scholarly journals Recellularization of Native Tissue Derived Acellular Scaffolds with Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1787
Author(s):  
Ebtehal Ahmed ◽  
Tarek Saleh ◽  
Meifeng Xu
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Degenerative Diseases ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Native Tissue ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Decellularized Scaffolds

The functionalization of decellularized scaffolds is still challenging because of the recellularization-related limitations, including the finding of the most optimal kind of cell(s) and the best way to control their distribution within the scaffolds to generate native mimicking tissues. That is why researchers have been encouraged to study stem cells, in particular, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), as alternative cells to repopulate and functionalize the scaffolds properly. MSCs could be obtained from various sources and have therapeutic effects on a wide range of inflammatory/degenerative diseases. Therefore, in this mini-review, we will discuss the benefits using of MSCs for recellularization, the factors affecting their efficiency, and the drawbacks that may need to be overcome to generate bioengineered transplantable organs.

scholarly journals Therapeutic Effect of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Ulcerative Colitis: A Review on Achievements and Challenges

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 3922
Author(s):  
Seyed-Kazem Hosseini-Asl ◽  
Davood Mehrabani ◽  
Feridoun Karimi-Busheri
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Transplantation ◽  
Adult Stem Cells ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Promising Treatment ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
New Treatment

The worldwide epidemiology of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), still shows an increasing trend in Asia and Iran. Despite an improvement in the treatment landscape focused on symptomatic control, long-term colectomies have not decreased over the last 10-year period. Thus, novel therapies are urgently needed in clinics to supplement the existing treatments. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent adult stem cells with immunosuppressive effects, targeting IBD as a new treatment strategy. They have recently received global attention for their use in cell transplantation due to their easy expansion and wide range of activities to be engrafted, and because they are home to the mucosa of the intestine. Moreover, MSCs are able to differentiate into epithelial and other cells that can directly promote repair in the mucosal damages in UC. It seems that there is a need to deepen our understanding to target MSCs as a promising treatment option for UC patients who are refractory to conventional therapies. Here, we overviewed the therapeutic effects of MSCs in UC and discussed the achievements and challenges in the cell transplantation of UC.

scholarly journals Transcriptome Analysis of Long Noncoding RNAs in Toll-Like Receptor 3-Activated Mesenchymal Stem Cells

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shihua Wang ◽  
Xiaoxia Li ◽  
Robert Chunhua Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Length Distribution ◽  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Long Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Wide Range

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) possess great immunomodulatory capacity which lays the foundation for their therapeutic effects in a variety of diseases. Recently, toll-like receptors (TLR) have been shown to modulate MSC functions; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms are poorly understood. Emerging evidence suggests that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are an important class of regulators involved in a wide range of biological processes. To explore the potential involvement of lncRNAs in TLR stimulated MSCs, we performed a comprehensive lncRNA and mRNA profiling through microarray. 10.2% of lncRNAs (1733 out of 16967) and 15.1% of mRNA transcripts (1760 out of 11632) were significantly differentially expressed (absolute fold-change≥5 ,Pvalue≤0.05) in TLR3 stimulated MSCs. Furthermore, we characterized the differentially expressed lncRNAs through their classes and length distribution and correlated them with differentially expressed mRNA. Here, we are the first to determine genome-wide lncRNAs expression patterns in TLR3 stimulated MSCs by microarray and this work could provide a comprehensive framework of the transcriptome landscapes of TLR3 stimulated MSCs.

scholarly journals Therapeutic effects of mesenchymal stem cells-derived extracellular vesicles’ miRNAs on retinal regeneration: a review

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Rajool Dezfuly ◽  
Azadeh Safaee ◽  
Hossein Salehi
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Degenerative Diseases ◽  
Retinal Degenerations ◽  
Promising Therapeutic Approach ◽  
Retinal Degenerative Diseases ◽  
And Function

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs), which consist of microvesicles and exosomes, are secreted from all cells to transform vital information in the form of lipids, proteins, mRNAs and small RNAs such as microRNAs (miRNAs). Many studies demonstrated that EVs’ miRNAs have effects on target cells. Numerous people suffer from the blindness caused by retinal degenerations. The death of retinal neurons is irreversible and creates permanent damage to the retina. In the absence of acceptable cures for retinal degenerative diseases, stem cells and their paracrine agents including EVs have become a promising therapeutic approach. Several studies showed that the therapeutic effects of stem cells are due to the miRNAs of their EVs. Considering the effects of microRNAs in retinal cells development and function and studies which provide the possible roles of mesenchymal stem cells-derived EVs miRNA content on retinal diseases, we focused on the similarities between these two groups of miRNAs that could be helpful for promoting new therapeutic techniques for retinal degenerative diseases.

