Spatial Analysis of Residual Biomass and Location of Future Storage Centers in the Southwest of Europe

Forests can be exploited for obtaining biomass, which belongs to a bioenergy group with great energy potential that could replace fossil fuels. This article presents a novel procedure to quantify, map and define biomass, which takes into account both environmental and economic issues. With regard to the environment, only the annual growth of tree species is considered, and not the previous stocks. The growth is determined by logarithmic equations through an original procedure supported by a biomass estimator, which represents the amount of biomass generated annually for energy use, and by means of Excel tables, the exploitable biomass values are obtained. Previously, and by using GIS, areas with slopes exceeding 20% are discarded, thus avoiding soil erosion and damage, and in any case that biomass is not extracted for economic reasons. The same procedure is followed, discarding those areas located more than 4 km from forest roads and runways, as transport costs are increased. Finally, those layers with low energy potential are eliminated as well. Therefore, annually selected quantities of biomass can be obtained safely and abundantly by using detailed distribution maps of the resources, and through planning and performing efficient forestry extraction works.

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Biogas Potential Assessment of the Composite Mixture from Duckweed Biomass

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su14010351 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 351

Author(s):

Alexander Chusov ◽

Vladimir Maslikov ◽

Vladimir Badenko ◽

Viacheslav Zhazhkov ◽

Dmitry Molodtsov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fossil Fuels ◽

Energy Use ◽

Aquatic Vegetation ◽

Biogas Production ◽

Lemna Minor ◽

International Energy Agency ◽

Energy Potential ◽

Energy Agency ◽

Residual Biomass ◽

Composite Mixture

The article presents the research results of anaerobic digestion processes in bioreactors of composite mixtures based on initial and residual biomass of Lemna minor duckweed and additives: inoculum (manure), food waste, and spent sorbents to determine biogas potential (biogas volume, methane content). Duckweed Lemna minor, which is widespread in freshwater reservoirs, is one of the promising aquatic vegetation species for energy use. Residual biomass is obtained by chemically extracting valuable components from the primary product. The purpose of the research was to evaluate the possibility of the energy potential of residual biomass of Lemna minor to reduce the consumption of fossil fuels and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. This is in line with the International Energy Agency (IEA) scenarios for the reduction of environmental impact. The obtained results confirm the feasibility of using this type of waste for biogas/biomethane production. The recommendations on the optimal composition of the mixture based on the residual biomass of Lemna minor, which will allow for an increase in biogas production, are given. The obtained data can be used in the design of bioreactors.

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Possibilities of Energy Generation from Olive Tree Residues, by-products and Waste in Crete, Greece

Journal of Agricultural Studies ◽

10.5296/jas.v5i4.12114 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 110

Author(s):

John Vourdoubas

Keyword(s):

Power Generation ◽

Fossil Fuels ◽

Energy Use ◽

Energy Content ◽

Biogas Production ◽

Energy Generation ◽

Olive Tree ◽

Tree Biomass ◽

Energy Potential ◽

By Products

The objective of the current work is the investigation of the current utilization of olive tree residues, by-products and waste for energy generation in Crete and their future prospects. The quantity of olive tree biomass in Crete has been estimated and its potential for energy generation has been calculated. Possibilities for using it for heat production, power generation, biogas production, pellet manufacturing and fermentable sugar production have been investigated. Experiences in other olive oil producing countries have been recorded together with the technologies used or experimented with so far. The energy potential of olive tree biomass in Crete has been estimated at 24.05 % of the TPES supply in the island. The only highly utilized olive tree by-product for heat generation by combustion in Crete is the olive kernel wood. Olive tree pruning have the highest energy content but they are underutilized in Crete. Their successful utilization in other countries for pellet manufacturing and power generation indicates that their exploitation should be promoted in Crete. The results of this study indicate that olive tree cultivation in Crete, apart from producing a high nutritional edible product, generates residues, by-products and waste which if properly utilized could contribute in the reduction of fossil fuels used and the carbon footprint due to energy use in the island.

