scholarly journals Nanoscale Assembly of BiVO4/CdS/CoOx Core–Shell Heterojunction for Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 682
Author(s):  
Hana Kmentova ◽  
Olivier Henrotte ◽  
Rambabu Yalavarthi ◽  
Mareike Haensch ◽  
Christian Heinemann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Charge Separation ◽  
Deposition Process ◽  
Photocurrent Density ◽  
Absorption Properties ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
O2 Reduction ◽  
Reduction Current ◽  
Efficient Route ◽  
Good Agreement

Porous BiVO4 electrodes were conformally decorated with CdS via a chemical bath deposition process. The highest photocurrent at 1.1 V vs. RHE was achieved for a BiVO4/CdS composite (4.54 mA cm−2), compared with CdS (1.19 mA cm−2) and bare BiVO4 (2.1 mA cm−2), under AM 1.5G illumination. This improvement in the photoefficiency can be ascribed to both the enhanced optical absorption properties and the charge separation due to the heterojunction formation between BiVO4 and CdS. Furthermore, the BiVO4/CdS photoanode was protected with a CoOx layer to substantially increase the photostability of the material. The new BiVO4/CdS/CoOx nanostructure exhibited a highly stable photocurrent density of ~5 mA cm−2. The capability to produce O2 was locally investigated by scanning photoelectrochemical microscope, which showed a good agreement between photocurrent and O2 reduction current maps. This work develops an efficient route to improve the photo-electrochemical performance of BiVO4 and its long-term stability.

scholarly journals Long-term stability in γ-CsPbI3 perovskite via an ultraviolet-curable polymer network

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nam-Kwang Cho ◽  
Hyun-Jae Na ◽  
Jeeyoung Yoo ◽  
Youn Sang Kim
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Network ◽  
Lone Pair ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Absorption Properties ◽  
Term Stability ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Ultraviolet Curable ◽  
Oxygen Lone Pair ◽  
Lone Pair Electrons

AbstractBlack-colored (α, γ-phase) CsPbI3 perovskites have a small bandgap and excellent absorption properties in the visible light regime, making them attractive for solar cells. However, their long-term stability in ambient conditions is limited. Here, we demonstrate a strategy to improve structural and electrical long-term stability in γ-CsPbI3 by the use of an ultraviolet-curable polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate (PEGDMA) polymer network. Oxygen lone pair electrons from the PEGDMA are found to capture Cs+ and Pb2+ cations, improving crystal growth of γ-CsPbI3 around PEGDMA. In addition, the PEGDMA polymer network strongly contributes to maintaining the black phase of γ-CsPbI3 for more than 35 days in air, and an optimized perovskite film retained ~90% of its initial electrical properties under red, green, and blue light irradiation.

scholarly journals Validation of nine years of MOPITT V5 NIR using MOZAIC/IAGOS measurements: biases and long-term stability

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 3783-3799 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. T. J. de Laat ◽  
I. Aben ◽  
M. Deeter ◽  
P. Nédélec ◽  
H. Eskes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Transport Model ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Validation Data ◽  
Chemistry Transport Model ◽  
Large Variability ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Good Agreement

Abstract. Validation results from a comparison between Measurement Of Pollution In The Troposphere (MOPITT) V5 Near InfraRed (NIR) carbon monoxide (CO) total column measurements and Measurement of Ozone and Water Vapour on Airbus in-service Aircraft (MOZAIC)/In-Service Aircraft for a Global Observing System (IAGOS) aircraft measurements are presented. A good agreement is found between MOPITT and MOZAIC/IAGOS measurements, consistent with results from earlier studies using different validation data and despite large variability in MOPITT CO total columns along the spatial footprint of the MOZAIC/IAGOS measurements. Validation results improve when taking the large spatial footprint of the MOZAIC/IAGOS data into account. No statistically significant drift was detected in the validation results over the period 2002–2010 at global, continental and local (airport) scales. Furthermore, for those situations where MOZAIC/IAGOS measurements differed from the MOPITT a priori, the MOPITT measurements clearly outperformed the MOPITT a priori data, indicating that MOPITT NIR retrievals add value to the MOPITT a priori. Results from a high spatial resolution simulation of the chemistry-transport model MOCAGE (MOdèle de Chimie Atmosphérique à Grande Echelle) showed that the most likely explanation for the large MOPITT variability along the MOZAIC-IAGOS profile flight path is related to spatio-temporal CO variability, which should be kept in mind when using MOZAIC/IAGOS profile measurements for validating satellite nadir observations.