Protective effect of 17β-estradiol on serum deprivation-induced apoptosis and oxidative stress in bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 312-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Mirzamohammadi ◽  
M Mehrabani ◽  
N Tekiyehmaroof ◽  
AM Sharifi
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Serum Deprivation ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Ros Production ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Wide Range

Stem cell transplantation has indicated great promise for cell therapy in a wide range of diseases, but poor and insufficient viability of cells within damaged tissues has limited its potential therapeutic effects. 17 β-Estradiol (E2) is a steroid hormone that plays an important role in expression of many genes and regulating proliferation, viability, and intracellular redox status in different cell types. In this study, we aimed to assess the effect of E2 on bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs). Apoptosis was induced by serum deprivation (SD), and cells were exposed to E2 in the presence or absence of serum for varying periods of time, after which cell viability was measured by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. Expression of proapoptotic and antiapoptotic proteins after exposure to E2 was examined by Western blotting. The ability of E2 to prevent reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was also measured. The results indicated that E2 significantly enhanced the viability of the cells and protected BM-MSCs against SD-induced overproduction of ROS. It could reduce lipid peroxidation, total antioxidant power, and also Bax/Bcl-2 ratio as well as expression of caspase-3. Taken together, our data support that E2 treatment protects BM-MSCs against SD-induced damage by regulating ROS production and upregulation of antiapoptotic/proapoptotic proteins ratio.

Therapeutic Potential of Amniotic Fluid Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Based on their Differentiation Capacity and Immunomodulatory Properties

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 327-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl R. Harrell ◽  
Marina Gazdic ◽  
Crissy Fellabaum ◽  
Nemanja Jovicic ◽  
Valentin Djonov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Differentiation Potential ◽  
Differentiation Capacity ◽  
Cell Based Therapy

Background: Amniotic Fluid Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (AF-MSCs) are adult, fibroblast- like, self-renewable, multipotent stem cells. During the last decade, the therapeutic potential of AF-MSCs, based on their huge differentiation capacity and immunomodulatory characteristics, has been extensively explored in animal models of degenerative and inflammatory diseases. Objective: In order to describe molecular mechanisms responsible for the therapeutic effects of AFMSCs, we summarized current knowledge about phenotype, differentiation potential and immunosuppressive properties of AF-MSCs. Methods: An extensive literature review was carried out in March 2018 across several databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, Google Scholar), from 1990 to present. Keywords used in the selection were: “amniotic fluid derived mesenchymal stem cells”, “cell-therapy”, “degenerative diseases”, “inflammatory diseases”, “regeneration”, “immunosuppression”. Studies that emphasized molecular and cellular mechanisms responsible for AF-MSC-based therapy were analyzed in this review. Results: AF-MSCs have huge differentiation and immunosuppressive potential. AF-MSCs are capable of generating cells of mesodermal origin (chondrocytes, osteocytes and adipocytes), neural cells, hepatocytes, alveolar epithelial cells, insulin-producing cells, cardiomyocytes and germ cells. AF-MSCs, in juxtacrine or paracrine manner, regulate proliferation, activation and effector function of immune cells. Due to their huge differentiation capacity and immunosuppressive characteristic, transplantation of AFMSCs showed beneficent effects in animal models of degenerative and inflammatory diseases of nervous, respiratory, urogenital, cardiovascular and gastrointestinal system. Conclusion: Considering the fact that amniotic fluid is obtained through routine prenatal diagnosis, with minimal invasive procedure and without ethical concerns, AF-MSCs represents a valuable source for cell-based therapy of organ-specific or systemic degenerative and inflammatory diseases.

scholarly journals Extracellular Vesicles of Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Therapeutic Properties Discovered with Extraordinary SuccessOK

