scholarly journals Aglaomorpha quercifolia (L.) Hovenkamp & S. Linds a Wild Fern Used in Timorese Cuisine

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
Hermenegildo R. Costa ◽  
Inês Simão ◽  
Helena Silva ◽  
Paulo Silveira ◽  
Artur M. S. Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Value ◽  
East Timor ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Chemical Profile ◽  
Nutritional Values ◽  
The World ◽  
Hexane Extracts ◽  
Medicinal Properties ◽  
First Time ◽  
Different Parts

Aglaomorpha quercifolia (L.) Hovenkamp & S. Linds is an extensively used species in traditional medicinal systems in several areas of the world due to some important medicinal properties such as antioxidant, antibacterial, analgesic, and anti-inflammatory activities. In East Timor, different parts of this fern are used either as remedies or as food. The ingestion of a broth made from its rhizome improves lactation, and young fronds of this fern are boiled and eaten with rice by the locals. Nevertheless, its chemical profile is far from being established. The present work aims to establish the chemical profile of both rhizomes and leaves n-hexane extracts by Gas Chromatography- Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The results showed the leaves richness in fatty acids with interesting nutritional values (ω−6/ω−3 = 0.68, AI = 0.59, TI = 0.30), being linolenic acid (253.71 ± 0.93 mg/g dry leaves) and palmitic acid (237.27 ± 0.59 mg/g dry leaves) the significant compounds in the extract. Whereas the rhizome extract is mostly rich in terpenoids, such as steroid, cycloartane, and hopanoid derivatives, being hop-16-ene (166.45 ± 0.53 mg/g dry rhizome) and β-sitosterol (50.76 ± 0.11 mg/g dry rhizome) the major compounds. Several compounds are reported for the first time in the species, and the data herein reported contributes to confirming the species nutritional value.

scholarly journals Cuticular and Internal Chemical Composition of Biting Midges Culicoides spp. (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae), Potential Vectors of Viral Diseases

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1400900
Author(s):  
Mikel González ◽  
Sergio López ◽  
Gloria Rosell ◽  
Arturo Goldarazena ◽  
Angel Guerrero
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Viral Diseases ◽  
Chemical Profile ◽  
Biting Midges ◽  
Biting Midge ◽  
Branched Hydrocarbons ◽  
Hexane Extracts ◽  
Major Chemical ◽  
First Time

The chemical profile of the cuticle and internal tissues of four species of Culicoides have been studied for the first time by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The chemical composition of females of C. obsoletus s.l. and C. lupicaris, vectors of diverse viral diseases, have been compared with that of other biting midges, such as C. kibunensis and C. fascipennis, and the non-biting midge Forcipomyia bipunctata. A total of 61 compounds belonging to 8 major chemical classes were identified in cuticular and internal tissues in n-hexane extracts. The compounds include carboxylic acids (CAs) (C6-C20), with C16:0, C16:1 and C18:1 being dominant, branched hydrocarbons (C29 to C38 mono/di/trimethylalkanes), linear hydrocarbons (C15 to C33, mainly odd chain carbons), terpenes (geranylacetone, geranylgeraniol acetate, squalene, terpenic alcohol), steroids (cholesterol), aldehydes (C9-C10 and even chain C20 to C30), and esters. The chemical profile depends on the species and whether the extracts are external (cuticle) or internal. The contents of linear and branched hydrocarbons and aldehydes was high in cuticular extracts but practically absent in internal tissues, which were, in contrast, rich in CAs, terpenes and steroids. The results are discussed and compared with other Culicoides midges and mosquito-related species.

Hyperaccumulation of manganese in the rainforest tree Austromyrtus bidwillii (Myrtaceae) from Queensland, Australia

2002 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 899 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sjaan D. Bidwell ◽  
Ian E. Woodrow ◽  
George N. Batianoff ◽  
Jens Sommer-Knudsen
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
The World ◽  
Molar Equivalent ◽  
Insoluble Compounds ◽  
First Time

Throughout the world, over 400 species of plants are known to accumulate large quantities of metals in their shoots (`hyperaccumulators'), but of these, relatively few accumulate manganese (Mn). We have identified for the first time an Australian native hyperaccumulator of Mn, Austromyrtus bidwillii (Benth.) Burrett (Myrtaceae). Concentrations of Mn up to 19 200 µg g-1 were measured in dried leaves of this rainforest tree, and young bark was found to contain up to 26 500 µg g-1 Mn. Approximately 40% of the Mn in the leaves is readily extracted with water, suggesting that some of the Mn is associated with water-soluble compounds such as organic acids. Organic acids present in appreciable amounts in leaf extracts of A. bidwillii were identified and quantified by HPLC and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The following organic acids (in order of concentration) were present: succinic > malic ≥ malonic > oxalic >> citric acid. The concentration of total organic acids was on average 123 000 µg g-1 dry tissue, which amounted to approximately three times the molar equivalent of Mn and two times the molar equivalent of total cations (Mn, Mg and Ca), demonstrating that organic anions were in excess. The Mn remaining after water extraction ((61 ± 3.9%) could be extracted with 0.2M HCl, suggesting that a significant portion of the Mn is associated with the cell wall (perhaps replacing Ca) or is present as other insoluble compounds.

