scholarly journals Wearable Sensors for the Detection of Biomarkers for Wound Infection

Biosensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Alexandra Pusta ◽  
Mihaela Tertiș ◽  
Cecilia Cristea ◽  
Simona Mirel
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Wound Infection ◽  
Inflammatory Mediators ◽  
Wearable Sensors ◽  
Major Complication ◽  
Wound Dressings ◽  
Infection Diagnosis ◽  
Detection Of Biomarkers

Infection represents a major complication that can affect wound healing in any type of wound, especially in chronic ones. There are currently certain limitations to the methods that are used for establishing a clinical diagnosis of wound infection. Thus, new, rapid and easy-to-use strategies for wound infection diagnosis need to be developed. To this aim, wearable sensors for infection diagnosis have been recently developed. These sensors are incorporated into the wound dressings that are used to treat and protect the wound, and are able to detect certain biomarkers that can be correlated with the presence of wound infection. Among these biomarkers, the most commonly used ones are pH and uric acid, but a plethora of others (lactic acid, oxygenation, inflammatory mediators, bacteria metabolites or bacteria) have also been detected using wearable sensors. In this work, an overview of the main types of wearable sensors for wound infection detection will be provided. These sensors will be divided into electrochemical, colorimetric and fluorimetric sensors and the examples will be presented and discussed comparatively.

Wearable Biosensors for Monitoring Wound Healing

2008 ◽  
Vol 57 ◽  
pp. 80-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stéphanie Pasche ◽  
Silvia Angeloni ◽  
Réal Ischer ◽  
Martha Liley ◽  
Jean Luprano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Wearable Sensors ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Optical Signal ◽  
Wound Dressings ◽  
Wound Healing Process ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Novel Technology ◽  
Inflammatory Proteins

Continuous health monitoring often requires hospitalization, which can become an expensive and inconvenient choice for the patient. In this perspective, wearable sensors that allow in situ biosensing constitute a very promising technology. This work aims to develop immunosensors for continuous monitoring of the wound healing process, based on pH changes, as well as on the concentrations of inflammatory proteins such as the C-reactive protein (CRP). Sensing principles include the use of responsive hydrogels that swell in response to changes in the surroundings, and the use of functional surfaces that specifically recognize the target protein. The detection principle is based on an optical signal, using the evanescent field of light propagating along a waveguide, probing refractive index changes. An optical sensing system that can be integrated in a wound dressing patch has been designed, including a white light source (LED), and a spectrometer for detection. The sensor was successfully tested in the laboratory with biological samples (blood serum), demonstrating reversible pH measurements between pH 6-8, and detection of changes in the concentration of CRP between 1 and 100 μg/ml. The sensor will later be integrated into wound dressings or bandages, forming a sensing patch that is connected via optical fibres and electrical wires to the detection system and power supply. This novel technology will be particularly valuable in applications such as the supervision of skin grafts and ulcer treatments.

scholarly journals Wearable Sensors and Systems for Wound Healing-Related pH and Temperature Detection

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 430
Author(s):  
Ning Tang ◽  
Youbin Zheng ◽  
Xue Jiang ◽  
Cheng Zhou ◽  
Han Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Wearable Sensors ◽  
Wound Dressings ◽  
Wound Management ◽  
Large Area ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Temperature Detection ◽  
Reliable Monitoring ◽  
Identification Threshold

Wound healing is a complex tissue regeneration process involving many changes in multiple physiological parameters. The pH and temperature of a wound site have long been recognized as important biomarkers for assessing wound healing status. For effective wound management, wound dressings integrated with wearable sensors and systems used for continuous monitoring of pH and temperature have received much attention in recent years. Herein, recent advances in the development of wearable pH and temperature sensors and systems based on different sensing mechanisms for wound status monitoring and treatment are comprehensively summarized. Challenges in the areas of sensing performance, infection identification threshold, large-area 3-dimensional detection, and long-term reliable monitoring in current wearable sensors/systems and emerging solutions are emphasized, providing critical insights into the development of wearable sensors and systems for wound healing monitoring and management.

