scholarly journals A Literature Review on Cable Extraction Practices of South Korea: 1990–2020

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 908
Author(s):  
Eun-Jai Lee ◽  
Yun-Sung Choi ◽  
Min-Jae Cho ◽  
Koo-Hyun Cho ◽  
Jae-Heun Oh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
The United States ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Late 20Th Century ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Productivity Data ◽  
Silvicultural Treatment ◽  
Lifting Capacity ◽  
Harvesting Method ◽  
Cable Yarding

Cable yarding technology remains the most effective operation in steep terrain harvesting systems; however, it has limitations and challenges. Using cable yarders (tractor-, truck-, and excavator-based) to extract tree lengths and whole trees has been common since the late 20th century in South Korea, and cable yarding operations were developed in the late 1800s in the United States and Europe. Machine potential and limitations must be understood to ensure the widespread use of technology, strong cooperation, and optimal selection of machinery size. We reviewed the literature on tower yarder performances from 1990–2021 to determine the alteration of yarders and its productivity pattern and obtained 23 papers; <2 publications per year discussed the determination of cable yarding productivity. We selected independent variables (e.g., silvicultural treatment, harvesting method, and cycle log volume) for cable yarding that would likely affect productivity. Data were analyzed to compare productivities under silvicultural treatment, the harvesting method, and yarding direction and identify the interaction mechanical power (i.e., lifting capacity and machine power), yarding distance, and slope. Cable yarder productivity rates generally depended on the silvicultural treatment, harvesting method, and yarding direction, particularly in clear-cut, tree-length, and uphill yarding operation activities. The lifting capacity, machine power, and slope had no significant correlation with yarders’ productivity, particularly in thinning operations, whereas, in clear-cut productivity, it was influenced by these variables. The results contribute to improving operation activities for cable yarding systems and towards future research directions.

scholarly journals Characterizing Dual Combination Therapy Use in Treatment Escalation of Hypertension: Real-World Evidence from Multinational Cohorts

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Lu ◽  
Jing Li ◽  
Xialin Wang ◽  
Sreemanee Raaj Dorajoo ◽  
Mengling Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Combination Therapy ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Beta Blocker ◽  
Real World ◽  
Antihypertensive Agents ◽  
The United States ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Routine Practice ◽  
Combination Therapies ◽  
History Of

ABSTRACT Background: Over one billion adults have hypertension globally, of whom approximately 70% cannot achieve blood pressure control goal with monotherapy alone. Data are lacking on patterns of dual combination therapies prescribed to patients who escalate from monotherapy in routine practice. Methods: Using eleven electronic health record databases that cover 118 million patients across eight countries/regions, we characterized the initiation of antihypertensive dual combination therapies for patients with hypertension. In each database, we first constructed twelve exposure cohorts of patients who newly initiate dual combination therapy with one of the four most commonly used antihypertensive drug classes (angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor [ACEi] or angiotensin receptor blocker [ARB]; calcium channel blocker [CCB]; beta-blocker; and thiazide or thiazide-like diuretic) after escalating from monotherapy with one of the three alternative classes. Using these cohorts, we then described dual combination therapy utilization, stratified by age, gender, history of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), and country. Results: Across data sources, we identified 980,648 patients with hypertension initiating dual combination therapy with antihypertensive agents after escalating from monotherapy: 12,541 from Australia, 6,980 from South Korea, 2,096 from Singapore, 7,008 from China, 16,663 from Taiwan, 103,994 from France, 76,082 from Italy, and 754,137 from the United States (US). Significant variations in treatment utilization existed across countries and patient subgroups. In Australia and Singapore, starting an ACEi/ARB monotherapy followed by a CCB was most common while in South Korea, China and Taiwan, starting a CCB monotherapy followed by an ACEi/ARB was most common. In Italy, France, and the US, sequential use of an ACEi/ARB monotherapy followed by a diuretic was most common. Younger patients were more likely to be prescribed ACEi/ARB followed by either a CCB or a diuretic compared with older patients. Women were more likely to be prescribed diuretics then an ACEi/ARB or a CCB compared with men. Among patients with history of CVD, ACEi/ARB followed by beta-blocker, and beta-blocker followed by ACEi/ARB were more commonly prescribed. Conclusion: This is the largest and most comprehensive study characterizing the real-world utilization of dual combination therapies in treating hypertension. Large variation in the transition between monotherapy and dual combination therapy for hypertension was observed across countries. These results highlight the need for future research to identify which second-line dual combination therapy is most effective in practice.

scholarly journals A comparative examination of career and start-up expectations in South Korea, Ukraine, and the United States

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-46
Author(s):  
Sherrie Human ◽  
Thomas Clark ◽  
Charles H. Matthews ◽  
Julie Stewart ◽  
Candace Gunnarsson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Business Students ◽  
The United States ◽  
New Venture ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Comparative Examination ◽  
Different Levels

Relatively few comparative studies have examined how perceptions across cultures might converge or diverge regarding careers in general and new venture careers in particular. Our research addresses this gap by providing a comparative study of career perceptions among undergraduate business students in three countries with different levels of experience with capitalism: Ukraine, South Korea, and the United States. Results suggest both surprising differences and interesting similarities between undergraduate students in the three countries with regard to how they perceive characteristics associated with entrepreneurial careers. Findings are discussed in the context of distinct differences and commonalities across cultures and implications for future research provided.

