scholarly journals From Resistance to Digital Technologies in the Context of the Reaction to Distance Learning in the School Context during COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 163
Author(s):  
Giusi Antonia Toto ◽  
Pierpaolo Limone

In the relationship between teachers and distance learning in the context of COIVD-19, a series of unprecedented dynamics have emerged relating to a process of open-air experimentation that is going on in the world of school. The main constructs investigated in this paper concern the professional perceptions of teachers in terms of their skills and resistances towards digital technologies. To investigate this topic, a questionnaire on distance learning was administered to a sample of 658 teachers. From a methodological point of view, factor and reliability analyses and correlation and regression analyses were conducted. From the analysis of the results, it emerged that the questionnaire measures the resistance of teachers to distance learning and focuses on three main dimensions (two positive and one negative) that link teachers’ perceptions to the resistance to distance learning. In conclusion, the theme of the acceptance of technologies in the practice of teachers is still a subject full of meaning for professional perception and vision. A second issue concerns precisely the relationship between digital technologies and users, which must no longer focus only on the relationship with students but also on the perspective of the other training actors, including teachers.

Author(s):  
Vinícius Lopes Salvi ◽  
Irene Lopes Salvi ◽  
Okçana Battini

Estudos apontam a questão da indisciplina, em sala de aula, como um grande desafio no contexto escolar. Porém, poucos estudos discutem a questão da indisciplina nas salas de aula do Ensino Superior. Assim, este artigo tem como objetivo identificar, a partir da percepção dos alunos a existência ou não da relação entre a indisciplina em sala de aula e a autoridade do professor no Ensino Superior. Neste sentido, procurou-se primeiramentecompreender a questão da autoridade docente e sua relação com a indisciplina com base nas contribuições de Novais (2004), Aquino (2003), Gallandm (2010) e Morais (2001). A pesquisa foi realizada tendo como base uma abordagem qualitativa, por meio de um estudo de caso, sendo o instrumento de coleta de dados um questionário semiestruturado com 64 alunos formandos do curso de Administração de uma Universidade privada. Na percepção dos alunos, os fatores determinantes da indisciplina, em sala de aula, estão centrados na forma como o professor se posiciona, apontando que estes podem reduzir a indisciplina, em sala de aula, a partir de aulas mais dinâmicas e posicionamento com maior autoridade. Levantou-se também que, na visão dos alunos, a autoridade do professor é conquistada pelo domínio do conteúdo, pela boa entonação de voz e, principalmente, por atitudes que controlem a indisciplina em sala de aula, como a punição dos alunos, que não seguem as regras preestabelecidas no ambiente de aprendizagem. Assim, identificou-se que a postura do professor faz com que este tenha autoridade ou não em sala de aula e que isso influencia, diretamente, no nívelde indisciplina em sala de aula. A indisciplina no espaço de ensino denota a perda da autoridade do professor, aspecto que foi apontado nas falas dos discentes entrevistados, tendo em vista que o professor precisa retomar sua autoridade, ficando evidente nas colocações que os alunos universitários esperam uma postura autoritária do professor para conduzir as aulas de maneira mais produtiva.Palavras-chave: Autoridade. Indisciplina no Ensino Superior. Sala de Aula. AutoritarismoAbstractStudies associate the indiscipline issue in the classroom as a major challenge in the school context. However, few studies discuss the indiscipline issue in higher education classrooms. Thus, this article aims to identify, from the students’ point of view whether or not the relationship between indiscipline in the classroom and the Professor’s authority in higher education. Therefore, it wastried to first understand the teaching authority issue and its relationshipto discipline based on the contributions of Novais (2004), Aquino (2003), Galland (2010) and Morais (2001). The survey was carried out based on a qualitative approach, through a case study, using a semi-structured questionnaire with 64 course Administration Private University’ graduate students in the northern Paraná. According to the students’ point of view the the indiscipline determiants in the classroom are focused on how the teacher stands, indicating they may reduce indiscipline in the classroom from more dynamic classes and positioning with greater authority. It was also raised that, according to the students, the Professor’s authority is gained through the content domain by using a good tone of voice and mainly attitudes that control the classroom indiscipline such as students’ punishment who do not follow the predetermined rules at the learning environment. Thus, it was found out that the Professor’s position allows the same to have control or not overthe classroom and that this attitude directly influences the classroom indiscipline level. Indiscipline in the educational environment conveys a message that the Professor lost theauthority, which was appointed in the students’ speeches interviewed, due to the fact that the Professor must regain his or herauthority,and it is evident according to the college students’ opinions that they expect a Professor’s authoritarian in order toto conduct classes more productively.Keywords: Authority. Indiscipline. Classroom. Authoritarianism