scholarly journals Chemical composition and yield of essential oil from three Croton species

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuliane Sampaio de Souza ◽  
Oriel Herrera Bonilla ◽  
Eliseu Marlônio Pereira de Lucena ◽  
Yuri Pereira Barbosa
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Oil Extraction ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Chemical Profile ◽  
Medicinal Properties ◽  
Daily Time ◽  
Dry And Rainy Seasons

ABSTRACT: Marmeleiros are popularly known for the medicinal properties ascribed to their essential oils. This research aimed to analyze the essential oil of leaves from three Croton species (Croton argyrophylloides, Croton jacobinensis, and Croton sincorensis), to verify whether the daily time and harvest season in the year may interfere with their essential oils performance and composition. From each species, 1,500g of green leaves were harvested in Viçosa do Ceará - CE, at 6am and 12pm, during both dry and rainy seasons. Essential oil extraction was conducted by the method of water vapor drag and chemical profile was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The highest yield was obtained at 12pm in the dry season for C. argyrophylloides and C. jacobinensis, and at 6am in the rainy season for C. sincorensis. Bicyclogermacrene demonstrated higher relative abundance in C. argyrophylloides (28.09 to 30.59%), C. jacobinensis (25.2 to 30.14%), and C. sincorensis (23.86 and 21.71%), and the only exception was at 6am in C. sincorensis, where (E)-caryophyllene was the most abundant compound (25.34%). The yield and composition of the studied species were influenced by rainfall, temperature, and sunlight, presenting statistical significant differences between the different periods studied. The species produce constituents with specific biological properties; and therefore, they can be used as a natural source.

scholarly journals Contribution to the description. record and onomatology of Aceria oleae (Nalepa, 1900) (Acari: Eriophyidae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
E.N. Hatzinikolis
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Local Distribution ◽  
The World ◽  
First Time ◽  
World Distribution ◽  
Different Parts

The female of Aceria oleae is described and illustrated and for first time, the dimensions of the different parts and accessories of the body are given. The male of this mite is also described and illustrated for first time. The world distribution as well as the local distribution in Greece are recorded. Information on the onomatology is provided.

scholarly journals Nutritional value of fatty acids of the Neotropical freshwater fishes Prochilodus magdalenae, Pseudoplatystoma magdaleniatum and Ageneiosus pardalis

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 342
Author(s):  
P. M. Márquez-Fernández ◽  
E. J. Márquez ◽  
O. S. Ruiz-Villadiego ◽  
D. M. Márquez-Fernández
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Unsaturation Index ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Nutritional Values ◽  
Commercial Exploitation ◽  
Average Abundance ◽  
Atherogenicity Index ◽  
Different Seasons

This study aimed to determine the nutritional value of the fatty acids in the freshwater fish Prochilodus magdalenae, Pseudoplatystoma magdaleniatum and Ageneiosus pardalis during dry and wet Neotropical seasons with the view to generate useful information for nutrition and sustainable commercial exploitation. The analysis of fatty acids was performed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and the nutritional value was calculated using five estimators: n-6/n-3 ratio, unsaturation index (UI), atherogenicity index (AI), thrombogenicity index (TI) and ratio of hypocholesterolemic/hypercholesterolemic (h/H) fatty acids. A different number of fatty acids (P. magdaleniatum = 50, P. magdalenae = 41, and A. pardalis = 32) was identified for each species and the average abundance percentages were different in the two seasons (p < 0.05). Prochilodus magdalenae and P. magdaleniatum showed healthy n-6/n-3 ratios (1.04 and 2.72) in the different seasons. Although the three species showed low values of UI (0.37–0.63), the remaining nutritional indexes were within the healthy range (AI: 0.04–0.70, TI: 0.66–1.07, h/H: 0.80 – 24.40). Multivariate analysis showed similar healthy nutritional values for the species, with exception of P. magdaleniatum.

Amelioration Effect of Carica papaya Fruit Extracts on Doxorubicin – induced Cardiotoxicity in Rats

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Nutritional Values ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
The Family ◽  
The World ◽  
Medicinal Properties

Papaya (Carica papaya Linn) belongs to the family Caricaceae. Papaya is commonly known for its food and nutritional values throughout the world. Papaya possess excellent medicinal properties for treatment of different ailments. This article focuses on the antioxidant, free radical scavenging activity and antitoxin activity of papaya. The antioxidant activity of Carica papaya Fruits, have the highest of reducing power which were 184.15, 151.19 and139.52 %, at the concentrations of 40mg/ml, of methanolic, ethanolic and aqueous extract, respectively. Also, when using (DPPH), of the same extract, the IC50 value were 0.809, 0.832 and 0.896 at the concentrations of 40mg/ml, respectively. Furthermore, the study showed the active effect of plant extracts as antitoxin when tested on rats.

