scholarly journals Associations of Exposure to Nitrogen Oxides with Prevalent Asthma and Other Atopic Diseases in Israel

Environments ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 110
Author(s):  
Ruth Lev Bar-Or ◽  
Ilan Levy ◽  
Gilad Twig ◽  
David M. Broday ◽  
Andrey Lyubarsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Nitrogen Oxides ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Threshold Level ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Atopic Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Childhood Exposure ◽  
Prevalent Asthma

Childhood exposure to nitrogen oxides (NOx) is considered a risk factor for the onset of asthma. However, associations of this exposure with other atopic diseases and factors that modify this association are less clear. We aimed to study associations between exposure to NOx and the prevalence of atopic diseases in Israeli adolescents using a cross-sectional design. The study population comprised all Israeli-born adolescents whose medical status was evaluated for mandatory military recruitment during 1967–2017 (n = 2,523,745), of whom 5.9% had prevalent asthma. We based the exposure assessments on a land-use regression model and estimated associations using multivariable logistic regression models. Across all periods, mean exposure to NOx from birth to adolescence was associated with prevalent asthma at the examination in a dose-response manner, with an odds ratio for the upper quintile of 1.61 (95% CI: 1.56–1.67), in comparison to the lowest quintile. Associations were stronger in males and in lower socioeconomic strata. We found the strongest associations for asthma with comorbid rhinitis, with an almost twofold increase in the odds of upper versus lower quintile of exposure (odds ratio = 1.96, 95% CI: 1.82–2.11). Rhino-conjunctivitis and allergic atopic dermatitis suggested a possible threshold level with NOx. Capsule Summary: Research indicates that half of the global population will suffer from an allergic condition at some point in life. Childhood exposure to nitrogen oxides is a risk factor for the onset of asthma. The association between exposure and allergic diseases other than asthma is unclear. We demonstrate a strong, dose-response relationship between exposure and a group of allergic outcomes, using data comprising 2.5 million subjects over 50 years. The large health benefits from clean air should motivate governments to prioritize mitigation measures.

The VITA Project: Prothrombin G20210A Mutation and Venous Thromboembolism in the General Population

1999 ◽  
Vol 82 (11) ◽  
pp. 1395-1398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Tosetto ◽  
Edoardo Missiaglia ◽  
Maurizio Frezzato ◽  
Francesco Rodeghiero
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Venous Thromboembolism ◽  
General Population ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Genetic Variant ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Prothrombin G20210a ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
G20210a Mutation ◽  
Increased Risk

SummaryRecently a new identified genetic variant in the 3’-untranslated region of the prothrombin gene (G20210A allele) associated with increased plasma prothrombin levels has been linked to an increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). Most of our knowledge on the G20210A allele as a risk factor for VTE derives from a population-based case-control study and from studies on selected series of VTE patients. To determine the importance of the G20210A allele as a causative risk factor for VTE in the general population, we analyzed the cross-sectional data of the Vicenza Thrombophilia and Atherosclerosis (VITA) Project. One hundred sixteen cases of VTE, ascertained in a random fashion within the general population aged 18-65, were age and sex-matched with 232 healthy subjects. Heterozygosity for the G20210A allele was present in 4.3% of VTE cases and in 3.4% of controls, indicating a marginal increase of VTE risk in carriers of the allele (odds ratio: 1.26; 95% CI 0.4-3.9). However, the VTE risk was substantially higher in subjects with idiopathic VTE before age 45 or with recurrent, idiopathic VTE (odds ratio: 2.8; 95% CI 0.6-13.8) or in subjects with a family history of VTE (odds ratio: 7.6; 95% CI 1.8-32.8). Accordingly, our results suggest that the G20210A allele associates with VTE only in selected cases, and that screening for this genetic variant is not warranted for all patients with VTE.

scholarly journals SAT-545 Diabetes Mellitus Is the Risk Factor of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Events in Primary Aldosteronism

