scholarly journals Recent Progress in Plasmonic Hybrid Photocatalysis for CO2 Photoreduction and C–C Coupling Reactions

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 155
Author(s):  
Hyeon Ho Shin ◽  
Yung Doug Suh ◽  
Dong-Kwon Lim
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Photochemical Reactions ◽  
Hybrid Nanostructures ◽  
Fine Chemicals ◽  
Coupling Reactions ◽  
Promising Strategy ◽  
Life On Earth ◽  
Efficient Photoconversion

Plasmonic hybrid nanostructures have been investigated as attractive heterogeneous photocatalysts that can utilize sunlight to produce valuable chemicals. In particular, the efficient photoconversion of CO2 into a stable hydrocarbon with sunlight can be a promising strategy to achieve a sustainable human life on Earth. The next step for hydrocarbons once obtained from CO2 is the carbon–carbon coupling reactions to produce a valuable chemical for energy storage or fine chemicals. For these purposes, plasmonic nanomaterials have been widely investigated as a visible-light-induced photocatalyst to achieve increased efficiency of photochemical reactions with sunlight. In this review, we discuss recent achievements involving plasmonic hybrid photocatalysts that have been investigated for CO and CO2 photoreductions to form multi-carbon products and for C–C coupling reactions, such as the Suzuki–Miyaura coupling reactions.

Recent progress in nanostructured transition metal nitrides for advanced electrochemical energy storage

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Biao Gao ◽  
Xingxing Li ◽  
Kang Ding ◽  
Chao Huang ◽  
Qingwei Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Transition Metal ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
Hybrid Nanostructures ◽  
Electrochemical Energy Storage ◽  
Metal Nitrides ◽  
Transition Metal Nitrides ◽  
Metal Nitride ◽  
Transition Metal Nitride ◽  
Electrochemical Energy

Recent advances and future opportunities pertaining to transition metal nitride based hybrid nanostructures for advanced electrochemical energy storage are reviewed.

Review of the Current State and Future Development in Standardizing Natural Lighting in Interiors

2018 ◽  
pp. 5-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanislav Darula
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Natural Light ◽  
Artificial Lighting ◽  
Computer Tools ◽  
Natural Lighting ◽  
Current State ◽  
Minimum Requirements ◽  
Life On Earth ◽  
Window Design

Three elements mainly wind, water and sun seemed to determine in ancient ages the basic phenomena of life on Earth. Architectural history documented the importance of sun influence on urban and building construction already in layouts of Mesopotamian and Greek houses. Not only sun radiation but especially daylight played a significant role in the creation of indoor environment. Later, in the 20th century, a search of interaction between human life in buildings and natural conditions were studied considering well­being and energy conscious design recently using computer tools in complex research and more detail interdisciplinary solutions. At the same time the restricted daytime availability of natural light was supplemented by more efficient and continually cheaper artificial lighting of interiors. There are two main approaches to standardize the design and evaluation of indoor visual environment. The first is based on the determination of the minimum requirements respecting human health and visibility needs in all activities while the second emphasizes the behaviour and comfort of occupants in buildings considering year­around natural changes of physical quantities like light, temperature, noise and energy consumption. The new current standardization basis for daylight evaluation and window design criteria stimulate the study of methodology principles that historically were based on the overcast type of sky luminance pattern avoiding yearly availability of sky illuminance levels. New trends to base the daylight standardization on yearly or long­term availability of daylight are using the averages or median sky illuminance levels to characterise local climatological conditions. This paper offers the review and discussion about the principles of the natural light standardization with a short introduction to the history and current state, with a trial to focus on the possible development of lighting engineering and its standards in future.

Systematic approaches in water management: Aquatic outlook and decision support systems combining monitoring, research, policy analysis and information technology

1996 ◽  
Vol 34 (12) ◽  
pp. 9-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. de Jong ◽  
J. T. van Buuren ◽  
J. P. A. Luiten
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Policy Analysis ◽  
Research Policy ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
Ecological Aspects ◽  
Management Plans ◽  
Water Management Plans ◽  
Life On Earth

Sustained developments is the target of almost every modern water management policy. Sustainability is focused on human life and on the ecological quality of our environment. Both aspects are essential for life on earth. Within a river catchment area this means that well balanced relations have to be laid between human activities and ecological aspects in the involved areas. Policy analysis is especially looking for the most efficient way to analyse and to overcome bottlenecks. In The Netherlands project “The Aquatic Outlook” all these elements are worked out in a nationwide scale, providing the scientific base and policy analysis from which future water management plans can be derived.

