scholarly journals Effect of Sorghum on Rheology and Final Quality of Western Style Breads: A Literature Review

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1392
Author(s):  
Rubina Rumler ◽  
Regine Schönlechner
Keyword(s):  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Partial Substitution ◽  
The Past ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Challenging Situation ◽  
Baking Industry ◽  
Wheat Flours ◽  
Unique Chemical

Due to the extreme weather conditions, caused by the climate change, the usual wheat harvest yield and quality in the Western countries were difficult to maintain in the past few years. The altered wheat quality was primarily characterized by a rising protein content. The application of high protein wheat flours in baking products leads to baking difficulties due to its elastic dough behavior. As these issues will further face the Western cereal cultivation, heat resistant cereals, like sorghum, are attracting increasing interest. A partial substitution of wheat with sorghum might offer one possible solution to address the current challenging situation. To introduce sorghum in the Western cereal and baking industry, the grain and its unique chemical and rheological properties need to be more widely promoted. Until now, several authors have conducted studies in order to emphasize the high potential of sorghum. The aim of the present review is to broaden the current knowledge of the chemical, rheological and baking properties of sorghum in comparison to wheat. The review further demonstrates promising approaches, which might be from interest in order to achieve higher wheat-sorghum bakery end product qualities.

Effect of pre-utilisation and harvest time on the quantity and quality of fodder on extensive pastures

2010 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Bajnok ◽  
L. Szemán ◽  
J. Tasi
Keyword(s):  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Energy Concentration ◽  
List Type ◽  
Regeneration Period ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
June July

No significant studies have yet been reported in Central Europe on the yield and quality of winter harvest pastures. The aim of the research was to collect information about the effect of pre-utilisation (June, July and August) and winter harvest date (November, December, January) on the quantity and quality of fodder from Festuca arundinacea stands. The dry matter, energy, ADF, ADL and ergosterol contents of the yield were examined and it was found that: 1. A shorter regeneration period between harvests resulted in lower dry matter levels, but also in a higher energy concentration and lower ergosterol concentration. 2. The yield and energy concentrations decreased, whereas the ADF, ADL and ergosterol concentrations increased as the winter progressed. 3. Fodder harvested in November produced the best results in terms of yield quantity and quality. The highest yield and energy values were thus achieved by harvesting in November, regardless of pre-utilisation. Despite the cold and the long period of snow cover, the energy values of samples harvested in December and January showed no significant decrease. The weather conditions were more important for fodder quantity and quality than the frequency or date of harvesting. Thus, under the continental climatic conditions in Hungary, extensive utilisation, until late November or early December, is recommended.

The influence of the stage of lactation and the breed of the cow on the yield and quality of the milk

1927 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 118-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. J. Drakeley ◽  
Margaret K. White
Keyword(s):  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Stage Of Lactation ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Period 2 ◽  
Principal Factors ◽  
Quality Of Milk

The principal factors influencing the yield and quality of milk are (1) stage of the lactation period, (2) breed of the cow, (3) interval between milkings, (4) age of the cow, (5) individuality of the cow, (6) efficiency of the milker, (7) temperature and weather conditions, (8) health of the cow, (9) feeding.

scholarly journals Influence of various factors on crop formation and potato quality

2021 ◽  
Vol 207 (04) ◽  
pp. 34-42
Author(s):  
Lidiya Petrova ◽  
Yuriy Mitrofanov ◽  
Maksim Gulyaev ◽  
Natal'ya Pervushina
Keyword(s):  
Total Porosity ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
Potato Yield ◽  
Experimental Plot ◽  
Factor B ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Cultivated Potatoes ◽  
Fertilizer Rates

Abstract. The purpose of the research was to study the effect of fertilizer rates depending on drainage and weather conditions on the yield and quality of potatoes, their payback with an increase in yield. Methodology and methods of research. The studies were conducted in a two-factor field experiment in 2012–2020, factor A – drainage (drained by closed potter drainage and non-drained soil), factor B – various fertilizer rates (without fertilizers; multi-purpose compost (KMN) 10 t/ha + K90; KMN 10 t/ha + N70K180). The soil of experimental plot of sod-podzolic light loamy are predominant, well-cultivated. Potatoes were cultivated according to the ridge technology developed at VNIIMZ, the predecessor of winter grain crops. According to weather conditions, the years of research are divided into excessively humid, humid and arid. Analyses and observations were carried out according to the generally accepted methods of experimental work, calculations using statistical analysis. Results. The tendencies of changes in the indicators of the water-air regime of the arable layer of soil (moisture, total porosity, porosity of aeration, bulk density) depending on drainage and weather conditions were revealed. The influence of fertilizer rates on drained and non-drained areas, depending on weather conditions, on the content of mineral nitrogen in the soil, yield and its structure, the quality of potato production (content of nitrates, starch in tubers), the use of photosynthetically active solar radiation, payback of fertilizers by an increase in yield has been established. The share of the influence of fertilizers and drainage on the variability of the yield in different weather conditions has been determined. Scientific novelty. The share of the participation of the studied factors in the variability of the potato yield and the rational rates of the use of fertilizers, depending on soil and weather conditions, have been established.

scholarly journals The relationship of agroclimatic factors and the yield of potato varieties in the conditions of the near Moscow region

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (44) ◽  
pp. 21-21
Author(s):  
Alexander Saakian ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Starch Content ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Hydrothermal Coefficient ◽  
Potato Varieties ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