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michio Otsuki ◽  
Aya Saiki ◽  
Daisuke Tamada ◽  
Tetsuhiro Kitamura ◽  
Iichiro Shimomura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Primary Aldosteronism ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
University Hospitals ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Renal Disorder ◽  
Cerebrovascular Events ◽  
Sectional Analysis ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract The prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) in primary aldosteronism (PA) patients is higher than essential hypertension patients and general population. Though both DM and PA play an important role in the progression of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular (CCV) diseases, the relationship between DM and these diseases in PA patients have not been evaluated.The aim of this study was to investigate whether DM was involved in the risk of CCV events and the progression of renal disorder in PA patients. This study was conducted as a part of the Japan Primary Aldosteronism Study/ Japan Rare Intractable Adrenal Diseases Study (JPAS/JRAS) study and retrospective cross-sectional analysis. The nationwide PA registry in Japan was established at 29 centers, including 15 university hospitals and 14 city hospitals. Patients, who were diagnosed PA between January 2006 and October 2016 and had available data of CCV events and DM, were enrolled (n=2,524). Logistic and liner-regression analysis for CCV events and renal parameters were performed. DM significantly increased the odds ratio of CCV events (OR 1.59, 95% CI: 1.05-2.41). DM also significantly increased the odds ratio of proteinuria (OR 2.25, 95% CI: 1.59-3.16) and had significant positive correlation with declines in eGFR (β=0.05, p=0.02). In conclusion, DM is an independent risk factor for CCV events and proteinuria in PA patients. We should pay attention to whether DM coexists with PA and treat both DM and PA to prevent the exacerbation of CCV diseases and kidney disease. (Supported by AMED grants No. JP17ek0109112/ JP19ek0109352; National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Japan (27-1402/ 30-1008)).

scholarly journals Relationship between prescribed psychotropic medications and co-ingested alcohol in intentional self-poisonings

2017 ◽  
Vol 210 (3) ◽  
pp. 203-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate M. Chitty ◽  
Timothy Dobbins ◽  
Andrew H. Dawson ◽  
Geoffrey K. Isbister ◽  
Nicholas A. Buckley
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Psychiatric Illness ◽  
Psychotropic Medications ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Acute Distress ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Sectional Analysis

BackgroundAcute alcohol consumption is a major risk factor for suicide, therefore investigating factors associated with alcohol-related self-harm warrant attention.AimsTo investigate the influence of prescribed psychotropic medications on the odds of co-ingesting alcohol preceding or during intentional efforts to self-poison.MethodA cross-sectional analysis of consecutive hospital presentations following intentional self-poisoning was conducted. A total of 7270 patients (4363 women) aged 18–96 were included.ResultsThe odds of alcohol co-ingestion were increased in those not prescribed any medication (odds ratio (OR) = 1.27, 99% CI 1.10–1.46, P50.001) and in impulsive self-poisonings (OR= 1.39, 99% CI 1.11–1.74, P50.001). Odds were decreased in those prescribed anticonvulsants (OR = 0.69, 99% CI 0.51–0.93), antipsychotics (OR = 0.55, 99% CI 0.45–0.66) and antidepressants (OR = 0.87, 99% CI 0.77–0.99).ConclusionsFindings indicate that being medicated for a psychiatric illness may reduce the likelihood of alcohol consumption during times of acute distress, hence perhaps may reduce the risk of intentional self-poisoning.

scholarly journals The prevalence of denture stomatitis in cigarette and hookah smokers and opium addicts: findings from Rafsanjan Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Farimah Sardari ◽  
Parvin Khalili ◽  
Hamid Hakimi ◽  
Saadat Mahmoudaghaei ◽  
Pouya Abedi
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Response Relationship ◽  
Dose Response Relationship ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Denture Stomatitis