2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 200-214
Author(s):  
Concetta La Rocca ◽  
Massimo Margottini ◽  
Rosa Capobianco ◽  
Gabriella Tassone ◽  
Edoardo Casale

This work reports the results of an exploratory survey conducted among educators and teachers of the educational sector 0-6 in the Municipality of Rome. Due to the lockdown caused by the spread of Covid 19, also in Rome, as in most part of the world, nursery and kindergarten operators have been forced to organize distance didactic, using digital tecnology, to maintain the relationship with children and their families. In order to understand the ways in which they organized distance learning and their opinions on the matter, an online questionnaire was created and submitted. Interesting findings emerged: all the respondents (n=318) put a lot of effort into the design of distance learning approaches even if almost all (except 5) declared that they had no training in the use of digital technologies for educational purposes and never had them previously adopted.   L’uso delle tecnologie digitali per la costruzione di contesti educativi a distanza nel Nido e nella Scuola dell’Infanzia. Una indagine esplorativa.   Questo lavoro riporta gli esiti di un’indagine esplorativa condotta tra gli educatori e i docenti del settore educativo 0-6 del Comune di Roma. A causa della chiusura determinata dalla diffusione del Covid 19, anche a Roma, come nel resto del mondo, le operatrici dei nidi e delle scuole d’infanzia hanno organizzato interventi educativi a distanza, utilizzando le tecnologie digitali, per mantenere la relazione con i bambini e le loro famiglie. Per conoscere le modalità, le tecnologie adottate e le loro opinioni in merito, è stato costruito un questionario distribuito online. Sono emerse questioni interessanti: tutte le rispondenti (n=318) hanno posto molto impegno nella progettazione di interventi didattici a distanza anche se la quasi totalità (eccetto 5) ha dichiarato di non avere alcuna formazione nell’uso delle tecnologie digitali a scopo educativo e di non averle mai adottate in precedenza.


2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (7) ◽  
pp. 2281-2292
Author(s):  
Ying Zhao ◽  
Xinchun Wu ◽  
Hongjun Chen ◽  
Peng Sun ◽  
Ruibo Xie ◽  
...  

Purpose This exploratory study aimed to investigate the potential impact of sentence-level comprehension and sentence-level fluency on passage comprehension of deaf students in elementary school. Method A total of 159 deaf students, 65 students ( M age = 13.46 years) in Grades 3 and 4 and 94 students ( M age = 14.95 years) in Grades 5 and 6, were assessed for nonverbal intelligence, vocabulary knowledge, sentence-level comprehension, sentence-level fluency, and passage comprehension. Group differences were examined using t tests, whereas the predictive and mediating mechanisms were examined using regression modeling. Results The regression analyses showed that the effect of sentence-level comprehension on passage comprehension was not significant, whereas sentence-level fluency was an independent predictor in Grades 3–4. Sentence-level comprehension and fluency contributed significant variance to passage comprehension in Grades 5–6. Sentence-level fluency fully mediated the influence of sentence-level comprehension on passage comprehension in Grades 3–4, playing a partial mediating role in Grades 5–6. Conclusions The relative contributions of sentence-level comprehension and fluency to deaf students' passage comprehension varied, and sentence-level fluency mediated the relationship between sentence-level comprehension and passage comprehension.


