-3 and -9 mRNAs and p53 proteins. The level and activity of LPS-induced MMP-9 were reduced in GSC-treated RAW264.7 cells. It also attenuated the level of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-)αmRNAs both in colon tissue and in macrophage cells. These results suggest that GSC can be applied as a protective agent against IBDs.

scholarly journals l-Isoleucine Administration Alleviates DSS-Induced Colitis by Regulating TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB Pathway in Rats

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangbing Mao ◽  
Rui Sun ◽  
Qingxiang Wang ◽  
Daiwen Chen ◽  
Bing Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Enterocyte Apoptosis

Inflammatory bowel disease (namely, colitis) severely impairs human health. Isoleucine is reported to regulate immune function (such as the production of immunoreactive substances). The aim of this study was to investigate whether l-isoleucine administration might alleviate dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in rats. In the in vitro trial, IEC-18 cells were treated by 4 mmol/L l-isoleucine for 12 h, which relieved the decrease of cell viability that was induced by TNF-α (10 ng/ml) challenge for 24 h (P <0.05). Then, in the in vivo experiment, a total of 44 Wistar rats were allotted into 2 groups that were fed l-isoleucine-supplemented diet and control diet for 35 d. From 15 to 35 d, half of the rats in the 2 groups drank the 4% DSS-adding water. Average daily gain, average daily feed intake and feed conversion of rats were impaired by DSS challenge (P <0.05). Drinking the DSS-supplementing water also increased disease activity index (DAI) and serum urea nitrogen level (P <0.05), shortened colonic length (P <0.05), impaired colonic enterocyte apoptosis, cell cycle, and the ZO-1 mRNA expression (P <0.05), increased the ratio of CD11c-, CD64-, and CD169-positive cells in colon (P <0.05), and induced extensive ulcer, infiltration of inflammatory cells, and collagenous fiber hyperplasia in colon. However, dietary l-isoleucine supplementation attenuated the negative effect of DSS challenge on growth performance (P <0.05), DAI (P <0.05), colonic length and enterocyte apoptosis (P <0.05), and dysfunction of colonic histology, and downregulated the ratio of CD11c-, CD64-, and CD169-positive cells, pro-inflammation cytokines and the mRNA expression of TLR4, MyD88, and NF-κB in the colon of rats (P <0.05). These results suggest that supplementing l-isoleucine in diet improved the DSS-induced growth stunting and colonic damage in rats, which could be associated with the downregulation of inflammation via regulating TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway in colon.

scholarly journals Synbiotic Supplementation Containing Whole Plant Sugar Cane Fibre and Probiotic Spores Potentiates Protective Synergistic Effects in Mouse Model of IBD

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 818 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanvi Shinde ◽  
Agampodi Promoda Perera ◽  
Ravichandra Vemuri ◽  
Shakuntla V. Gondalia ◽  
Avinash V. Karpe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Cane ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Bacillus Coagulans ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Chow Diet ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Synbiotic Supplementation ◽  
Stimulation Of

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are a chronic inflammatory disorders with increasing global incidence. Synbiotic, which is a two-point approach carrying probiotic and prebiotic components in mitigating inflammation in IBD, is thought to be a pragmatic approach owing to the synergistic outcomes. In this study, the impacts of dietary supplementation with probiotic Bacillus coagulans MTCC5856 spores (B. coagulans) and prebiotic whole plant sugar cane fibre (PSCF) was assessed using a murine model of IBD. Eight-week-old C57BL/6 mice were fed a normal chow diet supplemented with either B. coagulans, PSCF or its synbiotic combination. After seven days of supplementation, colitis was induced with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in drinking water for seven days during the continuation of the supplemented diets. Synbiotic supplementation ameliorated disease activity index and histological score (−72%, 7.38, respectively), more effectively than either B. coagulans (−47%, 10.1) and PSCF (−53%, 13.0) alone. Synbiotic supplementation also significantly (p < 0.0001) prevented the expression of tight junction proteins and modulated the altered serum IL-1β (−40%), IL-10 (+26%), and C-reactive protein (CRP) (−39%) levels. Synbiotic supplementations also raised the short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) profile more extensively compared to the unsupplemented DSS-control. The synbiotic health outcome effect of the probiotic and prebiotic combinations may be associated with a synergistic direct immune-regulating efficacy of the components, their ability to protect epithelial integrity, stimulation of probiotic spores by the prebiotic fibre, and/or with stimulation of greater levels of fermentation of fibres releasing SCFAs that mediate the reduction in colonic inflammation. Our model findings suggest synbiotic supplementation should be tested in clinical trials.