Multicultural Counseling in South Korea: Exploration and Development of Culture-Specific Competence Indicators

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 444-472
Author(s):  
Seong-In Choi ◽  
Soohyun La
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Multicultural Counseling ◽  
The United States ◽  
Multicultural Training ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Diverse Population ◽  
Research Practice ◽  
Multicultural Competencies ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
And Training

Researchers primarily have studied multicultural counseling (MC) in the context of the United States. Research is scarce regarding other countries. This paper presents a twofold exploratory study to examine the multicultural competencies that counselors need to assist the emerging diverse population in South Korea. We first generated seven competency indicators from a thorough literature review. In the second stage of the study, the seven indicators were used to develop a scale to measure MC competence specific to South Korea. Statistical analyses indicated that the seven items are a useful tool to measure counselors’ self-perceived competence to help diverse clients in South Korea. Additionally, our results indicated that counselors who received multicultural training expressed higher competence than those who have not. Implications for future research, practice, and training are discussed.

Career Indecision in China

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 526-536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meghan K. Roche ◽  
Andrea L. Carr ◽  
In Heok Lee ◽  
Jiaxin (Henry) Wen ◽  
Steven D. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Measurement Invariance ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
The United States ◽  
Career Indecision ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Chinese Sample ◽  
South Korean

This study explored the measurement equivalence of the Career Indecision Profile (CIP) in a Chinese sample with both U.S. and South Korean samples. Past measurement invariance research on the CIP in four international samples (Icelandic young adults, Italian adolescents, French-speaking young adults, and South Korean adolescents) has supported a four-factor structure in the U.S. and in the three Western samples but not in the South Korean sample. Rather, a five-factor structure emerged in South Korea. This study sought to identify whether either the four- or five-factor structure would demonstrate suitable fit for a Chinese adolescent sample. Results indicated that the four-factor structure developed in the United States did not replicate in China, but the five-factor structure found in South Korea showed adequate fit. Additional analysis suggested full metric invariance on all five scales and scalar invariance on four of the five scales. These findings extend the past measurement invariance work with the CIP to suggest two potential ways with which to understand career indecision: a four-factor structure in Western cultures and a five-factor model in Eastern cultures. Future research needs are discussed.

Why are missionaries in America? A case study of a Korean mission movement in the United States

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 426-440
Author(s):  
Rebecca Y. Kim
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
South Korea ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
The United States ◽  
Great Commission ◽  
Late 20Th Century ◽  
Majority World ◽  
Mission Movement ◽  
Christian Nation

Why are missionaries coming to the United States? Why is the country that is a top missionary-sending nation also a top missionary destination? Based on an in-depth case study of one of the largest missionary-sending agencies in South Korea that sends many of its missionaries to the United States, this article explores five reasons for the phenomena of missionaries in America. These factors include the perennial importance of the Great Commission among impassioned majority-world evangelicals as well as their framing of the United States as a “great nation,” the “modern Rome,” and a dominant “Christian nation in crisis” in the late 20th century.

Dialectical Thinking and Attitudes toward Action/Inaction Beyond East Asia

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ethan Zell ◽  
Rong Su ◽  
Dolores Albarracín
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
South Korea ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
The United States ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cultural Groups ◽  
Previous Theory ◽  
Dialectical Thinking

Previous research has focused primarily on assessing dialectical thinking among respondents in representative East Asian and Western nations (e.g., China, Japan, South Korea, and the United States). This chapter examines how dialectical thinking varies across 19 nations/subnations spanning four continents. Consistent with previous theory, dialectical thinking was highest in East Asian societies, such as mainland China, Hong Kong, and Japan. Dialectical thinking was lowest in Guatemala, Turkey, and Italy. Further, both individual and nation-level dialecticism significantly predicted attitudes toward action and inaction. That is, both cultural groups and individuals high in dialectical thinking evidenced greater balance and moderation in attitudes toward action and inaction than cultural groups and individuals low in dialectical thinking. Given that dialectical thinking exists to some degree in a variety of cultures, factors that cultivate dialecticism in both East Asian and Western cultures are addressed. The chapter concludes with discussion of avenues for future research examining patterns of dialectical thinking across the globe.