Design of chitosan-poloxamer nanogel and evaluation of its therapeutic effect on skin burn

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1800-1807
Author(s):  
Jianfei Zou ◽  
Lianshuang Lv ◽  
Xiuli Qi
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Wound Infection ◽  
Therapeutic Effect ◽  
Wound Dressings ◽  
Burn Patients ◽  
Skin Burn ◽  
Analgesic Effects

Wound infection is the main cause of slow healing and complications of skin burns. Wound dressings can temporarily replace the skin to isolate the contamination and can be anti-infective, which is conducive to wound healing. In this study, a chitosan-Poloxamer-apigenin nanogel dressing (CTS-Plo-Api) was constructed using CTS and Plo, as carriers, and Api. In comparison with traditional treatments, the speed of wound healing is improved with the use of CTS-Plo-Api; moreover, it enhances bacteriostatic and anti-infection ability and has certain analgesic effects. Therefore, we demonstrate that CTS-Plo-Api is an exciting new clinical avenue for the treatment of burn patients.

Neonatal Intravenous Extravasation Injuries: Evaluation of a Wound Care Protocol

2006 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doris Sawatzky-Dickson ◽  
Karen Bodnaryk
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Wound Infection ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Wound Care ◽  
Systemic Infection ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Care Protocol

Purpose:To evaluate an evidence-based wound protocol for intravenous extravasation injuries in neonates.Sample:Nine newborns with intravenous extravasation injuries. Birth weight: 582–4,404 gm, gestational age: 24–40 weeks.Results:Five wounds were colonized with coagulase-negative Staphylococcus species, two with diphtheroids, three with Enterococcus. There was no evidence of wound infection or systemic infection. Rates of wound healing ranged from one to six weeks.

scholarly journals Fabrication of Hybrid Nanofibers from Biopolymers and Poly (Vinyl Alcohol)/Poly (ε-Caprolactone) for Wound Dressing Applications

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 2104
Author(s):  
Sibusiso Alven ◽  
Blessing Atim Aderibigbe
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Wound Dressing ◽  
Chronic Wounds ◽  
Cellular Adhesion ◽  
Wound Dressings ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
High Porosity ◽  
Hybrid Nanofibers

The management of chronic wounds is challenging. The factors that impede wound healing include malnutrition, diseases (such as diabetes, cancer), and bacterial infection. Most of the presently utilized wound dressing materials suffer from severe limitations, including poor antibacterial and mechanical properties. Wound dressings formulated from the combination of biopolymers and synthetic polymers (i.e., poly (vinyl alcohol) or poly (ε-caprolactone) display interesting properties, including good biocompatibility, improved biodegradation, good mechanical properties and antimicrobial effects, promote tissue regeneration, etc. Formulation of these wound dressings via electrospinning technique is cost-effective, useful for uniform and continuous nanofibers with controllable pore structure, high porosity, excellent swelling capacity, good gaseous exchange, excellent cellular adhesion, and show a good capability to provide moisture and warmth environment for the accelerated wound healing process. Based on the above-mentioned outstanding properties of nanofibers and the unique properties of hybrid wound dressings prepared from poly (vinyl alcohol) and poly (ε-caprolactone), this review reports the in vitro and in vivo outcomes of the reported hybrid nanofibers.

Elastic Janus film for Wound Dressings: Unidirectional Biofluid Transport and Effectively Promoting Wound Healing

2021 ◽  
pp. 2105265
Author(s):  
Bing Xu ◽  
Ang Li ◽  
Rui Wang ◽  
Juan Zhang ◽  
Yinlong Ding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Wound Dressings

scholarly journals Wound Healing Composite Materials of Bacterial Cellulose and Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles with Immobilized Betulin Diphosphate

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 713
Author(s):  
Nina Melnikova ◽  
Alexander Knyazev ◽  
Viktor Nikolskiy ◽  
Peter Peretyagin ◽  
Kseniia Belyaeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Bacterial Cellulose ◽  
Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Wound Dressings ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Burn Wound ◽  
Zno Nps ◽  
Wound Model ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

A design of new nanocomposites of bacterial cellulose (BC) and betulin diphosphate (BDP) pre-impregnated into the surface of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) for the production of wound dressings is proposed. The sizes of crystalline BC and ZnO NPs (5–25%) corresponded to 5–6 nm and 10–18 nm, respectively (powder X-ray diffractometry (PXRD), Fourier-infrared (FTIR), ultraviolet (UV), atomic absorption (AAS) and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopies). The biological activity of the wound dressings “BC-ZnO NPs-BDP” was investigated in rats using a burn wound model. Morpho-histological studies have shown that more intensive healing was observed during treatment with hydrophilic nanocomposites than the oleophilic standard (ZnO NPs-BDP oleogel; p < 0.001). Treatment by both hydrophilic and lipophilic agents led to increases in antioxidant enzyme activity (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase) in erythrocytes and decreases in the malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration by 7, 10 and 21 days (p < 0.001). The microcirculation index was restored on the 3rd day after burn under treatment with BC-ZnO NPs-BDP wound dressings. The results of effective wound healing with BC-ZnO NPs-BDP nanocomposites can be explained by the synergistic effect of all nanocomposite components, which regulate oxygenation and microcirculation, reducing hypoxia and oxidative stress in a burn wound.