IB-367 pre-treatment improves the in vivo efficacy of teicoplanin and daptomycin in an animal model of wounds infected with meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (10) ◽  
pp. 1552-1558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar Cirioni ◽  
Carmela Silvestri ◽  
Elisa Pierpaoli ◽  
Alessandra Barucca ◽  
Wojciech Kamysz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Nk Cell ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Leukocyte Populations ◽  
Nk Cytotoxicity

Antimicrobial peptides are known as immunomodulators and antibiotic enhancers. We report that administration of an antimicrobial peptide, IB-367, was efficacious in increasing the antimicrobial activity of daptomycin and teicoplanin in a mouse model of wound infection caused by meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Mice were assigned to seven groups: an IB-367 pre-treated group with no antibiotics given after challenge, two IB-367 pre-treated groups plus daptomycin or teicoplanin given after challenge, two groups treated with daptomycin or teicoplanin only after challenge, and two control groups without infection or that did not receive any treatment. The main outcome measures were quantitative bacterial culture and analysis of natural killer (NK) cytotoxicity and leukocyte phenotype. The wound, established through the panniculus carnosus muscle of mice, was infected by MRSA. Bacterial cultures of mice receiving antibiotics alone showed a −2 log decrease, whilst those for IB-367 plus daptomycin or teicoplanin showed a −4 log decrease. IB-367 plus daptomycin showed the highest efficacy. The higher antimicrobial effect exerted by IB-367 was associated with increased levels of NK cytotoxicity but not of NK cell number. IB-367 increased the number of both CD11b and Gr-1 cells 3 days after MRSA challenge, whereas both of these leukocyte populations were reduced at 10 days after challenge. Our data suggest that a combination of IB-367 with antibiotic exerts a therapeutic effect and may be useful for the management of staphylococcal wounds.

Bacillus licheniformis Zhengchangsheng® attenuates DSS-induced colitis and modulates the gut microbiota in mice

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 543-553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Li ◽  
M. Liu ◽  
J. Zhou ◽  
B. Hou ◽  
X. Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Bacillus Licheniformis ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Experimental Colitis ◽  
Valuable Insight ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Gastrointestinal Health ◽  
Human Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Human inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and experimental colitis models in mice are associated with shifts in gut microbiota composition, and several probiotics are widely used to improve gastrointestinal health. Here, we investigated whether the probiotic Bacillus licheniformis Zhengchangsheng® (BL) ameliorates dextran sulphate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis through alteration of the gut microbiota. Experimental colitis was induced in BALB/C mice by dissolving 3% DSS in their drinking water for 7 days, which were gavaged with 0.2 ml phosphate-buffered saline or BL (3×107 cfu/ml) once a day. Administration of BL attenuated several effects of DSS-induced colitis, including weight loss, increased disease activity index, and disrupted intestinal barrier integrity. In addition, BL mitigated the reduction in faecal microbiota richness in DSS treated mice. Interestingly, BL was found to reduce the elevated circulating endotoxin level in mice with colitis by modulating the microbial composition of the microbiota, and this was highly associated with a proportional decrease in gut Bacteroidetes. Our results demonstrate that BL can attenuate DSS-induced colitis and provide valuable insight into microbiota interactions during IBD.

scholarly journals Bugs and drugs: a systems biology approach to characterising the effect of moxidectin on the horse’s faecal microbiome

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. P. Daniels ◽  
J. Leng ◽  
J. R. Swann ◽  
C. J. Proudman
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Anthelmintic Treatment ◽  
Metabolic Profiles ◽  
Faecal Microbiota ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Fermentation Kinetics ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background Anthelmintic treatment is a risk factor for intestinal disease in the horse, known as colic. However the mechanisms involved in the onset of disease post anthelmintic treatment are unknown. The interaction between anthelmintic drugs and the gut microbiota may be associated with this observed increase in risk of colic. Little is known about the interaction between gut microbiota and anthelmintics and how treatment may alter microbiome function. The objectives of this study were: To characterise (1) faecal microbiota, (2) feed fermentation kinetics in vitro and (3) metabolic profiles following moxidectin administration to horses with very low (0 epg) adult strongyle burdens. Hypothesis: Moxidectin will not alter (1) faecal microbiota, (2) feed fermentation in vitro, or, (3) host metabolome. Results Moxidectin increased the relative abundance of Deferribacter spp. and Spirochaetes spp. observed after 160 h in moxidectin treated horses. Reduced in vitro fibre fermentation was observed 16 h following moxidectin administration in vivo (P = 0.001), along with lower pH in the in vitro fermentations from the moxidectin treated group. Metabolic profiles from urine samples did not differ between the treatment groups. However metabolic profiles from in vitro fermentations differed between moxidectin and control groups 16 h after treatment (R2 = 0.69, Q2Y = 0.48), and within the moxidectin group between 16 h and 160 h post moxidectin treatment (R2 = 0.79, Q2Y = 0.77). Metabolic profiles from in vitro fermentations and fermentation kinetics both indicated altered carbohydrate metabolism following in vivo treatment with moxidectin. Conclusions These data suggest that in horses with low parasite burdens moxidectin had a small but measurable effect on both the community structure and the function of the gut microbiome.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document