scholarly journals The Relationship between Cancer Caregiver Burden and Psychological Outcomes: The Moderating Role of Social Connectedness

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-26
Author(s):  
Eva Y. N. Yuen ◽  
Carlene J. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Caregiver Burden ◽  
Social Connectedness ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Psychological Resources ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cancer Caregivers ◽  
The Relationship

The present study: (a) examined the extent of caregiver burden and psychological wellbeing and (b) tested whether social connectedness moderated the association between caregiver burden and psychological symptoms in caregivers of people with cancer. The cross-sectional survey study included 189 cancer caregivers (mean age = 36.19 years, standard deviation = 11.78; 80.4% female). Data were collected on caregiver burden, social connectedness, and depression and anxiety. Moderation analysis was conducted to examine the effect of social connectedness on the relationship between caregiver burden and depression and anxiety. Caregiver burden was positively associated with depression and anxiety symptoms. Controlling for significant demographic and caregiver characteristics, the moderation model showed as perceived social connectedness increased, the relationship between caregiver burden and depression decreased (β = −0.007, se = 0.004, 95% CI: −0.014, 0.000, p = 0.05). By contrast, social connectedness did not moderate the association between caregiver burden and anxiety. Findings have implications for the management of depression in cancer caregivers. Social connectedness appears to provide a protective buffer from the negative impacts of caregiving, providing increased psychological resources to manage the burden associated with caregiving, resulting in lower depression. Research on strategies to improve caregiver wellbeing through enhancing engagement with social networks in ways that improve perceived sense of connectedness with others is warranted.

Does supervisor gender moderate the mediation of job embeddedness between LMX and job satisfaction?

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jodie Louise Stewart ◽  
Karl Kilian Konrad Wiener
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Leadership Style ◽  
Role Theory ◽  
Job Embeddedness ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose This paper aims to examine the quality of the relationship between a supervisor and their subordinate, conceptualised as leader member exchange (LMX), and the mediating influence of subordinate’s job embeddedness on job satisfaction. The LMX model considered the four-gender dominant leadership style facets, female – affect and loyalty (communal), and male – contribution and professional respect (agentic). Social role theory was applied to explain societies influence on leadership style. The moderating influence of supervisor gender on the relationship of LMX facets and subordinate embeddedness is investigated. Design/methodology/approach This cross-sectional survey study of 213 self-selected employed participants investigated the mediation of job embeddedness LMX and job embeddedness and the moderation impact of supervisor gender on this mediation. Findings Job embeddedness mediated the relationship between all four facets of LMX and job satisfaction. Supervisor gender did not moderate the relationships of the four LMX facets and job embeddedness. These findings highlight the potential impact of a homogeniuos sample in relation to industry type and culture as this may impact on the findings. That is, participants in this study were predominantly females working in female dominant industries. Originality/value This study builds on the work of Collins et al. (2014) who examined the moderating impact of subordinate gender on the mediating relationship of job embeddedness on the relationship between LMX facets and job satisfaction. Previously, the gender role of supervisors on this relationship was not explored.

scholarly journals The Relation Between Official WhatsApp-Distributed COVID-19 News Exposure and Psychological Symptoms: Cross-Sectional Survey Study (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean C J Liu ◽  
Eddie M W Tong
Keyword(s):  
Protective Factor ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Primary Outcome Measure ◽  
World Health ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Health Organization

BACKGROUND In a global pandemic, digital technology offers innovative methods to disseminate public health messages. As an example, the messenger app WhatsApp was adopted by both the World Health Organization and government agencies to provide updates on the coronavirus disease (COVID-19). During a time when rumors and excessive news threaten psychological well-being, these services allow for rapid transmission of information and may boost resilience. OBJECTIVE In this study, we sought to accomplish the following: (1) assess well-being during the pandemic; (2) replicate prior findings linking exposure to COVID-19 news with psychological distress; and (3) examine whether subscription to an official WhatsApp channel can mitigate this risk. METHODS Across 8 weeks of the COVID-19 outbreak (March 7 to April 21, 2020), we conducted a survey of 1145 adults in Singapore. As the primary outcome measure, participants completed the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21). As predictor variables, participants also answered questions pertaining to the following: (1) their exposure to COVID-19 news; (2) their use of the Singapore government’s WhatsApp channel; and (3) their demographics. RESULTS Within the sample, 7.9% of participants had severe or extremely severe symptoms on at least one DASS-21 subscale. Depression scores were associated with increased time spent receiving COVID-19 updates, whereas use of the official WhatsApp channel emerged as a protective factor (<i>b</i>=–0.07, <i>t</i>[863]=–2.04, <i>P</i>=.04). Similarly, increased anxiety scores were associated with increased exposure to both updates and rumors, but this risk was mitigated by trust in the government’s WhatsApp messages (<i>b</i>=–0.05, <i>t</i>[863]=–2.13, <i>P</i>=.03). Finally, although stress symptoms increased with the amount of time spent receiving updates, these symptoms were not significantly related to WhatsApp use. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that messenger apps may be an effective medium for disseminating pandemic-related information, allowing official agencies to reach a broad sector of the population rapidly. In turn, this use may promote public well-being amid an “infodemic.” CLINICALTRIAL ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04305574; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04305574