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Transportation: Fuel Energies

10.1093/oso/9780198802297.003.0009 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Peter Rez

Keyword(s):

Energy Density ◽

Fossil Fuels ◽

High Energy ◽

Ease Of Use ◽

Low Energy ◽

High Energy Density ◽

Nuclear Fuels ◽

Liquid Hydrocarbons ◽

Transportation Fuel ◽

Journey Time

Transportation efficiency can be measured in terms of the energy needed to move a person or a tonne of freight over a given distance. For passengers, journey time is important, so an equally useful measure is the product of the energy used and the time taken for the journey. Transportation requires storage of energy. Rechargeable systems such as batteries have very low energy densities as compared to fossil fuels. The highest energy densities come from nuclear fuels, although, because of shielding requirements, these are not practical for most forms of transportation. Liquid hydrocarbons represent a nice compromise between high energy density and ease of use.

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Quitting (The) Habit: Fossil Fuels, Governmentality and the Politics of Energy Dependency

New Formations ◽

10.3898/newf:103.04.2021 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 103 (103) ◽

pp. 63-77

Author(s):

Imre Szeman

Keyword(s):

Specific Energy ◽

Fossil Fuels ◽

Energy Use ◽

Fossil Fuel ◽

Daily Life ◽

Practice Theory ◽

State Power ◽

System Change ◽

Analytic Tool ◽

Energy Dependency

This paper investigates habit in relation to fossil-fuel dependency. Habit names sets of actions and practices that are deeply codified into daily life, including practices connected to the use of large amounts of energy. Developing an understanding of energy habits appears to constitute a possible site of intervention into the ongoing use of fossil fuels. I argue that by tending to focus on individual energy practices, habit makes it difficult to raise larger, systemic questions related to energy use. Indeed, more critical explorations of habit, such as practice theory or via Bourdieu's notion of habitus, emphasise the need to attend to system more than specific energy habits. Investigating habit in relation to energy does, however, reveal some of the current limits and problems involved in changing fossil-fuel dependency on the part of many states. The paper turns to an investigation of the operations of governmentality in relation to energy to show the multiple ways in which the contemporary configuration of state power makes it unable to fully attend to fossil-fuel dependency. Making small changes to energy use via changes to energy habit never results in the system change required. While habit can thus be a useful analytic tool in understanding state power in relation to energy use, the paper argues that it is not a mechanism through which one might fundamentally change current configurations of energy dependency.

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The U.S. Role and Policy in Central Asia: Energy and Beyond

Arts Faculty Journal ◽

10.3329/afj.v4i0.12931 ◽

2012 ◽

pp. 33-51

Author(s):

AKM Iftekharul Islam

Keyword(s):

National Security ◽

Central Asia ◽

Fossil Fuels ◽

The United States ◽

Global Strategy ◽

Energy Resources ◽

Energy Potential ◽

Alternative Source ◽

The Arts ◽

The U.S

A significant geopolitical consequence of the demise of the Soviet Union1 in the international arena is the rise of intense political and commercial competition for control of the vast energy resources of the newly independent and vulnerable states of the Caucasus and Central Asia. These energy resources and, in particular, the oil and natural gas deposits have now become the apple of discord in Central Asia introducing a new chapter in the Great Game of control over Eurasia (Hill 1997: 200). The region has great energy potential and is strategically important. The United States has varied and at times competing interests in Central Asia. In the past few years, real and present dangers to the U.S. national security especially Islamist terrorism and threats to the energy supply, have affected the U.S. policy in Central Asia. The region, which includes the five post-Soviet states of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan, as well as Afghanistan and the Caspian basin, plays an important part in the U.S. global strategy in view of its proximity to Russia, China, India, Pakistan, Iran, and other key regional actors. No less important are its ethno-religious composition and vast deposits of oil, gas, coal, and uranium. Literally, the U.S. interests in Central Asia can be summarized in three simple words: security, energy, and democracy. Moreover, a key U.S. national security concern is the diversification of energy sources and the Caspian region is a significant alternative source of fossil fuels. In this article a critical analysis will be attempted on the U.S. policy and role in central Asia. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/afj.v4i0.12931 The Arts Faculty Journal Vol.4 July 2010-June 2011 pp.33-51

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The Role of Renewable Energy Sources in a Sustainable World

Energy & Environment ◽

10.1177/0958305x9200300407 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 3 (4) ◽

pp. 430-443 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ruud Pleune

Keyword(s):

Renewable Energy ◽

Energy Conservation ◽

Fossil Fuels ◽

Energy Use ◽

Renewable Energy Sources ◽

Energy Sources ◽

World Energy ◽

World Concept

Present energy use - largely dependent on fossil fuels - is incompatible with the sustainable world concept. In a sustainable world, energy sources are renewable and used in a way that damage to the environment is minimalized. This study investigates the possibility of a sustainable world using renewable energy sources. It appears that - when strict energy conservation is applied - such a sustainable world seems to be attainable. This requires, however, drastic changes in most parts of society.

