Application of MSVPC- 5G Multicast SDN Network Eminence Video Transmission in Drone Thermal Imaging for Solar Farm Monitoring

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (24) ◽  
pp. 8255
Author(s):  
R. Thenmozhi ◽  
B. Amutha ◽  
Sreeram Valsalakumar ◽  
Thundil Karuppa Raj Rajagopal ◽  
Senthilarasu Sundaram
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Imaging ◽  
Video Transmission ◽  
Multicast Routing ◽  
Cross Layer ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Prescriptive Analytics ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Very High ◽  
Simulation Time

The impact of multimedia in day-to-day life and its applications will be increased greatly with the proposed model (MSVPC)–5G Multicast SDN network eminence video transmission obtained using PSO and cross layer progress in wireless nodes. The drone inspection and analysis in a solar farm requires a very high number of transmissions of various videos, data, animations, along with all sets of audio, text and visuals. Thus, it is necessary to regulate the transmissions of various videos due to a huge amount of bandwidth requirement for videos. A software-defined network (SDN) enables forwarder selection through particle swarm optimization (PSO) mode for streaming video packets through multicast routing transmissions. Transmission delay and packet errors are the main factors in selecting a forwarder. The nodes that transfer the videos with the shortest delay and the lowest errors have been calculated and sent to the destination through the forwarder. This method involves streaming to be increased with the highest throughput and less delay. Here, the achieved throughput is shown as 0.0699412 bits per second for 160 s of simulation time. Also, the achieved packet delivery ratio is 81.9005 percentage for 150 nodes on the network. All these metrics can be changed according to the network design and can have new results. Thus, the application of MSVPC- 5G Multicast SDN Network Eminence Video Transmission in drone thermal imaging helps in monitoring solar farms more effectively, and may lead to the development of certain algorithms in prescriptive analytics which recommends the best practices for solar farm development.

scholarly journals IMRP: interference-aware multicasting for multiple flows in WMNs.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Behzad Farmani
Keyword(s):  
Single Channel ◽  
Multicast Routing ◽  
Mesh Networks ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Multiple Group ◽  
Multiple Flows ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Testbed Experiments ◽  
The Impact

Multicast is an important routing service for many of fundamental applications such as Webcasting, Video Streaming or Conferencing, Online Games. On the other hand, as much as Wireless Mesh Networks (WMNs) are growing and become more complex, the need for modification of Multicast Routing for WMNs with different constraints are increased as well. Therefor Researches on multicasting in WMN is still in initial stage. We focused on Multicasting over Single Channel WMNs with multiple group flows scenario. The main challenge on this scenario is the impact of interference between multiple flows on the performance of multicast flows. By increasing number of receiver nodes in a single channel area, the interference caused by multiple simultaneous flows in the network cannot be fully avoidable, but implementing a proper routing helps to improve the performance of the flows. In this research, we develop a new interference-aware routing metrics and implement it in our purposed routing scheme (IMRP) for multicasting multiple flows in WMNs. Our purposed metrics takes some new defined attributes of routing path into account. The purposed scheme is evaluated by simulating on Riverbed Modeller 17.5. Simulation and testbed experiments show that our proposed routing significantly improves the total Throughput as well as total Packet Delivery Ratio of multicast flows compared to existing standards.

scholarly journals Enhanced LION Optimization with Efficient Path Routing Equilization Technique Against DOS Attack in WSN

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elavarasan R ◽  
Chithra K
Keyword(s):  
Data Transmission ◽  
Denial Of Service ◽  
Cross Layer ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Security Level ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Dos Attack ◽  
Equalization Technique ◽  
The Cross ◽  
The Impact

Abstract In WSN, DOS (Denial of service) attack makes shortcoming system. The packets travel over and over in the sensor network. By that all the assets like data transmission, memory, and vitality are squandered by this attack. However, the attacker ought to optimize its attacker plan for request to boost the impact on the system performance because of the deficiency of vitality at the aggressor side. Denial of service (DoS) attack on the Internet has become a squeezing issue. By staying away from these sorts of attacks network performance can be improved. Therefore, Security is a fundamental requirement for these networks. Hence, to overcome the issues faced by the cross layer in the presence of DOS attack in WSN. For reliable data transmission, effective routing is required. This research work mainly focuses on the performance evaluation using optimization methods. To establish the efficient path in the Cross layer against DOS attack, this paper has proposed Enhanced lion optimization with efficient path routing equalization technique (LOEPRE). If there is any failure node occurs in the network then the node is recognized and communication of data packets again transmitted in another node. Retransmission of data causes overload in the network. The proposed model focuses on these issues and overcome these issues by improving the path efficiently with robust security. It consists of three phases: In initial phase include the route discovery in the network. In second phase, enhanced lion optimization technique is used for establish a route to transfer data with high security level. Finally, efficient path routing equalization technique is used for minimize the overload in the network, it provides the equalize path length in the network and is highly efficient. Hence, the proposed LOEPRE technique is used to achieve energy efficiency in wireless network for prolong network lifetime, minimum packet latency, minimize consumption of energy. Moreover, the simulation outcome of the proposed LOEPRE method highly robust while comparing to the existing methods EFCRS, SSPRA ELOER, EFLOR and TSTP. It achieves better performance than existing algorithms in comparing metrics connectivity ratio, end to end delay, overhead, throughput and packet delivery ratio.