Abstract Background The aim of this study was to investigate the association of denture stomatitis prevalence with cigarette, hookah and opium consumption and also dose–response relationship between the cigarette smoking duration and odds of denture stomatitis in population of Rafsanjan cohort center. Methods This cross-sectional study based on data of Rafsanjan Cohort Study (RCS) with 10,000 participants. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 1619 participants were included in the analysis. Data were collected by oral examination and completion of pre-designed questionnaires to assess denture hygiene, smoking behavior, opium use and some other exposure variables. Multivariable logistic regression models were fitted to investigate possible association of cigarette, hookah and opium consumption and denture stomatitis. Results Prevalence of denture stomatitis among all 1619 denture wearers was 21.6%. Cigarette smoking was associated with a higher odds of denture stomatitis, with the adjusted odds ratio (95% CI) of 2.29 (1.53–3.41). Also, dose–response increases were observed with the highest odds ratio in the 4th quartile for denture stomatitis (p-value < 0.001). Opium consumption was associated with a decreased odds of denture stomatitis (adjusted OR; 0.81, 95% CI 0.58–1.13) which was not statistically significant. Also interaction between opium consumption and cigarette smoking was not associated with higher odds of denture stomatitis (adjusted OR: 1.65, 95% CI 0.85–3.22). Conclusions Based on the findings of the present study, while cigarette smoking had a dose–response relationship with the increased odds of denture stomatitis; this association was not found with opium consumption.

scholarly journals Malpositions of anterior teeth was conducted by using form investigation based on sex

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 05002
Author(s):  
Nirmalasari Nirmalasari ◽  
Erwan Sugiatno ◽  
Sri Widiati
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Risk Difference ◽  
Normal Position ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sex Research ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Lower Jaw ◽  
Cross Tabulation ◽  
Girl Students

Malpositioned anteriors teeth can aethetically influence, self-appearance, the function of mastication and speech. Malpositioned teeth refers to altered positioning of one or more teeth from a well-alligned jaw. In general, boy’s jaw is bigger than girl’s. This enable to makes difference risk of malpositioned anteriors teeth between boy and girl. The aim of this study to find information about to detect risk difference malpositioned anteriors teeth in student of SMPN 6 Yogyakarta based on sex. Research used observational with cross sectional. The subjects of study were entire student of class VII SMPN 6 Yogyakarta that fulfil criteria and got that is 211 students are 91 students of boy and 120 of girl students. The objects of this study are jaw of anteriors teeth on and lower jaw. The evaluation malpositioned anteriors teeth was conducted by using form investigation based on sex are boy and girl, evaluation appropriate criteria prevalence malpositioned anteriors teeth which cover mesioversion, distoversion, buccoversion, palatoversion, linguoversion, labioversion, torsiversion, transversion and axiversion was scored 1, while normal position was scored 0. The results of the research were obtained by applying statistics method which used cross tabulation to obtain Odds Ratio (OR) and appropriate magnitude OR = 0.59, OR < 1 (Protective risk factor), that meaning boy sex will be protected to the happening malpositioned anteriors is compared boy sex. From the research, it can be concluded that risk malpositioned anteriors teeth in girl student SMPN 6 Yogyakarta which was high than boy students.

The 20210 A Allele of the Prothrombin Gene Is a Common Risk Factor among Swedish Outpatients with Verified Deep Venous Thrombosis

1997 ◽  
Vol 78 (03) ◽  
pp. 0990-0992 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Hillarp ◽  
Bengt Zӧller ◽  
Peter J Svensson ◽  
Bjӧrn Dahlbäck
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Deep Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Untranslated Region ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Common Risk Factor ◽  
Apc Resistance ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Prothrombin Gene

SummaryA dimorphism in the 3’-untranslated region of the prothrombin gene (G to A transition at position 20210) has recently been reported to be associated with increases in plasma prothrombin levels and in the risk of venous thrombosis (1). We have examined the prothrombin dimorphism among 99 unselected outpatients with phlebography verified deep venous thrombosis, and in 282 healthy controls. The prevalence of the 20210 A allele was 7.1% (7/99) in the patient group, and 1.8% (5/282) in the healthy control group (p = 0.0095). The relative risk of venous thrombosis was calculated to be 4.2 (95% Cl, 1.3 to 13.6), and was still significant when adjustment was made for age, sex and the factor V:R506Q mutation causing APC resistance [odds ratio 3.8 (95% Cl, 1.1 13.2)]. As previously reported, 28% of the patients were carriers of the factor V:R506Q mutation. Thus, 34% (one patient carried both traits) of unselected patients with deep venous thrombosis were carriers of an inherited prothrombotic disorder. To sum up, our results confirm the 20210 A allele of the prothrombin gene to be an important risk factor for venous thrombosis.