Graphene oxide in carbon nitride: from easily processed precursors to a composite material with enhanced photoelectrochemical activity and long-term stability

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (19) ◽  
pp. 11718-11723 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guiming Peng ◽  
Jiani Qin ◽  
Michael Volokh ◽  
Chong Liu ◽  
Menny Shalom
Keyword(s):  
Composite Material ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Charge Separation ◽  
Carbon Nitride ◽  
Photoelectrochemical Activity ◽  
Term Stability ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Transfer Properties

Herein we report a facile method to grow an ordered carbon nitride (CN) layer with improved charge separation and transfer properties under illumination.

Demonstration of enhanced carrier transport, charge separation, and long-term stability for photocatalytic water splitting by a rapid hot pressing process

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (21) ◽  
pp. 10687-10695 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei-Hsuan Hung ◽  
Kun-Lin Yang ◽  
Sz-Nian Lai ◽  
Chin-Ru Yang ◽  
Jing-Jong Shyue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Splitting ◽  
Applied Voltage ◽  
Charge Separation ◽  
Hot Pressing ◽  
Carrier Transport ◽  
Untreated Sample ◽  
Photocatalytic Water Splitting ◽  
Term Stability ◽  
Long Term Stability

The hot pressed sample demonstrated more than 6-fold enhancement compared to the untreated sample at an applied voltage of 1.2 V.

Historic Buildings: Long Term Stability Evaluation Using Wireless Sensor Networks

2010 ◽  
Vol 133-134 ◽  
pp. 235-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hua Yong Wu ◽  
Daniele Zonta ◽  
Matteo Pozzi ◽  
Paolo Zanon ◽  
Michele Corrà
Keyword(s):  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Ambient Vibration ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Historic Buildings ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
System Maintenance ◽  
Structural Parts ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Good Agreement

An automatic diagnostic monitoring system can guarantee the safety and integrity of a historic building. In this paper, we describe the long term application of a wireless sensor network (WSN) for permanent health monitoring in the Torre Aquila, a historic tower in Trento, Italy. The system consists of accelerometers, thermometers and fiber optic sensors (FOS) with customized wireless modules and dedicated software designed for wireless communication. The whole system was completed and started operation in September 2008, and data from the various sensor nodes are collected continuously, save during periods of system maintenance and update. Based on the first 1.5 years of operation in assessing the stability of the tower, the WSN is seen to be an effective tool. Modal analysis indicates that the tower has two independent structural parts. A comparison between the acquired long term deformation measurements and simulated numerical results shows good agreement. Monitoring of ambient vibration suggests that such vibration is not now a source of concern for the stability of the tower.

scholarly journals Validation of nine-years of MOPITT V5 NIR using MOZAIC/IAGOS measurements: biases and long term stability

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 5251-5291
Author(s):  
A. T. J. de Laat ◽  
I. Aben ◽  
M. Deeter ◽  
P. Nédélec ◽  
H. Eskes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Transport Model ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Validation Data ◽  
Chemistry Transport Model ◽  
Large Variability ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Good Agreement

