The Soluble Factor from Oral Cancer Cell Lines Inhibits Interferon-γ Production by OK-432 via the CD40/CD40 Ligand Pathway

(1) Background: OK-432 is a penicillin-killed, lyophilized formulation of a low-toxicity strain (Su) of Streptococcus pyogenes (Group A). It is a potent immunotherapy agent for several types of cancer, including oral cancer. We previously showed that (i) OK-432 treatment induces a high amount of IFN-? production from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), and (ii) conditioned medium (CM) from oral cancer cells suppresses both the IFN-? production and cytotoxic activity of PBMCs driven by OK-432. The aim of this study was to determine the inhibitory mechanism of OK-432-induced IFN-? production from PBMCs by CM. (2) Methods: We performed cDNA microarray analysis, quantitative RT-PCR, and ELISA to reveal the inhibitory mechanism of CM. (3) Results: We found that CD40 plays a key role in IFN-? production via IL-12 production. Although OK-432 treatment upregulated the expression levels of the IL-12p40, p35, and CD40 genes, CM from oral cancer cells downregulate these genes. The amount of IFN-? production by OK-432 treatment was decreased by an anti-CD40 neutralizing antibody. (4) Conclusions: Our study suggests that uncertain soluble factor(s) produced from oral cancer cells may inhibit IFN-? production from PBMCs via suppressing the CD40/CD40L–IL-12 axis.

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Effect of soluble factors derived from oral cancer cells on the production of interferon-γ from peripheral blood mononuclear cells following stimulation with OK-432

Oncology Reports ◽

10.3892/or.2013.2480 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 30 (2) ◽

pp. 945-951

Author(s):

GO OHE ◽

AKIKO SASAI ◽

DAISUKE UCHIDA ◽

TETSUYA TAMATANI ◽

HIROKAZU NAGAI ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oral Cancer ◽

Cancer Cells ◽

Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells ◽

Peripheral Blood ◽

Mononuclear Cells ◽

Interferon Γ ◽

Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽

Soluble Factors ◽

Blood Mononuclear Cells ◽

Oral Cancer Cells

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Low-Density Granulocytes Affect T-SPOT.TB Assay by Inhibiting the Production of Interferon-γ in T Cells via PD-L1/PD-1 Pathway

Frontiers in Microbiology ◽

10.3389/fmicb.2020.622389 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

Author(s):

Jiayue Rao ◽

Rigu Su ◽

Yiping Peng ◽

Yang Guo ◽

Zikun Huang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

T Cells ◽

Mononuclear Cells ◽

Neutralizing Antibody ◽

Interferon Γ ◽

Low Density ◽

Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽

Tuberculosis Patients ◽

Exogenous Addition ◽

Positive Rate ◽

The Impact

BackgroundT-SPOT TB (T-SPOT) assay is widely used for detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection that is based on the detection of M. tuberculosis-specific interferon-γ-secreting T cells (ISCs) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Recently, high frequencies of low-density granulocytes (LDGs) were found in the PBMCs of tuberculosis patients. Whether these LDGs affect the detection of T-SPOT has not been investigated. The impact of LDGs on T-SPOT assay and related mechanism were investigated in this study.MethodsThe correlations between the frequencies of LDGs and the results of T-SPOT were analyzed. T-SPOT with LDG-removed PBMCs and PBMCs with exogenous addition of LDGs were performed. The possible mechanism was explored by detecting the levels of negative immune regulatory molecules on LDGs. The impact of programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) on T-SPOT was evaluated and confirmed by function blocking with neutralizing antibody.ResultsThe positive rates of T-SPOT and ISCs in tuberculosis patients with low LDGs frequency (n = 22) were significantly higher than those with high LDGs frequency (n = 39). Removal or exogenous addition of LDGs significantly increased or decreased the ISCs and the positive rate of T-SPOT. The frequencies of interferon-γ-producing T cells were negatively correlated with the frequencies of LDGs. The expression of PD-L1 was significantly elevated on LDGs. Pretreatment of LDGs with anti-PD-L1 antibody significantly counteracted the impact of LDGs on T-SPOT. Treatment of PBMCs with anti-PD-L1 antibody resulted in comparable ISCs with that of LDG removal.ConclusionLDGs can inhibit the production of interferon-γ in T cells and decrease the positive rated of T-SPOT assay via highly expressed PD-L1.

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Antifungal and Antiproliferative Protein fromCicer arietinum: A Bioactive Compound against Emerging Pathogens

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2014/387203 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Suresh Kumar ◽

Vaishali Kapoor ◽

Kamaldeep Gill ◽

Kusum Singh ◽

Immaculata Xess ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oral Cancer ◽

Cancer Cells ◽

Cicer Arietinum ◽

Mononuclear Cells ◽

Human Peripheral Blood ◽

Antifungal Drugs ◽

Antifungal Protein ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Cell Wall Disruption ◽

