scholarly journals Exploring the Political Discursive Lock-Ins on Sustainable Aviation in Sweden

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (21) ◽  
pp. 7401
Author(s):  
Aneta Kulanovic ◽  
Johan Nordensvärd
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Conservative Party ◽  
Path Dependency ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Aviation Industry ◽  
The Political ◽  
Green Party ◽  
The Road ◽  
Technology Changes ◽  
Lock In

This article analyses the political discourse about governing the future of the aviation industry in Sweden and how a polarized and entrenched discursive path dependency around aviation makes it difficult to invest into aviation’s possible futures as a sustainable transport. We find three different politically merged frames in the political discussion about governing the road to sustainable aviation: (1) Neoliberal sustainable aviation, (2) Green Keynesian sustainable aviation and (3) National environmentalists’ aviation. We can see a discrepancy between two merged frames that believe sustainable aviation will be possible with more or less government support and steering (Neoliberal sustainable aviation and Green Keynesian sustainable aviation) whereas the third merged frame (National environmentalists’ aviation) argues that aviation is bound to be environmentally inferior to trains and, therefore, all focus should go to the later. We can see that there is not just a path dependency in the merged frame of National environmentalists’ aviation that discounts the possibility that both the role of aviation or its sustainability can change as the technology changes. There is here a static perceived view of technology as being forever clean or dirty. Another path dependency is the linkage of aviation transport with particular political parties where the green party, for instance, oppose aviation while the conservative party wants to support aviation and innovation in aviation. This polarization is actually the largest and most important aspect of the discursive lock-in as this undermines any compromises or large-scale future investments in sustainable aviation.

Political Issues

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Solvang Koren
Keyword(s):  
Interwar Period ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Government Support ◽  
The Political ◽  
Shipping Industry ◽  
Political Issues ◽  
The Third ◽  
Supportive Role ◽  
Final Segment ◽  
The Government

This section approaches the political issues that concerned Norwegian shipping as part of the international shipping industry, from four separate angles. The first explores the Norwegian Health Policy as it related to merchant seamen between 1890 and 1940. The second explores the establishment of the Norwegian-American line between 1908 and 1913 and the extent to which the government played a supportive role through intervention, incentives, and nation-building strategies. The third continues to explore government support of maritime activity, by looking at the successes of Norwegian shipping in the Interwar period and the factors which enabled large-scale modernisation such as the re-evaluated tax regime that worked in favour of maritime expansion. The final segment examines the visibility of the small nation of Norway on the international maritime stage - particularly the formation of international organisations and networks, and cooperation between shipowners and government with the end goal of promoting Norwegian shipping to the international community. Overall, it determines that the cohesion between politics and trade helped strengthen Norwegian maritime endeavors during the early-twentieth century.

The Political Economy of Power: Approaches to the Analysis of Relationships between the State and Business in Russia

2011 ◽  
pp. 19-33
Author(s):  
A. Oleinik
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Retail Trade ◽  
Business Community ◽  
The Political ◽  
Economic Power ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
The Road ◽  
Ruling Elites

The article deals with the issues of political and economic power as well as their constellation on the market. The theory of public choice and the theory of public contract are confronted with an approach centered on the power triad. If structured in the power triad, interactions among states representatives, businesses with structural advantages and businesses without structural advantages allow capturing administrative rents. The political power of the ruling elites coexists with economic power of certain members of the business community. The situation in the oil and gas industry, the retail trade and the road construction and operation industry in Russia illustrates key moments in the proposed analysis.

Disruptive innovation and operationalization in local and sustainable food systems: Examining the University of Toronto-Local Food Plus partnership

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 120-139
Author(s):  
Lori Stahlbrand
Keyword(s):  
Food Systems ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Food System ◽  
Local Food ◽  
Disruptive Innovation ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Sustainable Food ◽  
University Of Toronto ◽  
The University

This paper traces the partnership between the University of Toronto and the non-profit Local Food Plus (LFP) to bring local sustainable food to its St. George campus. At its launch, the partnership represented the largest purchase of local sustainable food at a Canadian university, as well as LFP’s first foray into supporting institutional procurement of local sustainable food. LFP was founded in 2005 with a vision to foster sustainable local food economies. To this end, LFP developed a certification system and a marketing program that matched certified farmers and processors to buyers. LFP emphasized large-scale purchases by public institutions. Using information from in-depth semi-structured key informant interviews, this paper argues that the LFP project was a disruptive innovation that posed a challenge to many dimensions of the established food system. The LFP case study reveals structural obstacles to operationalizing a local and sustainable food system. These include a lack of mid-sized infrastructure serving local farmers, the domination of a rebate system of purchasing controlled by an oligopolistic foodservice sector, and embedded government support of export agriculture. This case study is an example of praxis, as the author was the founder of LFP, as well as an academic researcher and analyst.