scholarly journals IMRP: interference-aware multicasting for multiple flows in WMNs.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Behzad Farmani
Keyword(s):  
Single Channel ◽  
Multicast Routing ◽  
Mesh Networks ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Multiple Group ◽  
Multiple Flows ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Testbed Experiments ◽  
The Impact

Multicast is an important routing service for many of fundamental applications such as Webcasting, Video Streaming or Conferencing, Online Games. On the other hand, as much as Wireless Mesh Networks (WMNs) are growing and become more complex, the need for modification of Multicast Routing for WMNs with different constraints are increased as well. Therefor Researches on multicasting in WMN is still in initial stage. We focused on Multicasting over Single Channel WMNs with multiple group flows scenario. The main challenge on this scenario is the impact of interference between multiple flows on the performance of multicast flows. By increasing number of receiver nodes in a single channel area, the interference caused by multiple simultaneous flows in the network cannot be fully avoidable, but implementing a proper routing helps to improve the performance of the flows. In this research, we develop a new interference-aware routing metrics and implement it in our purposed routing scheme (IMRP) for multicasting multiple flows in WMNs. Our purposed metrics takes some new defined attributes of routing path into account. The purposed scheme is evaluated by simulating on Riverbed Modeller 17.5. Simulation and testbed experiments show that our proposed routing significantly improves the total Throughput as well as total Packet Delivery Ratio of multicast flows compared to existing standards.

scholarly journals Impact of Black Hole Attack over Random Aodv Routing Protocol

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1110-1115
Keyword(s):  
Black Hole ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Network Performance ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Black Hole Attack ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Random Node ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Selection Of

There are many researches in which the impact of black hole attacks at AODV networks is highlighted. In the research work, the impact of iBlack iHole iattack iover iAODV routing is calculated and random node selection technique is used. In addition, the simulation of black hole attacks’ impact on network performance is proposed in case of proposed model and traditional model. The selection of nodes is made randomly. The simulation of proposed selection based model is able to enhance the ratio of packet delivery. It is efficient to decrease the ratio of packet loss than traditional models. Comparative evaluation of the performance of existing and proposed model is made ion ithe ibase iof iPacket iDelivery iratio, iPacket iloss iratio, iPacket iDelivery iratio, iPacket iLoss iratio in case of 200 Node and 225 Node. This research paper also determined iAverage iEnd ito iEnd iDelivery iand iRouting iover head during comparative analysis. The proposed work can minimize the downfall in delivery ratio as the amount of malicious node increases.

Test of Mediation and Moderation between Employee Empathy and Customers’ Advocacy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sajjad Ahmad Afridi ◽  
Asad Shahjehan ◽  
Maqsood Haider ◽  
Dr Uzma Munawar
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Customer Loyalty ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
First Line ◽  
Private Hospitals ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Significant Moderator

This study examined the impact of employee empathy on customers’ advocacy directly and indirectly through customers’ loyalty. Moreover, the interacting effect of customers’ trust was verified between the association of customers’ loyalty and advocacy. The attributes of the proposed model were examined in the context of first line employee and patients’ interactions. A total of 220 responses were collected for analysis from the private hospitals of Peshawar. The model fitness was confirmed through confirmatory factor analysis and hypotheses were examined. Findings confirmed the positive and significant impact of employee empathy on customers’ advocacy. Further, the mediating effect was examined and found that loyalty partially mediates employee empathy and customers’ advocacy. Additionally, trust was found a significant moderator between the association of customer loyalty and advocacy. Furthermore, findings revealed that trust based loyalty significantly and positively mediates employee empathy and customers’ advocacy. Findings of the present study provide understanding for the service sector, particularly in healthcare, to enhance customers’ loyalty, advocacy, and trust through service employee’s empathic aptitude. Keywords: Employee empathy, Service Eco-system, Customers’ Loyalty, Customers’ Advocacy, Trust-Based Loyalty, Healthcare, S-D Logic

The impact of duration observations on precision of results GNSS measurements

2017 ◽  
Vol 921 (3) ◽  
pp. 7-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.V. Grishko
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Accuracy ◽  
Functional Dependence ◽  
Observation Time ◽  
Satellite Networks ◽  
Satellite Measurements ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Actual Error ◽  
Gnss Measurements ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Qualitative Characteristics