scholarly journals Chemical Profile and Use of the Peat as an Adsorbent for Extraction of Volatile Compounds from Leaves of Geranium (Pelargonium graveolens L’ Herit)

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (21) ◽  
pp. 4923
Author(s):  
Edenilson dos Santos Niculau ◽  
Péricles Barreto Alves ◽  
Paulo Cesar de Lima Nogueira ◽  
Luciane Pimenta Cruz Romão ◽  
Graziele da Costa Cunha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Extraction Method ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Dynamic Headspace ◽  
Chemical Profile ◽  
Porapak Q ◽  
Pelargonium Graveolens ◽  
Flame Ionization ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
First Time

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from leaves of geranium (Pelargonium graveolens L’ Herit) were extracted by dynamic headspace using Porapak Q (HSD-P) as adsorbent and peat, a novel adsorbent in the extraction of plant volatiles, analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and gas chromatography–flame ionization (GC/FID), and the results were compared with those obtained by hydrodistillation (HD). The yield volatiles changed with the extraction method. HD was more efficient for extracting linalool (11.19%) and citronellyl formate (9.41%). Citronellol (28.06%), geraniol (38.26%) and 6,9-guaiadiene (9.55%) and geranyl tiglate (8.21%) were the major components identified by dynamic headspace using peat (HSD-T), while citronellol (16.88%), geraniol (13.63%), 6,9-guaiadiene (16.98%) and citronellyl formate (6.95%) were identified by dynamic headspace using Porapak Q (HSD-P). Furthermore, this work showed, for the first time, that in natura peat is useful to extract VOCs from leaves of geranium.

Introduction

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
George Ulrich ◽  
Ineta Ziemele
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
International Law ◽  
National Court ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Annual Conference ◽  
Global Challenges ◽  
The World ◽  
The Republic ◽  
First Time ◽  
Different Parts

The 12th Annual Conference of the European Society of International Law (ESIL) took place in Riga, Latvia, on 8‒10 September 2016. The Society organized the conference together with the Riga Graduate School of Law and the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Latvia. The overall purpose of the conference was to address the theme: How International Law Works in Times of Crisis. This was a conference characterized by several firsts. It was the first time that the Annual Conference had moved to Eastern Europe. It took place in a country with a wealth of relevant history for international law. It was also the first time that among the organizers we could count a highest national court. The conference gathered one of the highest numbers of participants, that is, 420 from 43 countries representing different parts of the world. The general theme of the conference reflected on both past times and current developments and on both regional and global challenges implicating international law....

A Gift of Good Health from Mother Nature: Presenting Moringa oleifera, a Plant with Multiple Anticancer Activities

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 284-291
Author(s):  
Madhushree Das Sarma
Keyword(s):  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Anticancer Activities ◽  
Nutritional Values ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
The World ◽  
Low Toxicity ◽  
Different Parts ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Lam

Moringa oleifera Lam. (Moringaceae) is a multifarious beneficial tree and widely cultivated in the tropical and subtropical regions all over the world. All parts of this plants are edible and used as a plentiful source of phytochemicals with high nutritional values. Since antiquity, this plant was recognized as a panacea for the treatment of several ailments in ethnomedicinal system. In last few decades, this fact is further reconfirmed by various scientific research works in which the plant was found to show broad spectrum of biological activities including antioxidant, anti-inammatory, antiurolithic, antimicrobial, anangesic, antidiabetic, antihypertensive, antiproliferative, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, etc. Different parts of this plant exhibited significant inhibitory activity against a variety of cancer cells at moderate to low concentrations and also possess low toxicity in normal cells. This review mainly focuses a brief overview on the anticancer profile of this wonderful tree.

scholarly journals Why Consumers Prefer Green Friariello Pepper: Changes in the Protein and Metabolite Profiles Along the Ripening

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Tartaglia ◽  
Rosaria Sciarrillo ◽  
Daniela Zuzolo ◽  
Angela Amoresano ◽  
Anna Illiano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
Metabolite Profiles ◽  
Early Ripening ◽  
Physiological Variations ◽  
First Time ◽  
Mass Spectrometric Techniques ◽  
Metabolomic Approach

Fruit ripening is a physiologically complex process altering texture, color, flavor, nutritional value, and aroma. However, some fruits are consumed at an early stage of ripening due to the very peculiar characteristics varying during ripening. An example is a particular ecotype of pepper, the Friariello pepper, among the most important representatives of Campania (Southern Italy) agro-alimentary culture. In this study, for the first time, the physiological variations during Friariello ripening (green, veraison, and fully ripe) were evaluated by hyphenated mass spectrometric techniques in a proteomic and metabolomic approach. We found that Lutein and Thaumatin are particularly abundant in the green Friariello. Friariello at an early stage of ripening, is rich in volatile compounds like butanol, 1 3 5-cycloheptatriene, dimethylheptane, α-pinene, furan-2-penthyl, ethylhexanol, 3-carene, detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis, which give it the peculiar fresh and pleasant taste. The detected features of Friariello may justify its preferential consumption in the early ripening stage and outline new knowledge aimed at preserving specific agro-cultural heritage.

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