Management of Deep Spinal Wound Infections Following Instrumentation Surgery with Subfascial Negative Pressure Wound Therapy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus Rickert ◽  
Michael Rauschmann ◽  
Nizar Latif-Richter ◽  
Mohammad Arabmotlagh ◽  
Tamin Rahim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Wound Infection ◽  
Spinal Fusion ◽  
Negative Pressure Wound Therapy ◽  
Wound Infections ◽  
Wound Therapy ◽  
Postoperative Wound ◽  
Deep Wound ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background and Study Aims The treatment of infections following a spine surgery continues to be a challenge. Negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) has been an effective method in the context of infection therapy, and its use has gained popularity in recent decades. This study aims to analyze the impact of known risk factors for postoperative wound infection on the efficiency and length of NPWT therapy until healing. Patients and Methods We analyzed 50 cases of NPWT treatment for deep wound infection after posterior and posteroanterior spinal fusion from March 2010 to July 2014 retrospectively. We included 32 women and 18 men with a mean age of 69 years (range, 36–87 years). Individual risk factors for postoperative infection, such as age, gender, obesity, diabetes, immunosuppression, duration of surgery, intraoperative blood loss, and previous surgeries, as well as type and onset (early vs. late) of the infection were analyzed. We assessed the associations between these risk factors and the number of revisions until wound healing. Results In 42 patients (84%), bacterial pathogens were successfully detected by means of intraoperative swabs and tissue samples during first revision. A total of 19 different pathogens could be identified with a preponderance of Staphylococcus epidermidis (21.4%) and S. aureus (19.0%). Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) was recorded in two patients (2.6%). An average of four NPWT revisions was required until the infection was cured. Patients with infections caused by mixed pathogens required a significantly higher number of revisions (5.3 vs. 3.3; p < 0.01) until definitive wound healing. For the risk factors, no significant differences in the number of revisions could be demonstrated when compared with the patients without the respective risk factor. Conclusion NPWT was an effective therapy for the treatment of wound infections after spinal fusion. All patients in the study had their infections successfully cured, and all spinal implants could be retained. The number of revisions was similar to those reported in the published literature. The present study provides insights regarding the effectiveness of NPWT for the treatment of deep wound infection after spinal fusion. Further investigations on the impact of potential risk factors for postoperative wound healing disorders are required. Better knowledge on the impact of specific risk factors will contribute to a higher effectiveness of prophylaxis for postoperative wound infections considering the patient-specific situation.

scholarly journals Development of Spanish Broom and Flax Dressings with Glycyrrhetinic Acid-Loaded Films for Wound Healing: Characterization and Evaluation of Biological Properties

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1192
Author(s):  
Angela Abruzzo ◽  
Concettina Cappadone ◽  
Valentina Sallustio ◽  
Giovanna Picone ◽  
Martina Rossi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Drug Loading ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
In Vitro Release ◽  
Sodium Hyaluronate ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Glycyrrhetinic Acid ◽  
Wound Dressings ◽  
Biological Studies

The selection of an appropriate dressing for each type of wound is a very important procedure for a faster and more accurate healing process. So, the aim of this study was to develop innovative Spanish Broom and flax wound dressings, as alternatives to cotton used as control, with polymeric films containing glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) to promote wound-exudate absorption and the healing process. The different wound dressings were prepared by a solvent casting method, and characterized in terms of drug loading, water uptake, and in vitro release. Moreover, biological studies were performed to evaluate their biocompatibility and wound-healing efficacy. Comparing the developed wound dressings, Spanish Broom dressings with GA-loaded sodium hyaluronate film had the best functional properties, in terms of hydration ability and GA release. Moreover, they showed a good biocompatibility, determining a moderate induction of cell proliferation and no cytotoxicity. In addition, the wound-healing test revealed that the Spanish Broom dressings promoted cell migration, further facilitating the closure of the wound.

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