scholarly journals Effect of Resilience on Stress, Anxiety and Depression in Grass-roots Civil Servants: The Mediating and Moderating Model

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huiling Song ◽  
Mengjie Zhang ◽  
Yanjie Wang ◽  
Liying Yang ◽  
Yanyu Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depression Scale ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Civil Servants ◽  
The Self ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Self Rating ◽  
Resilience Scale ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background: Civil servants are a special group in China, and there is limited research on how their resilience affects mental health, such as depression and anxiety. Therefore, the aim of the paper is to explore the role of resilience through the relationship between stress, depression and anxiety, and to further provide an explanation for how resilience interacts with stress, depression and anxiety in civil servants.Method: In a cross-sectional survey, 302 civil servants completed a battery of questionnaires. The Civil Servants Stress Scale (CSSS) was used to assess the stress of civil servants. The depression and anxiety of participants were evaluated by the Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) and the Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), respectively. The Conner-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) was used to assess the stress of civil servants as well. We conducted the moderating and mediating models to the resilience, depression and anxiety in gross-roots civil servants.Results: The results have shown that resilience was related to stress, depression, and anxiety in civil servants at the basic level. Stress was positively correlated with resilience. On the contrary, stress was negatively associated with depression and anxiety.Conclusion: Resilience played the moderating and mediating roles for stress,depression and anxiety. Resilience can moderate the relationship between stress and depression, anxiety as a dynamic moderate mode. Improving resilience and reducing stress play a vital role in preventing depression and anxiety in gross-roots civil servants.

scholarly journals The association between physicians’presenteeism and job burnout: a cross-sectional survey study in China

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
pei pei ◽  
Guohua Lin ◽  
Gaojie Li ◽  
Yifan Zhu ◽  
Xiaoyu Xi
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Exhaustion ◽  
Job Burnout ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Medical Institutions ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background: Research shows that physicians often report job burnout and have a high level of presenteeism, but few studies concerns the relationship between job burnout and presenteeism. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between physicians’ presenteeism and three dimensions of job burnout in China, and to identify aspects that can help alleviate presenteeism. Methods: A cross-sectional survey involving physicians in second-and third-class medical institutions was conducted in the interior of China. Using a single presenteeism questionnaire and a 15-item Chinese version of the BMI-GS questionnaire, this study investigated prevalence of physicians' presenteeism behavior and job burnout in three dimensions, and determined the relationship between presenteeism and job burnout by logistical model. Results: Relationships between presenteeism and three dimensions of job burnout were explored, and the influence of demography and work factors were evaluated. The survey was completed by 1376/1547 hospital doctors, with a response rate of 88.9%. 30.7%(n=422) of the subjects reported having presenteeism behavior. Using MBI-GS, 86.8%(n=1195) of physicians were moderately burnout and 6.0%(n=82) were severely job burnout. Logistic regression analysis showed that physicians with moderate, severe emotional exhaustion and severe cynicism were more likely to engage in presenteeism (all p < 0.05). In addition, two other work-related factors, including the physician's department and position, were also more likely to influence their presenteeism (all p < 0.05). Conclusions: At present, there is quite presenteeism among physicians in the second-and third-class medical institutions in China, which is significantly related to emotional exhaustion and cynicism. Considering the modifiable job-related factors, health care institutions must take appropriate measures to relieve physicians' job burnout, help them adjust their self-awareness properly, and ensure occupational mental health to alleviate the prevalence of presenteeism. Keywords: presenteeism, job burnout, emotional exhaustion, cynicism, physicians

scholarly journals Adoption of Mobile Apps for Depression and Anxiety: Cross-Sectional Survey Study on Patient Interest and Barriers to Engagement