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 667
Author(s):  
Gabriella Racchetti ◽  
Jacopo Meldolesi
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Immune Regulation ◽  
Great Increase ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cell Aging ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Therapeutic Properties

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), the cells distributed in the stromas of the body, are known for various properties including replication, the potential of various differentiations, the immune-related processes including inflammation. About two decades ago, these cells were shown to play relevant roles in the therapy of numerous diseases, dependent on their immune regulation and their release of cytokines and growth factors, with ensuing activation of favorable enzymes and processes. Such discovery induced great increase of their investigation. Soon thereafter, however, it became clear that therapeutic actions of MSCs are risky, accompanied by serious drawbacks and defects. MSC therapy has been therefore reduced to a few diseases, replaced for the others by their extracellular vesicles, the MSC-EVs. The latter vesicles recapitulate most therapeutic actions of MSCs, with equal or even better efficacies and without the serious drawbacks of the parent cells. In addition, MSC-EVs are characterized by many advantages, among which are their heterogeneities dependent on the stromas of origin, the alleviation of cell aging, the regulation of immune responses and inflammation. Here we illustrate the MSC-EV therapeutic effects, largely mediated by specific miRNAs, covering various diseases and pathological processes occurring in the bones, heart and vessels, kidney, and brain. MSC-EVs operate also on the development of cancers and on COVID-19, where they alleviate the organ lesions induced by the virus. Therapy by MSC-EVs can be improved by combination of their innate potential to engineering processes inducing precise targeting and transfer of drugs. The unique properties of MSC-EVs explain their intense studies, carried out with extraordinary success. Although not yet developed to clinical practice, the perspectives for proximal future are encouraging.

scholarly journals Therapeutic effects of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells‐derived exosomes on osteoarthritis

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (19) ◽  
pp. 9281-9294
Author(s):  
Yi Jin ◽  
Min Xu ◽  
Hai Zhu ◽  
Chen Dong ◽  
Juan Ji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells

scholarly journals Correction: In vivo migration of Fe3O4@polydopamine nanoparticle-labeled mesenchymal stem cells to burn injury sites and their therapeutic effects in a rat model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiuying Li ◽  
Zhenhong Wei ◽  
Binxi Li ◽  
Jing Li ◽  
Huiying Lv ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Burn Injury ◽  
Therapeutic Effects

Correction for ‘In vivo migration of Fe3O4@polydopamine nanoparticle-labeled mesenchymal stem cells to burn injury sites and their therapeutic effects in a rat model’ by Xiuying Li et al., Biomater. Sci., 2019, 7, 2861–2872, DOI: 10.1039/C9BM00242A.

scholarly journals Stem Cell-Engineered Nanovesicles Exert Proangiogenic and Neuroprotective Effects

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1078
Author(s):  
Han Young Kim ◽  
Suk Ho Bhang
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Therapeutic Agent ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Hydrodynamic Size ◽  
Regeneration Strategy ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects ◽  
The Poor

As a tissue regeneration strategy, the utilization of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has drawn considerable attention. Comprehensive research using MSCs has led to significant preclinical or clinical outcomes; however, improving the survival rate, engraftment efficacy, and immunogenicity of implanted MSCs remains challenging. Although MSC-derived exosomes were recently introduced and reported to have great potential to replace conventional MSC-based therapeutics, the poor production yield and heterogeneity of exosomes are critical hurdles for their further applications. Herein, we report the fabrication of exosome-mimetic MSC-engineered nanovesicles (MSC-NVs) by subjecting cells to serial extrusion through filters. The fabricated MSC-NVs exhibit a hydrodynamic size of ~120 nm, which is considerably smaller than the size of MSCs (~30 μm). MSC-NVs contain both MSC markers and exosome markers. Importantly, various therapeutic growth factors originating from parent MSCs are encapsulated in the MSC-NVs. The MSC-NVs exerted various therapeutic effects comparable to those of MSCs. They also significantly induced the angiogenesis of endothelial cells and showed neuroprotective effects in damaged neuronal cells. The results collectively demonstrate that the fabricated MSC-NVs can serve as a nanosized therapeutic agent for tissue regeneration.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document