2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anja Wertag ◽  
Denis Bratko

Abstract. Prosocial behavior is intended to benefit others rather than oneself and is positively linked to personality traits such as Agreeableness and Honesty-Humility, and usually negatively to the Dark Triad traits (i.e., Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy). However, a significant proportion of the research in this area is conducted solely on self-report measures of prosocial behavior. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between prosociality and the basic (i.e., HEXACO) and dark personality traits, comparing their contribution in predicting both self-reported prosociality and prosocial behavior. Results of the hierarchical regression analyses showed that the Dark Triad traits explain prosociality and prosocial behavior above and beyond the HEXACO traits, emphasizing the importance of the Dark Triad in the personality space.


2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-97
Author(s):  
Sarip Sarip ◽  
Nur Rahman ◽  
Rohadi Rohadi

This article aims to explore the relationship between the Ministry of Home Affairs (Kemendagri) and the Ministry of Villages (Kemendes) from theconstitutional law and state administrative law point of view.The second concerns of this research is the disharmony and problem between the two ministries.From the constitutional law point of view, it turns out that what the Ministry of Home Affairs is doing, is closer to the object of its discussion. The method used in this research is normative legal research bycomparingthe constitutional law and state administrative law to obtain clarity regarding the Ministry of Home Affairs and Ministry of Village. The result shows that the Ministry of Village approached the science of state administrative law, namely to revive or give spirits to the village. Disharmonization began to exist since the inception of the Ministry of Village. The root of disharmony itself was the improper application of constitutional foundations in the formation of the Village Law. It would be better if the government reassess the constitutional foundation for the village.


2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 2523-2529
Author(s):  
Slobodan Marković ◽  
Zoran Momčilović ◽  
Vladimir Momčilović

This text is an attempt to see sport in different ways in the light of ancient philosophical themes. Philosophy of sports gets less attention than other areas of the discipline that examine the other major components of contemporary society: philosophy of religion, political philosophy, aesthetics, and philosophy of science. Talking about sports is often cheap, but it does not have to be that way. One of the reasons for this is insufficiently paid attention to the relation between sport and philosophy in Greek. That is it's important to talk about sports, just as important as we are talking about religion, politics, art and science. The argument of the present text is that we can try to get a handle philosophically on sports by examining it in light of several key idea from ancient Greek philosophy. The ancient Greeks, tended to be hylomorphists who gloried in both physical and mental achievement. Тhe key concepts from Greek philosophy that will provide the support to the present text are the following: arete, sophrosyne, dynamis and kalokagathia. These ideals never were parts of a realized utopia in the ancient world, but rather provided a horizon of meaning. We will claim that these ideals still provide worthy standards that can facilitate in us a better understanding of what sports is and what it could be. How can a constructive dialogue be developed which would discuss differences in understanding of sport in Ancient Greece and today? In this paper, the authors will try to answer this question from a historical and philosophical point of view. The paper is divided into three sections. The first section of the paper presents two principally different forms or models of focus in sport competitions – focus on physical excellence or focus on game. The dialectic discourse regarding these two approaches to physical activity is even more interesting due to the fact that these two models take precedence over one another depending on context. In the second section of the paper, the focus shifts to theendemic phenomenon of the Ancient Greek Olympic Games, where the topic is discussed from the perspective of philosophy with frequent historical reflections on the necessary specifics, which observeman as a physical-psychological-social-spiritual being. In the third section of this paper, the authors choose to use the thoughts and sayings of the great philosopher Plato to indicate how much this philosopher wasactually interested in the relationship between soul and body, mostly through physical exercise and sport, because it seems that philosophers who came after him have not seriously dealt with this topic in Plato’s way, although they could.