10.2196/11334 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. e11334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Lipschitz ◽  
Christopher J Miller ◽  
Timothy P Hogan ◽  
Katherine E Burdick ◽  
Rachel Lippin-Foster ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Mobile Apps ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Mental Health Provider ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Health Administration ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background Emerging research suggests that mobile apps can be used to effectively treat common mental illnesses like depression and anxiety. Despite promising efficacy results and ease of access to these interventions, adoption of mobile health (mHealth; mobile device–delivered) interventions for mental illness has been limited. More insight into patients’ perspectives on mHealth interventions is required to create effective implementation strategies and to adapt existing interventions to facilitate higher rates of adoption. Objective The aim of this study was to examine, from the patient perspective, current use and factors that may impact the use of mHealth interventions for mental illness. Methods This was a cross-sectional survey study of veterans who had attended an appointment at a single Veterans Health Administration facility in early 2016 that was associated with one of the following mental health concerns: unipolar depression, any anxiety disorder, or posttraumatic stress disorder. We used the Veteran Affairs Corporate Data Warehouse to create subsets of eligible participants demographically stratified by gender (male or female) and minority status (white or nonwhite). From each subset, 100 participants were selected at random and mailed a paper survey with items addressing the demographics, overall health, mental health, technology ownership or use, interest in mobile app interventions for mental illness, reasons for use or nonuse, and interest in specific features of mobile apps for mental illness. Results Of the 400 potential participants, 149 (37.3%, 149/400) completed and returned a survey. Most participants (79.9%, 119/149) reported that they owned a smart device and that they use apps in general (71.1%, 106/149). Most participants (73.1%, 87/149) reported interest in using an app for mental illness, but only 10.7% (16/149) had done so. Paired samples t tests indicated that ratings of interest in using an app recommended by a clinician were significantly greater than general interest ratings and even greater when the recommending clinician was a specialty mental health provider. The most frequent concerns related to using an app for mental illness were lacking proof of efficacy (71.8%, 107/149), concerns about data privacy (59.1%, 88/149), and not knowing where to find such an app (51.0%, 76/149). Participants expressed interest in a number of app features with particularly high-interest ratings for context-sensitive apps (85.2%, 127/149), and apps focused on the following areas: increasing exercise (75.8%, 113/149), improving sleep (73.2%, 109/149), changing negative thinking (70.5%, 105/149), and increasing involvement in activities (67.1%, 100/149). Conclusions Most respondents had access to devices to use mobile apps for mental illness, already used apps for other purposes, and were interested in mobile apps for mental illness. Key factors that may improve adoption include provider endorsement, greater publicity of efficacious apps, and clear messaging about efficacy and privacy of information. Finally, multifaceted apps that address a range of concerns, from sleep to negative thought patterns, may be best received.

scholarly journals Predictors of Depressive Symptoms among Family Caregivers of Patients with Dementia in Java, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 73 (8) ◽  
pp. 549-558
Author(s):  
Yossie Susanti Eka Putri ◽  
Yajai Sitthimongkol ◽  
Virapun Wirojratana ◽  
Natkamol Chansatitporn
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Caregiver Burden ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Relationship

Objective: Depressive symptoms are common mental health problems among the family caregivers of patients with dementia. However, little is known about the prevalence of depressive symptoms among the family caregivers of patients with dementia in Indonesia. This study aimed to examine: 1) the factors predicting depressive symptoms, 2) the mediating role of social support in the relationship between burden and depressive symptoms, and 3) the association between depressive symptoms and healthcare utilization among family caregivers.Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study involving 250 family caregivers of patients with dementia recruited from four hospitals in Java, Indonesia. Data were collected by Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI); the Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire (NPI-Q), the Mastery scale, the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) Scale. Descriptive statistics, chi-square test, hierarchical multiple linear regression, and Baron and Kenny's regression method were used to analyze the data.Results: The results revealed that about a quarter of the participants (24.8%) experienced depressive symptoms. Caregiver burden, mastery, behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia, and social support explained 45.5% of the variance in the prevalence of depressive symptoms among family caregivers (R2=0.455). Social support also partially mediated the association between caregiver burden and depressive symptoms. There was no association between depressive symptoms and the use of healthcare services among the family caregivers.Conclusion: The findings revealed that social support is a mediating factor affecting the relationship between caregiver burden and depressive symptoms. Interventions targeting social support to help alleviate caregiver burden would be effective in helping reduce depressive symptoms in the family caregivers of patients with dementia.