scholarly journals Compliance and Self-Reporting During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Cultural Study of Trust and Self-Conscious Emotions in the United States, Italy, and South Korea

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni A. Travaglino ◽  
Chanki Moon
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
South Korea ◽  
The United States ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Cultural Orientations ◽  
Individualism And Collectivism ◽  
Shame And Guilt ◽  
The Government

The coronavirus COVID-19 pandemic is an unprecedented health crisis. Many governments around the world have responded by implementing lockdown measures of various degrees of intensity. To be effective, these measures must rely on citizens’ cooperation. In the present study, we drew samples from the United States (N = 597), Italy (N = 606), and South Korea (N = 693) and examined predictors of compliance with social distancing and intentions to report the infection to both authorities and acquaintances. Data were collected between April 6th and 8th 2020. We investigated the role of cultural orientations of horizontal and vertical individualism and collectivism, self-conscious emotions of shame and guilt related to the infection and trust in the government’s action. Across all countries, vertical collectivism (VC) predicted stronger shame, whereas horizontal collectivism predicted stronger trust in the government. Only in the United States, VC was associated with stronger trust. Stronger feelings of shame predicted lower compliance and intentions to report the infection to both authorities and acquaintances. In contrast, guilt was associated with stronger intentions to report the infection to the authorities. Finally, trust was associated with stronger compliance and intentions to report the infection to the authorities. Unlike Italy and South Korea, the association between trust on compliance was not statistically significant in the United States, implications of the findings, and directions for future research are discussed.

A Comparative Study of Fear of Crime among Korean Immigrants in the United States and Native Koreans in South Korea

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
EuiGab Hwang ◽  
Ilhong Yun ◽  
Edmund F. McGarrell
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Fear Of Crime ◽  
Conceptual Models ◽  
The United States ◽  
Korean Immigrants ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Detroit Metropolitan Area ◽  
Subgroup Analyses

Scholars implicitly assume that the conceptual models of fear of crime found in the Western literature are also applicable to populations that have different cultural and ethnic backgrounds. To investigate whether such an assumption is legitimate, the current study analyzed survey data from samples of Korean immigrants in the Detroit metropolitan area and native Koreans in Seoul, South Korea. The result indicated a higher level of fear among native Koreans than Korean immigrants. The presented subgroup analyses revealed that perceived incivility, confidence in the police, and ethnic attachment were significant predictors of fear of crime among Korean immigrants, while gender, vicarious victimization, and perceived crime increase in the neighborhood were significant among native Koreans. Based on these findings, we offer implications for future research.

Refining Evidence-Based Treatments for Late-Life Depression

GeroPsych ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-76
Author(s):  
Grace C. Niu ◽  
Patricia A. Arean
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Brain Plasticity ◽  
Late Life ◽  
Aging Population ◽  
The United States ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Late Life Depression ◽  
Evidence Based Treatments

The recent increase in the aging population, specifically in the United States, has raised concerns regarding treatment for mental illness among older adults. Late-life depression (LLD) is a complex condition that has become widespread among the aging population. Despite the availability of behavioral interventions and psychotherapies, few depressed older adults actually receive treatment. In this paper we review the research on refining treatments for LLD. We first identify evidence-based treatments (EBTs) for LLD and the problems associated with efficacy and dissemination, then review approaches to conceptualizing mental illness, specifically concepts related to brain plasticity and the Research Domain Criteria (RDoc). Finally, we introduce ENGAGE as a streamlined treatment for LLD and discuss implications for future research.

A Silenced Population

Crisis ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 433-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim Gryglewicz ◽  
Melanie Bozzay ◽  
Brittany Arthur-Jordon ◽  
Gabriela D. Romero ◽  
Melissa Witmeier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Depressive Symptomatology ◽  
The United States ◽  
Future Research ◽  
At Risk Youth ◽  
Peer Relationship ◽  
Student Records ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Method Student

Abstract. Background: Given challenges that exceed the normal developmental requirements of adolescence, deaf and hard-of-hearing (DHH) youth are believed to be at elevated risk for engaging in suicide-related behavior (SRB). Unfortunately, little is known about the mechanisms that put these youth potentially at risk. Aims: To determine whether peer relationship difficulties are related to increased risk of SRB in DHH youth. Method: Student records (n = 74) were retrieved from an accredited educational center for deaf and blind students in the United States. Results: Peer relationship difficulties were found to be significantly associated with engagement in SRB but not when accounting for depressive symptomatology. Limitations: The restricted sample limits generalizability. Conclusions regarding risk causation cannot be made due to the cross-sectional nature of the study. Conclusion: These results suggest the need for future research that examines the mechanisms of the relationship between peer relationship difficulties, depression, and suicide risk in DHH youth and potential preventive interventions to ameliorate the risks for these at-risk youth.

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