Abstract. Validation results from a comparison between Measurement Of Pollution In The Troposphere (MOPITT) V5 Near InfraRed (NIR) Carbon Monoxide (CO) total column measurements and Measurement of Ozone and Water Vapour on Airbus in-service Aircraft (MOZAIC)/In-Service Aircraft for a Global Observing System (IAGOS) aircraft measurements are presented. A good agreement is found between MOPITT and MOZAIC/IAGOS measurements, consistent with results from earlier studies using different validation data and despite large variability in MOPITT CO total columns along the spatial footprint of the MOZAIC/IAGOS measurements. Validation results improve when taking the large spatial footprint of the MOZAIC/IAGOS data into account. No statistically significant drift was detected in the validation results over the period 2002–2010 at global, continental and local (airport) scales. Furthermore, for those situations where MOZAIC/IAGOS measurements differed from the MOPITT a priori, the MOPITT measurements clearly outperformed the MOPITT a priori data, indicating that MOPITT NIR retrievals add value to the MOPITT a priori. Results from a high spatial resolution simulation of the chemistry-transport model MOCAGE (MOdèle de Chimie Atmosphérique à Grande Echelle) showed that the most likely explanation for the large MOPITT variability along the MOZAIC-IAGOS profile flight path is related to spatio-temporal CO variability, which should be kept in mind when using MOZAIC/IAGOS profile measurements for validating satellite nadir observations.

scholarly journals Electrochemical Trimethylamine N-Oxide Biosensor with Enzyme-Based Oxygen-Scavenging Membrane for Long-Term Operation under Ambient Air

Biosensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 98
Author(s):  
Armel F. T. Waffo ◽  
Biljana Mitrova ◽  
Kim Tiedemann ◽  
Chantal Iobbi-Nivol ◽  
Silke Leimkühler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Air ◽  
Anaerobic Conditions ◽  
Term Operation ◽  
Oxygen Scavenging ◽  
O2 Reduction ◽  
Reduction Current ◽  
Detectable Concentration ◽  
Tmao Reductase ◽  
Pva Hydrogel

An amperometric trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) biosensor is reported, where TMAO reductase (TorA) and glucose oxidase (GOD) and catalase (Cat) were immobilized on the electrode surface, enabling measurements of mediated enzymatic TMAO reduction at low potential under ambient air conditions. The oxygen anti-interference membrane composed of GOD, Cat and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel, together with glucose concentration, was optimized until the O2 reduction current of a Clark-type electrode was completely suppressed for at least 3 h. For the preparation of the TMAO biosensor, Escherichia coli TorA was purified under anaerobic conditions and immobilized on the surface of a carbon electrode and covered by the optimized O2 scavenging membrane. The TMAO sensor operates at a potential of −0.8 V vs. Ag/AgCl (1 M KCl), where the reduction of methylviologen (MV) is recorded. The sensor signal depends linearly on TMAO concentrations between 2 µM and 15 mM, with a sensitivity of 2.75 ± 1.7 µA/mM. The developed biosensor is characterized by a response time of about 33 s and an operational stability over 3 weeks. Furthermore, measurements of TMAO concentration were performed in 10% human serum, where the lowest detectable concentration is of 10 µM TMAO.

Stability and Change in Emotional Intelligence: Exploring the Transition to Young Adulthood

2005 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
James D.A. Parker ◽  
Donald H. Saklofske ◽  
Laura M. Wood ◽  
Jennifer M. Eastabrook ◽  
Robyn N. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Postsecondary Education ◽  
Life Transition ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Major Life ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Transition From High School

Abstract. The concept of emotional intelligence (EI) has attracted growing interest from researchers working in various fields. The present study examined the long-term stability (32 months) of EI-related abilities over the course of a major life transition (the transition from high school to university). During the first week of full-time study, a large group of undergraduates completed the EQ-i:Short; 32 months later a random subset of these students (N = 238), who had started their postsecondary education within 24 months of graduating from high school, completed the measures for a second time. The study found EI scores to be relatively stable over the 32-month time period. EI scores were also found to be significantly higher at Time 2; the overall pattern of change in EI-levels was more than can be attributed to the increased age of the participants.

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