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The Impact of Lack of Clean Cooking Fuels on Sustainable Development in Developing Countries

ASME 2018 12th International Conference on Energy Sustainability ◽

10.1115/es2018-7112 ◽

2018 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ifeoluwa Garba ◽

Richard Bellingham

Keyword(s):

Sustainable Development ◽

Developing Countries ◽

Fossil Fuels ◽

Energy Use ◽

Business Models ◽

Clean Energy ◽

Well Being ◽

The World ◽

Cooking Fuels ◽

The Impact

Access to energy is crucial in tackling many of the current global development challenges that impact on people’s economic, health and social well-being as well as the ability to meet the commitments of reducing carbon emissions through clean energy use. Despite increased attention from multiple governments and agencies, energy poverty remains a serious sustainable development issue in many developing countries. To date, most research have focused on general access to electricity and the generation of clean energy to replace fossil fuels, failing to address the lack of basic access to clean energy for cooking and heating. More people in the world lack access to clean cooking fuels than to electricity. This issue is one aspect of a broader research which investigates the impacts of optimized energy policy and energy business models on sustainable development in developing countries.

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A short review on the potential of coffee husk gasification for sustainable energy in Uganda

F1000Research ◽

10.12688/f1000research.10969.1 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 ◽

pp. 1809 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Gilbert John Miito ◽

Noble Banadda

Keyword(s):

Fossil Fuels ◽

Short Review ◽

Energy Market ◽

Energy Potential ◽

Coffee Production ◽

Heating Value ◽

Coffee Husk ◽

Gasification Process ◽

High Dependency ◽

Coffee Farmers

Agricultural biomass is widely recognized as a clean and renewable energy source, with increasing potential to replace conventional fossil fuels in the energy market. Uganda, like other developing countries, has a high dependency (91%) on wood fuel, leading to environmental degradation. With a coffee production of 233 Metric Tonnes per annum, relating to 46.6 Mega Tonnes of coffee husks from processing, transforming these husks into syngas through gasification can contribute to resolving the existing energy challenges. The objective of this article is to briefly review the energy potential of coffee husks through gasification, and how the gasification process could increase energy recoveries for coffee farmers. Previous findings indicate that the 46.6 Mega Tonnes per year of coffee husks generated in Uganda, with a heating value of 18.34 MJ/kg, is capable of generating 24 GWh of energy. This will address a 0.7% portion of the energy situation in Uganda, while protecting the environment.

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Design of Power Monitoring and Electrical Control Systems to Support Energy Conservation

Proceedings of the Pakistan Academy of Sciences: A. Physical and Computational Sciences ◽

10.53560/ppasa(58-sp1)726 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 58 (S) ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Fransiscus Yudi Limpraptono ◽

Eko Nurcahyo ◽

Mochammad Ibrahim Ashari ◽

Erkata Yandri ◽

Yahya Jani

Keyword(s):

Monitoring System ◽

Fossil Fuels ◽

Energy Use ◽

Electrical Power ◽

Electrical Energy ◽

Raspberry Pi ◽

Power Monitoring ◽

Increasing Demand ◽

Electrical Loads ◽

Control And Monitoring System

The increasing demand for electrical energy and the decreasing supply of fossil fuels in recent years have increased the cost of electrical energy. So that the culture of saving electrical energy is a habit that must be cultivated in the community. On the other hand, energy-saving behavior cannot be realized massively without a support system that can control energy use. With these concerns, it is necessary to develop a method that encourages a culture of saving electrical energy. This paper proposes a system that supports active energy efficiency methods that can support an energy-efficient culture. This system is an electric power monitoring system that is integrated with a smart electrical panel that continuously monitors the use of electrical energy and can control electrical loads automatically, record electricity usage, provide comprehensive reports and analyze energy usage. The method used to carry out this research is research and development. This research has produced a prototype of electrical power control and monitoring system that has a smart panel based on a raspberry PI 3 and PZEM-004t power energy meter. The monitoring system performs and executes automatic control of electrical loads. The system can also provide reports in the form of data monitoring in daily, weekly, monthly or annual period. From the test results, it can be concluded that the system can work well. This research is expected to contribute to providing a system that can support government efforts in saving energy.

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