Recent Progress Towards Synthesis of the Indolizidine Alkaloid 195B

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghodsi Mohammadi Ziarani ◽  
Fatemeh Mohajer ◽  
Zohreh kheilkordi
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Natural Product ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Natural Compounds ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Pharmaceutical Chemistry ◽  
Biological Perspective ◽  
Highly Active

Background: Natural products have been received attention due to their importance in human life as those are biologically active. In this review, there are some reports through different methods related to the synthesis of the indolizidine 195B which was extracted from poisonous frog; however, due to respect nature, the synthesis of natural compounds such as indolizidine has been attracted much attention among scientists and researchers. Objective: This review discloses the procedures and methods to provide indolizidine 195B from 1989 to 2018 due to their importance as a natural product. Conclusion: There are several methods to give rise to the indolizidine 195B as a natural product that is highly active from the biological perspective in pharmaceutical chemistry. In summary, many protocols for the preparations of indolizidine 195B from various substrates, several reagents, and conditions have been reported from different aromatic and aliphatic.

scholarly journals On the Use of Iron in Organic Chemistry

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 1349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnar Guðmundsson ◽  
Jan-E. Bäckvall
Keyword(s):  
Organic Chemistry ◽  
Redox Potential ◽  
Potential Range ◽  
Coupling Reactions ◽  
Base Metals ◽  
Metal Catalysis ◽  
Iron Catalysis ◽  
Cross Coupling Reactions ◽  
Life On Earth ◽  
Palladium Platinum

Transition metal catalysis in modern organic synthesis has largely focused on noble transition metals like palladium, platinum and ruthenium. The toxicity and low abundance of these metals, however, has led to a rising focus on the development of the more sustainable base metals like iron, copper and nickel for use in catalysis. Iron is a particularly good candidate for this purpose due to its abundance, wide redox potential range, and the ease with which its properties can be tuned through the exploitation of its multiple oxidation states, electron spin states and redox potential. This is a fact made clear by all life on Earth, where iron is used as a cornerstone in the chemistry of living processes. In this mini review, we report on the general advancements in the field of iron catalysis in organic chemistry covering addition reactions, C-H activation, cross-coupling reactions, cycloadditions, isomerization and redox reactions.

Incorporating conjugated carbonyl compounds into carbon nanomaterials as electrode materials for electrochemical energy storage

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (46) ◽  
pp. 31361-31377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guanhui Yang ◽  
Yu Zhang ◽  
Yanshan Huang ◽  
Muhammad Imran Shakir ◽  
Yuxi Xu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Carbonyl Compounds ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
Carbon Nanomaterials ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Electrochemical Energy Storage ◽  
Electrochemical Energy

This review provided an overview of recent progress on composites of conjugated carbonyl compounds and carbon nanomaterials for energy storage.

MWCNT incorporated wool-ball-like CuO@NiO hybrid nanostructures for high-performance energy storage device

2021 ◽  
pp. 161313
Author(s):  
Mahasweta Chatterjee ◽  
Samik Saha ◽  
Sachindranath Das ◽  
Satyaranjan Bhattacharyya ◽  
Swapan Kumar Pradhan
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Hybrid Nanostructures ◽  
Storage Device ◽  
Energy Storage Device

A general route to the synthesis of layer-by-layer structured metal organic framework/graphene oxide hybrid films for high-performance supercapacitor electrodes

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (32) ◽  
pp. 16865-16872 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongbo Yu ◽  
Liang Ge ◽  
Xinlai Wei ◽  
Bin Wu ◽  
Jin Ran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Metal Organic Framework ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Hybrid Films ◽  
Promising Strategy ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
Organic Framework

A promising strategy is demonstrated for the syntheses of metal organic framework/graphene oxide hybrid films with highly ordered layer-by-layer architecture, and the derived hybrids exhibit remarkable energy storage performances.

Recent progress in polyaniline composites for high capacity energy storage: A review

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 103018
Author(s):  
Humayara Naj Heme ◽  
Md Shah Nuruddin Alif ◽  
S.M. Sultan Mahmud Rahat ◽  
Sanzeeda Baig Shuchi
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Polyaniline Composites

PHILOSOPHY AND THE MEANING OF LIFE

Think ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (60) ◽  
pp. 33-49
Author(s):  
William Lyons
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Meaning Of Life ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Eternal Life ◽  
Evolution Of The Universe ◽  
Life On Earth ◽  
The Universe

The author sets out to respond to the student complaint that ‘Philosophy did not answer “the big questions”’, in particular the question ‘What is the meaning of life?’ The response first outlines and evaluates the most common religious answer, that human life is given a meaning by God who created us and informs us that this life is just the pilgrim way to the next eternal life in heaven. He then discusses the response that, from the point of view of post-Darwinian science and the evolution of the universe and all that is in it, human life on Earth must be afforded no more meaning than the meaning we would give to a microscopic planaria or to some creature on another planet in a distant universe. All things including human creatures on Planet Earth just exist for a time and that is that. There is no plan or purpose. In the last sections the author outlines the view that it is we humans ourselves who give meaning to our lives by our choices of values or things that are worth pursuing and through our resulting sense of achievement or the opposite. Nevertheless the question ‘What is the meaning of life?’ can mean quite different things in different contexts, and so merit different if related answers. From one point of view one answer may lie in terms of the love of one human for another.

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