This paper shows that the accuracy of relative satellite measurements depend not only on the length of the baseline, as it is regulated by the rating formula of accuracy of GNSS equipment, but also on the duration of observations. As a result of the strict adjustment much redundant satellite networks with different duration of observations obtained covariance matrix of baselines, the most realistic reflecting the actual error of satellite observations. Research of forms of communication of these errors from length of the baseline and duration of its measurement is executed. A significant influence of solar activity on accuracy of satellite measurements, in general, leads to unequal similar series of measurements made at different periods, for example, in the production of monitoring activities. The model of approximation of the functional dependence of accuracy of the baseline from its length and duration of observations having good qualitative characteristics is offered. Based on the proposed model, we analyzed the dynamics of changes in measurement accuracy with an increase in observation time.

scholarly journals Do Prospective Teachers Care About PISA Studies? A Pilot Study among University Students in Germany

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Ioannidou ◽  
Despoina Georgiou ◽  
Andreas Obersteiner ◽  
Nilufer Deniz Bas ◽  
Christine Mieslinger
Keyword(s):  
Teacher Education ◽  
University Students ◽  
Prospective Teachers ◽  
International Student ◽  
Teacher Education Program ◽  
Student Assessment ◽  
International Student Assessment ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Very High ◽  
Expected Outcomes

The results of international comparison studies such as the Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) have initiated intense discussions about educational reforms in Germany. Although in-service and pre-service teachers are an essential part of such reforms, little is known about their attitudes towards PISA studies. The present study aims to fill this gap through the investigation of pre-service teachers’ awareness, interest, perception, and attitudes towards PISA. A questionnaire was used to survey a sample of 107 university students who were participating in a teacher education program. The results reveal that 100% of the participants are aware of PISA. Nearly 69% of the participants think that the impact of PISA is rather high or very high, while 41% of them believe that PISA results are reliable. Accordingly, half of the participants seem to be interested in PISA results for their country. The present study discusses these findings in the light of the expected outcomes as proposed in standards for teacher education.

scholarly journals The impact of quarantine on Covid-19 infections

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (s1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Marshall
Keyword(s):  
Health System ◽  
Infection Rate ◽  
District Level ◽  
Infection Model ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Lower Infection ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Lower Infection Rate ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Objectives: Coronavirushas had profound effects on people’s lives and the economy of many countries, generating controversy between the need to establish quarantines and other social distancing measures to protect people’s health and the need to reactivate the economy. This study proposes and applies a modification of the SIR infection model to describe the evolution of coronavirus infections and to measure the effect of quarantine on the number of people infected. Methods: Two hypotheses, not necessarily mutually exclusive, are proposed for the impact of quarantines. According to the first hypothesis, quarantine reduces the infection rate, delaying new infections over time without modifying the total number of people infected at the end of the wave. The second hypothesis establishes that quarantine reduces the population infected in the wave. The two hypotheses are tested with data for a sample of 10 districts in Santiago, Chile. Results: The results of applying the methodology show that the proposed model describes well the evolution of infections at the district level. The data shows evidence in favor of the first hypothesis, quarantine reduces the infection rate; and not in favor of the second hypothesis, that quarantine reduces the population infected. Districts of higher socio-economic levels have a lower infection rate, and quarantine is more effective. Conclusions: Quarantine, in most districts, does not reduce the total number of people infected in the wave; it only reduces the rate at which they are infected. The reduction in the infection rate avoids peaks that may collapse the health system.

scholarly journals An adaptive social distancing SIR model for COVID-19 disease spreading and forecasting

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (s1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Said Gounane ◽  
Yassir Barkouch ◽  
Abdelghafour Atlas ◽  
Mostafa Bendahmane ◽  
Fahd Karami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Theory ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Sir Model ◽  
Epidemic Threshold ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Sir Epidemic ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Disease Spreading ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Recently, various mathematical models have been proposed to model COVID-19 outbreak. These models are an effective tool to study the mechanisms of coronavirus spreading and to predict the future course of COVID-19 disease. They are also used to evaluate strategies to control this pandemic. Generally, SIR compartmental models are appropriate for understanding and predicting the dynamics of infectious diseases like COVID-19. The classical SIR model is initially introduced by Kermack and McKendrick (cf. (Anderson, R. M. 1991. “Discussion: the Kermack–McKendrick Epidemic Threshold Theorem.” Bulletin of Mathematical Biology 53 (1): 3–32; Kermack, W. O., and A. G. McKendrick. 1927. “A Contribution to the Mathematical Theory of Epidemics.” Proceedings of the Royal Society 115 (772): 700–21)) to describe the evolution of the susceptible, infected and recovered compartment. Focused on the impact of public policies designed to contain this pandemic, we develop a new nonlinear SIR epidemic problem modeling the spreading of coronavirus under the effect of a social distancing induced by the government measures to stop coronavirus spreading. To find the parameters adopted for each country (for e.g. Germany, Spain, Italy, France, Algeria and Morocco) we fit the proposed model with respect to the actual real data. We also evaluate the government measures in each country with respect to the evolution of the pandemic. Our numerical simulations can be used to provide an effective tool for predicting the spread of the disease.

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