Relationship of Scabies With Pioderma: As a Risk Factor

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-42
Author(s):  
Yulia Farida Yahya ◽  
Fifa Argentina ◽  
Rusmawardiana Rusmawardiana
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Elementary School ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Group A Streptococcus ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Government ◽  
Scabies Infestation

Scabies is a parasitic infestation of the skin, that is affecting on the low income and crowded community in many tropical countries, especially developing countries such as Indonesia. Scabies infestation increases the incidence of secondary pyoderma include impetigo, folliculitis, cellulitis, ecthyma, abscess. Secondary pyoderma is a skin infection disease mainly caused by     group A Streptococcus (GAS) and Staphylococcus aureus (SA). Pyoderma is a risk factor for the glomerulonephritis infection, rheumatic diseases, which significantly increases morbidity and mortality, causing the government burden. The aim of this study is  determining the etiology and correlation of pyoderma infection in scabies patient. To determine sosio-demographic included sex, age in pediatric patients in primary schools (SD) in the district of Kertapati Palembang. The study design was cross sectional, and study samples were new scabies patients in the elementary school (age 6-14-year-old) with or without pyoderma. Clinical findings included history, physical examination and diagnostic procedure, which was investigation of skin scraping specimen material (SSB = skin surface biopsy) in confirmation with dermoscopic polar examination (DS) to show Sarcoptes scabiei mites. Microbiological examination with Gram stain identified the etiology of pyoderma.  Results of this study shows that there was a significance relationship between scabies infestation and pyoderma in children in elementary school. Staphylococcus aureus dan GAS are the most common caused of pyoderma in pediatric patients with scabies. Conclusion is there is a significant correlation between scabies and pyoderma. There is  a need to provide scabies and pyoderma medication at primary care health center as well as counseling for prevention in Palembang area with crowded population periodically.  

Hubungan Pengetahuan, Usia Dan Paritas Dengan Kejadian Komplikasi Kehamilan Pada Ibu Hamil Trimester Iii Di Rumah Sakit Ibu Dan Anak Aisyiyah Samarinda

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Siti Komariah ◽  
Hary Nugroho
Keyword(s):  
Odds Ratio ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Purposive Sampling

Latar Belakang:Komplikasi kehamilan adalah kegawat daruratan obstetrik yang dapat menyebabkan kematian pada ibu dan bayi. Penyebab komplikasi kehamilan diantaranya kurangnya pengetahuan ibu tentang deteksi dini kehamilannya, usia pasien < 20 tahun dan > 35 tahun serta anak lebih dari 3.Tujuan :Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan, usia dan paritas dengan kejadian komplikasi kehamilan pada ibu hamil trimester III.Metode Penelitian:Jenis penelitian observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling, sehingga sampel adalah ibu hamil trimester III yang berkunjung di Rumah Sakit Ibu dan Anak Aisyiyah Samarinda berjumlah 84 orang. Analisis yang digunakan uji chi square.Hasil : Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat responden yang memiliki pengetahuan kurang baik, terdapat usia berisiko antara < 20 tahun dan > 35 tahun, terdapat paritas berisiko > 3 orang anak dan komplikasi kehamilan berupa hipertensi, anemia, preeklempsia dan plasenta previa. Ada hubungan pengetahuan dengan kejadian komplikasi kehamilan (p value : 0,001 < α : 0,05 dan odds ratio : 6,800 > 1). Ada hubungan usia dengan kejadian komplikasi kehamilan (p value : 0,003 < α : 0,05 dan odds ratio : 5,837 > 1). Ada hubungan paritas dengan kejadian komplikasi kehamilan (p value : 0,002 < α : 0,05 dan odds ratio : 6,250 > 1).Kesimpulan: Terdapat pengetahuan kurang baik berjumlah 27 responden (32,1%), usia berisiko (< 20 tahun dan ≥ 35 tahun) berjumlah 25 responden (29,8%), paritas berisiko (1 atau ≥ 3 orang anak) berjumlah 21 responden (25%) dan ada komplikasi kehamilan berjumlah 18 responden (21,4%), Ada hubungan pengetahuan, usia dan paritas dengan kejadian komplikasi kehamilan pada ibu hamil trimester III di Rumah Sakit Ibu dan Anak Aisyiyah Samarinda.

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