Oral Cancer Cells

The emergence of epidemic fungal pathogenic resistance to current antifungal drugs has increased the interest in developing alternative antibiotics from natural sources.Cicer arietinumis well known for its medicinal properties. The aim of this work was to isolate antimicrobial proteins fromCicer arietinum. An antifungal protein, C-25, was isolated fromCicer arietinumand purified by gel filtration. C-25 protein was tested using agar diffusion method against human pathogenic fungi of ATCC strains and against clinical isolates ofCandida krusei,Candida tropicalis, andCandida parapsilosis, and MIC values determined were varied from 1.56 to 12.5 μg/mL. The SEM study demonstrated that C-25 induces the bleb-like surface changes, irregular cell surface, and cell wall disruption of the fungi at different time intervals. Cytotoxic activity was studied on oral cancer cells and normal cells. It also inhibits the growth of fungal strains which are resistant to fluconazole. It reduced the cell proliferation of human oral carcinoma cells at the concentration of 37.5 μg/mL (IC50) and no toxic effect was found on normal human peripheral blood mononuclear cells even at higher concentration of 600 μg/mL. It can be concluded that C-25 can be considered as an effective antimycotic as well asantiproliferativeagent against human oral cancer cells.

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In Vitro Anticancer Activity of Virgin Coconut Oil and its Fractions in Liver and Oral Cancer Cells

Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry ◽

10.2174/1871520619666191021160752 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 19 (18) ◽

pp. 2223-2230 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Poonam Verma ◽

Sanjukta Naik ◽

Pranati Nanda ◽

Silvi Banerjee ◽

Satyanarayan Naik ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Oral Cancer ◽

Anticancer Activity ◽

Cancer Cells ◽

Cell Line ◽

Coconut Oil ◽

Virgin Coconut Oil ◽

Anticancer Efficacy ◽

Oral Cancer Cells

Background: Coconut oil is an edible oil obtained from fresh, mature coconut kernels. Few studies have reported the anticancer role of coconut oil. The fatty acid component of coconut oil directly targets the liver by portal circulation and as chylomicron via lymph. However, the anti-cancer activity of coconut oil against liver cancer cells and oral cancer cells is yet to be tested. The active component of coconut oil, that is responsible for the anticancer activity is not well understood. In this study, three different coconut oils, Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO), Processed Coconut Oil (PCO) and Fractionated Coconut Oil (FCO), were used. Objective: Based on previous studies, it can be hypothesized that fatty acids in coconut oil may have anticancer potential and may trigger cell death in cancer cell lines. Methods: Each cell line was treated with different concentrations of Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO), Processed Coconut Oil (PCO) and Fractionated Coconut Oil (FCO). The treated cells were assayed by MTT after 72 hr of incubation. The fatty acid composition of different coconut oils was analyzed by gas chromatography. Result: Different concentrations of coconut oils were used to treat the cells. Interestingly, the anticancer efficacy of VCO, PCO and FCO was not uniform, rather the efficacy varied from cell line to cell line. Only 20% VCO showed significant anticancer activity in HepG2 cells in comparison to 80% PCO against the KB cell line. Remarkably, 20% of PCO and 5% of FCO showed potential growth inhibition in the KB cell line as compared to 80% PCO in HepG2 cells. Moreover, there was a difference in the efficacy of VCO, PCO and FCO, which might be due to their fatty acid composition. Comparing the anticancer efficacy of VCO, PCO and FCO in this study helped to predict which class of fatty acids and which fatty acid might be associated with the anticancer activity of VCO. Conclusion: This study shows that VCO, PCO and FCO have anticancer efficacy and may be used for the treatment of cancer, especially liver and oral cancer.

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Chitosan-Coated Gold Nanoparticles Induce Low Cytotoxicity and Low ROS Production in Primary Leucocytes, Independent of Their Proliferative Status

Pharmaceutics ◽

10.3390/pharmaceutics13070942 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (7) ◽

pp. 942

Author(s):

Helen Yarimet Lorenzo-Anota ◽

Diana G. Zarate-Triviño ◽

Jorge Alberto Uribe-Echeverría ◽

Andrea Ávila-Ávila ◽

José Raúl Rangel-López ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gold Nanoparticles ◽

Cell Death ◽

Cancer Cells ◽

Cell Lines ◽

Mononuclear Cells ◽

Bone Marrow Cells ◽

Lymphoid Cells ◽

Ros Production ◽

Biomedical Sciences ◽

Peripheral Blood Mononuclear

(1) Background: Chitosan-coated gold nanoparticles (CH-AuNPs) have important theranostic applications in biomedical sciences, including cancer research. However, although cell cytotoxicity has been studied in cancerous cells, little is known about their effect in proliferating primary leukocytes. Here, we assessed the effect of CH-AuNPs and the implication of ROS on non-cancerous endothelial and fibroblast cell lines and in proliferative lymphoid cells. (2) Methods: The Turkevich method was used to synthetize gold nanoparticles. We tested cell viability, cell death, ROS production, and cell cycle in primary lymphoid cells, compared with non-cancer and cancer cell lines. Concanavalin A (ConA) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were used to induce proliferation on lymphoid cells. (3) Results: CH-AuNPs presented high cytotoxicity and ROS production against cancer cells compared to non-cancer cells; they also induced a different pattern of ROS production in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). No significant cell-death difference was found in PBMCs, splenic mononuclear cells, and bone marrow cells (BMC) with or without a proliferative stimuli. (4) Conclusions: Taken together, our results highlight the selectivity of CH-AuNPs to cancer cells, discarding a consistent cytotoxicity upon proliferative cells including endothelial, fibroblast, and lymphoid cells, and suggest their application in cancer treatment without affecting immune cells.

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