Author(s):  
Суусар Искендерова

Аннотация: Исследование проблемы фольклоризма является наиболее актуальной в современной науке о фольклоре. На разных этапах развития художественной литературы для формирования индивидуального творчества писателя особенно значимым становятся фольклорные жанры, сюжетные мотивы и художественные средства. В статье рассматривается связь письменной литературы и фольклора, особенно точка зрения проблеме фольклоризма в прошлом и их анализ. Термин «фольклоризм» начал использоваться советскими исследователями учеными как научный термин еще в 1930-х гг. Термин «фольклоризм» используется в различных сферах культуры, а в этой статье мы будем рассматривать в литературе. Несмотря на то, что на протяжении многих лет этот вопрос изучается литературоведами, фольклористами, все -таки нет единого теоретического определения понятия. Ключевые слова: фольклор, фольклоризм, литература, культура, письменная литература, художественная литература, оседлый народ, пословицы и поговорки, фольклорные песни. Аннотация: Көркөм адабияттын өнүгүүсүнүн ар кайсы баскычтарында сүрөткердин жеке чыгармачылыгынын калыптанышы үчүн фольклордук жанрлар, сюжеттер, мотивдер жана көркөм каражаттар айрыкча мааниге ээ. Макалада жазма адабият менен фольклордук карым-катышы, айрыкча фольклоризм маселеси жөнүндө мурдагы көз караштарга кайрылып, аларга талдоо жүргүзүү менен бирге автор өз байкоолорунда келтирет. “Фольклоризм” деген илимий термин 1930-жылы баштап колдонула баштаган. “Фольклоризм” термини маданияттын түрдүү сфераларында кеңири колдо- нулат, бул жерде адабияттагы колдонулушун каралат. Макалада адабий материал менен фольклордук байланышын терең түшүнүү үчүн адабий фольклоризм маселесинин талаштуу жактары каралат. Түйүндүү сөздөр: фольклор, фольклоризм, адабият, маданият, жазма адабият, көркөм адабият, көчмөн калк, макал-лакап, фольклордук ырлар. Annotation: The study of the problem of folklore is the most relevant in the modern science of folklore. At various stages in the development of fiction, folklore genres, plot motifs, and artistic means become especially significant for the formation of the writer's individual creativity. The article examines the relationship between written literature and folklore, especially the point of view of the problem of folklorism in the past and their analysis. The term "folklorism" began to be used by Soviet scholars as a scientific term back in the 1930s. The term "folklorism" is used in various fields of culture, and in this article we will consider in the literature. Despite the fact that for many years this issue has been studied by literary scholars, folklorists, all the same there is no single theoretical definition of the concept. Keywords: folklore, folklorism, literature, culture, written literature, fiction, settled people, proverbs and sayings, folk songs.


Author(s):  
Ekaterina A. LOBANOVA

This article studies the cognitive features of the “power” frame and its gender implementation in the historical tragedy by W. Shakespeare “Macbeth”. Here, the author examines the concepts of “frame” and “gender” in linguistics, studying different approaches to their definition. The relevance of this work is determined by the close attention of the contemporary linguistics to these concepts, as well as their place in the contemporary academic paradigm. The academic affirmation of the “frame” and “gender” concepts designates a new step in understanding the ways and peculiarities of the language interaction, consciousness, and culture, and, consequently, it shows new aspects of the relationship of linguistics with other sciences. Nevertheless, the problems of both frame and gender are not yet fully understood. This study allows describing in detail the essence of the frame “power” and showing its meaning, use, and ways of its gender implementation in fiction, which explains the novelty of this article. The study’s methodology is based on the cognitive-discursive analysis of the text, as well as on an integrative approach to the discourse study, which combines methods of both cognitive and gender linguistics, as well as the discourse analysis. Common research methods were used along with private linguistic methods. The application of cognitive-discursive analysis has significantly increased the depth of understanding of the “power” frame that dominates Shakespeare’s historical tragedy. This historical text presents the central theme of political tragedy: the overthrow of the rightful ruler and the usurpation of power. The motive for the seizure of power forms a thematic core and is presented from the usurpers’ point of view. In this article, the author observes the gender shift and duality of the female and male beginnings: Shakespeare puts the female protagonist, hungry for power, among men, thus the images of Lady Macbeth and her husband come into conflict with the gender characteristics attributed to them. The play clearly traces the main idea of Machiavellianism: the goal justifies the means. The results conclude that the “power” frame is the leading one in Lady Macbeth’s monologue, thus setting one of the main themes of this tragedy.


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