Soil/Tire Interaction Analysis Using FEM and FVM

2005 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Oida ◽  
E. Seta ◽  
H. Heguri ◽  
K. Kato
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Interaction Analysis ◽  
Yield Criterion ◽  
Surrounding Medium ◽  
Flow Analysis ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Traction Force ◽  
Elastoplastic Material ◽  
The Road ◽  
Soil Flow

Abstract Vehicles, such as an agricultural tractor, construction vehicle, mobile machinery, and 4-wheel drive vehicle, are often operated on unpaved ground. In many cases, the ground is deformable; therefore, the deformation should be taken into consideration in order to assess the off-the-road performance of a tire. Recent progress in computational mechanics enabled us to simulate the large scale coupling problem, in which the deformation of tire structure and of surrounding medium can be interactively considered. Using this technology, hydroplaning phenomena and tire traction on snow have been predicted. In this paper, the simulation methodology of tire/soil coupling problems is developed for pneumatic tires of arbitrary tread patterns. The Finite Element Method (FEM) and the Finite Volume Method (FVM) are used for structural and for soil-flow analysis, respectively. The soil is modeled as an elastoplastic material with a specified yield criterion and a nonlinear elasticity. The material constants are referred to measurement data, so that the cone penetration resistance and the shear resistance are represented. Finally, the traction force of the tire in a cultivated field is predicted, and a good correlation with experiments is obtained.

Flexible Spectrum Management: Approaches for India

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arturo Basaure ◽  
Heikki Kokkinen ◽  
Heikki Hämmäinen ◽  
V. Sridhar
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Mobile Services ◽  
Radio Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Management ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Unlicensed Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Band ◽  
Management Policies ◽  
Management Approaches ◽  
Lock In

Radio spectrum for commercial mobile services continues to be scarce. Countries around the world have recognized the importance of efficient utilization of this scarce resource and have initiated regulatory and policy steps towards flexible approaches to spectrum management, including sharing of licensed spectrum, and releasing unlicensed spectrum for mobile services. Technologies for shared access and the associated standardization activities have also progressed towards possible large scale deployments. In this paper, we analyze the evolution of spectrum management policies using a causal model and indicate how the markets can lock in to either centralized or flexible approach. We also cite a use case of a flexible spectrum management approach using spectrum band fill option and indicate its suitability to the Indian context.

The Dual Executive

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Belco ◽  
Brandon Rottinghaus
Keyword(s):  
Policy Making ◽  
Political System ◽  
Government Support ◽  
The Political ◽  
Government Function ◽  
Dual Roles ◽  
System P ◽  
Policy Making Process

The president serves dual roles in the political system: one who “commands” by pursuing his or her agenda using unilateral orders and one who “administers” and who works to continue proper government function, often with the support of Congress. In a reassessment of the literature on unilateral power, this book considers the president’s dual roles during the stages of the policy-making process. Although presidents may appear to act “first and alone,” the reality is often much different. Presidents act in response to their own concerns, as well as assisting Congress on priorities and the need to maintain harmonic government function. The authors find support for both the model of an aggressive president who uses unilateral orders to push his or her agenda, head off unfavorable congressional legislation, and selectively implement legislation, and they find support for a unifying president who is willing to share management of government, support Congressional legislative efforts, and faithfully implement legislation. At the same time, presidents self-check their actions based on the ability of Congress to act to overturn their orders, through a shared sense of responsibility to keep government moving and out of respect for the constitutional balance. The shared nature of unilateral orders does not preclude an active president, as presidents remain strong, central actors in the political system.

scholarly journals In-Plane Heatwave Thermography as Digital Inspection Technique for Fasteners in Aircraft Fuselage Panels

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 132
Author(s):  
Michael Stamm ◽  
Peter Krüger ◽  
Helge Pfeiffer ◽  
Bernd Köhler ◽  
Johan Reynaert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inspection Time ◽  
Scanning Laser ◽  
Aviation Industry ◽  
Automated Inspection ◽  
Comparison Study ◽  
Laser Doppler Vibrometry ◽  
Inspection Method ◽  
Aircraft Fuselage ◽  
Temporal Tracking ◽  
Lock In

The inspection of fasteners in aluminium joints in the aviation industry is a time consuming and costly but mandatory task. Until today, the manual procedure with the bare eye does not allow the temporal tracking of a damaging behavior or the objective comparison between different inspections. A digital inspection method addresses both aspects while resulting in a significant inspection time reduction. The purpose of this work is to develop a digital and automated inspection method based on In-plane Heatwave Thermography and the analysis of the disturbances due to thermal irregularities in the plate-like structure. For this, a comparison study with Ultrasound Lock-in Thermography and Scanning Laser Doppler Vibrometry as well as a benchmarking of all three methods on one serviceable aircraft fuselage panel is performed. The presented data confirm the feasibility to detect and to qualify countersunk rivets and screws in aluminium aircraft fuselage panels with the discussed methods. The results suggest a fully automated inspection procedure which combines the different approaches and a study with more samples to establish thresholds indicating intact and damaged fasteners.