Survey study on interrelationship of way of life and etiopathogenesis of Prameha

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohan Krishna Dwivedi ◽  
Dhoke S P ◽  
HARI BAKSH ◽  
SARVESH SINGH
Keyword(s):  
Life Style ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Food Habits ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Materials ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction: In 21st century, non-communicable diseases are prone to kill more people which are the result of changing Lifestyle, includes unhealthy dietary habits and malfeasance behavioural pattern. In Ayurveda, Ahara Vidhi (Dietary rules), Vihara (Conducts) etc. are described in detail which can be included under the heading Lifestyle in which Prameha is one of them. Aims: To establish the relationship between disturbances in lifestyle and manifestation of disease Prameha. Settings and Design: Cross sectional Survey Study. Materials and Methods: Survey study was carried out on 72 diagnosed patients of Prameha with disturbed lifestyle which shows that disturbances in Lifestyle such as irregular food habits, irregular sleep pattern affects the balances of Doshas and further Kosthaa and Agni. Results: Meda and Mutra Vriddhi leads to Medovaha Srotas Dushti and by lack of Hygiene the Svedavaha Sroto Dushti occurs. Hence finally get affected with Apathyanimmitaja-Prameha. Conclusions: Most of the lifestyle and dietary pattern in today’s era belongs to Parthiva and Jala Mahabhuta dominance. Hence by avoiding these type of dietary pattern and life style someone escapes these type of life style disease.

scholarly journals The association between doctors’ presenteeism and job burnout:a cross-sectional survey study in China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
pei pei ◽  
Guohua Lin ◽  
Gaojie Li ◽  
Yifan Zhu ◽  
Xiaoyu Xi
Keyword(s):  
Reference Value ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Job Burnout ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Degree ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background: It is necessary to examine doctors working with illness from a professional point of view, because it is not only related to their occupational health, but more importantly, will affect the treatment effect of patients and the overall medical level of the hospital. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between doctors’ presenteeism and job burnout, and to identify other factors that are associated with presenteeism.Methods: A cross-sectional survey involving doctors (except for primary doctors) was conducted in China. Using one item measure about presenteeism and a 15-item Chinese version of the BMI-GS questionnaire, this study investigated prevalence of doctors' presenteeism and job burnout, and determined the relationship between presenteeism and job burnout by logistical model.Results: Relationship between presenteeism and job burnout were explored, and the influence of work factors were evaluated. The survey was completed by 1376/1547 hospital doctors, with a response rate of 88.9%. Presenteeism was reported by 30.7% of participants. Using MBI-GS, 86.8% of all doctors had moderate job burnout and 6.0%(n=82) were severe job burnout. Logistic regression analysis showed that doctors with medium, high degree of emotional exhaustion and high degree of cynicism were more likely to practice presenteeism (all p < 0.05). In addition, two other work-related factors, including the doctors' department and position, were also likely to relate with presenteeism (all p < 0.05).Conclusions: By examining the relationship between presenteeism and job burnout, this study determined that there is indeed a significant correlation between the two. This result has a certain reference value for the development of work health, especially presenteeism and job burnout theory, and also makes a certain contribution to the relevant research literature.

scholarly journals Mediators of the Relationship Between Functional Limitations and Loneliness Among Homebound African Americans

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 294-294
Author(s):  
Maritza Dowling ◽  
Hiroko Dodge ◽  
Antonio Puente ◽  
Beverly Lunsford
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Latent Variables ◽  
Social Connectedness ◽  
Functional Disability ◽  
Functional Limitations ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mediation Effects ◽  
Indirect Path ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Physical/functional limitations are known to lead to loneliness, but there is little research on protective factors that may mediate their adverse association, particularly in vulnerable populations. This study used cross-sectional survey data from 147 (aged 58-90 years; 75% females) predominantly low-income African American homebound community dwellers to investigate the role of resilience and social connectedness in mediating the effect of physical/functional limitations on loneliness. Items from validated instruments were used to measure four latent variables (physical/functional limitations, resilience, loneliness and social connectedness). Structural parallel mediator models estimated each path in the mediation analysis controlling for gender, education, and age. Confidence intervals for mediation effects were generated via bias-corrected bootstrapping with 10,000 replications. The total effect of physical/functional limitations on perceived loneliness was significant. Social connectedness and resilience fully and significantly mediated the relationship between physical/functional limitations and loneliness. The indirect effect (B =.143; 95% CI = .047, .280) for the physical/functional limitations-resilience-loneliness pathway indicated that the positive effect of physical/functional limitations on loneliness was approximately 0.143 points lower as mediated by higher resilience. The indirect path of physical/functional limitations on loneliness through the mediation of social connectedness (B =.077; 95% CI = .010, .168) yielded a reduction of .077 points. The total amount of variance in feelings of loneliness accounted for by the overall model, which included the proposed mediators and control variables, was 48.6%. Interventions to build resilience and social interactions may attenuate the effects of physical/functional disability and loneliness on health outcomes in individuals at risk.

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