scholarly journals Genetic and Transcriptomic Biomarkers in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Current Situation and the Road Ahead

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1030
Author(s):  
Julie Lake ◽  
Catherine S. Storm ◽  
Mary B. Makarious ◽  
Sara Bandres-Ciga
Keyword(s):  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Open Science ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
The Road ◽  
Current State ◽  
Molecular Complexity ◽  
Science Framework ◽  
Lateral Sclerosis

Neurodegenerative diseases are etiologically and clinically heterogeneous conditions, often reflecting a spectrum of disease rather than well-defined disorders. The underlying molecular complexity of these diseases has made the discovery and validation of useful biomarkers challenging. The search of characteristic genetic and transcriptomic indicators for preclinical disease diagnosis, prognosis, or subtyping is an area of ongoing effort and interest. The next generation of biomarker studies holds promise by implementing meaningful longitudinal and multi-modal approaches in large scale biobank and healthcare system scale datasets. This work will only be possible in an open science framework. This review summarizes the current state of genetic and transcriptomic biomarkers in Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, providing a comprehensive landscape of recent literature and future directions.

scholarly journals Providing large-scale disk storage at CERN

2019 ◽  
Vol 214 ◽  
pp. 04033
Author(s):  
Hervé Rousseau ◽  
Belinda Chan Kwok Cheong ◽  
Cristian Contescu ◽  
Xavier Espinal Curull ◽  
Jan Iven ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Distributed Storage ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Disk Storage ◽  
The Road ◽  
Ongoing Work ◽  
Software Distribution ◽  
Microsoft Office

The CERN IT Storage group operates multiple distributed storage systems and is responsible for the support of the infrastructure to accommodate all CERN storage requirements, from the physics data generated by LHC and non-LHC experiments to the personnel users' files. EOS is now the key component of the CERN Storage strategy. It allows to operate at high incoming throughput for experiment data-taking while running concurrent complex production work-loads. This high-performance distributed storage provides now more than 250PB of raw disks and it is the key component behind the success of CERNBox, the CERN cloud synchronisation service which allows syncing and sharing files on all major mobile and desktop platforms to provide offline availability to any data stored in the EOS infrastructure. CERNBox recorded an exponential growth in the last couple of year in terms of files and data stored thanks to its increasing popularity inside CERN users community and thanks to its integration with a multitude of other CERN services (Batch, SWAN, Microsoft Office). In parallel CASTOR is being simplified and transitioning from an HSM into an archival system, focusing mainly in the long-term data recording of the primary data from the detectors, preparing the road to the next-generation tape archival system, CTA. The storage services at CERN cover as well the needs of the rest of our community: Ceph as data back-end for the CERN OpenStack infrastructure, NFS services and S3 functionality; AFS for legacy home directory filesystem services and its ongoing phase-out and CVMFS for software distribution. In this paper we will summarise our experience in supporting all our distributed storage system and the ongoing work in evolving our infrastructure, testing very-dense storage building block (nodes with more than 1PB of raw space) for the challenges waiting ahead.

scholarly journals A Parallel-Computing Approach for Vector Road-Network Matching Using GPU Architecture

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Wan ◽  
Lin Yang ◽  
Shunping Zhou ◽  
Run Wang ◽  
Dezhi Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Road Network ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Graphics Processing Unit ◽  
Road Networks ◽  
Processing Unit ◽  
Data Partition ◽  
Matching Method ◽  
The Road ◽  
Central Processing ◽  
Relaxation Matching

The road-network matching method is an effective tool for map integration, fusion, and update. Due to the complexity of road networks in the real world, matching methods often contain a series of complicated processes to identify homonymous roads and deal with their intricate relationship. However, traditional road-network matching algorithms, which are mainly central processing unit (CPU)-based approaches, may have performance bottleneck problems when facing big data. We developed a particle-swarm optimization (PSO)-based parallel road-network matching method on graphics-processing unit (GPU). Based on the characteristics of the two main stages (similarity computation and matching-relationship identification), data-partition and task-partition strategies were utilized, respectively, to fully use GPU threads. Experiments were conducted on datasets with 14 different scales. Results indicate that the parallel PSO-based matching algorithm (PSOM) could correctly identify most matching relationships with an average accuracy of 84.44%, which was at the same level as the accuracy of a benchmark—the probability-relaxation-matching (PRM) method. The PSOM approach significantly reduced the road-network matching time in dealing with large amounts of data in comparison with the PRM method. This paper provides a common parallel algorithm framework for road-network matching algorithms and contributes to integration and update of large-scale road-networks.

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