In 2005-2015. studied the effect of liquid organic fertilizer BIOOD-1 as foliar feeding on the yield and quality of various potato varieties in changing meteorological conditions. According to the results of the experiments, it was established that the most stable yields under various weather conditions were shown by the potatoes of the mid-season variety Bryansk delicacy. The low starch content of varieties Nevsky, Udacha was noted in years of high humidity, but with a lack of moisture, the starch content of these varieties increased in the background variant and in the experiment with organic fertilization. Keywords: CLIMATIC CONDITIONS, HYDROTHERMAL COEFFICIENT, MEAN SENIOR PRECIPITATION, POTATO, YIELD, STARCH, HUMIC FERTILIZERS

FERTILIZES EFFECTIVENESS DEPENDING ON WEATHER CONDITION UNDER POTATOES CULTIVATION ON DRAINED LANDS

1970 ◽  
pp. 17-20
Author(s):  
L. I. Petrova ◽  
Yu. I. Mitrofanov ◽  
N. K. Pervushina ◽  
V. N. Lapushkina
Keyword(s):  
Potato Crop ◽  
Weather Condition ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Closed Drainage ◽  
Favorable State ◽  
Potato Crops

The article presents the results of studies in 2011-2019. to study the effect of various fertilizer norms, weather conditions on the yield and quality of potato products, soil water regime, photosynthetic activity, payment of 1 kg a.v. fertilizers with a crop increase in the conditions of the Tver region. The experiment is based on sod-podzolic light loamy drained soil with closed drainage. Potatoes were grown in 3 variants: without fertilizers, average norms and high norms. Weather conditions during the years of research (according to G.T. Selyaninov) are divided into groups: excessively humid, moist and arid. The moisture content of the arable layer of the soil under planting of potatoes, according to the gradations of these years, the average vegetation period was 73, 60, 39% of the lowest moisture capacity. A more favorable state of the water-air regime of the soil during the cultivation of potatoes according to the ridge technology during the growing season was formed in excessively wet years, in the wet years the plants experienced a lack of moisture in certain phases, especially during the period from tuberization  to ripening. In dry years, plants experienced a large lack of moisture throughout the growing season. On average, according to the experimental variants, a higher potato crop was formed in excessively wet years compared to wet years by 21%, and with dry ones by 68%. The use of fertilizers had a positive effect on the formation of potato crops and depended on weather conditions. A greater effect from the use of fertilizers was noted in excessively wet years, with average rates the yield increased by 32.2 t / ha, at high - by 41.5, in wet - by 10.3 and 14.9, respectively, in dry - by 11.0 and 16.8. The share of weather conditions in crop variability was 23%, fertilizers - 61%.

Effect of Planting Time on Yield and Quality of Flue-Cured Tobacco in Iringa District, Tanzania

1965 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 305-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. C. Akehurst
Keyword(s):  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Soil Fumigation ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Planting Time ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Field Experimentation

SummaryAs part of a project to introduce Virginian-type flue-cured tobacco varieties into a new area, a number of experiments on the effect of time of planting showed that returns declined according to the delay in planting after the start of the rains. This decline was not arrested by differential fertilization, soil fumigation or the use of quicker maturing varieties. The early plantings appeared to have a greater growth potential, which could often be more fully realised under improved cultural techniques. Thus, early plantings gave substantial positive responses to applications of nitrogen which had little effect on, or were detrimental to, later plantings. It is suggested that the responses noted were linked with weather conditions during the first few weeks after planting. The drier and more sunny these were, the better, and the possibility therefore arises of using rainfall probability data, with a minimum of field experimentation, in future problems of this nature.

scholarly journals Non-motor signs in Parkinson’s disease: a review

2015 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
pp. 454-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renato P. Munhoz ◽  
Adriana Moro ◽  
Laura Silveira-Moriyama ◽  
Helio A. Teive
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
The Other ◽  
Motor Disorder ◽  
The Past ◽  
Sensory Disturbances

During the past decade the view of Parkinson’s disease (PD) as a motor disorder has changed significantly and currently it is recognized as a multisystem process with diverse non-motor signs (NMS). In addition to been extremely common, these NMS play a major role in undermining functionality and quality of life. On the other hand, NMS are under recognized by physicians and neglected by patients. Here, we review the most common NMS in PD, including cognitive, psychiatric, sleep, metabolic, and sensory disturbances, discuss the current knowledge from biological, epidemiological, clinical, and prognostic standpoints, highlighting the need for early recognition and management.

scholarly journals The Most Important Fungal Diseases of Cereals—Problems and Possible Solutions

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 714
Author(s):  
Marcin Różewicz ◽  
Marta Wyzińska ◽  
Jerzy Grabiński
Keyword(s):  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Fungal Diseases ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Previous Crop ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Genetic Potential ◽  
Tillage System ◽  
Grain Yield And Quality ◽  
Cereal Yields

The level of cereal yields and the quality of these yields depend, to a large extent, on a crop management system, the genetic potential of a given cultivar, but also on factors that may cause damage to plants or a reduction in yield. Such factors include fungal diseases of cereals, which may cause a reduction in yield by 15–20%, and in extreme cases even by 60%. The main factors determining the occurrence of these pathogens are the weather conditions during the growing season of plants, crop rotation, the previous crop, the soil tillage system, and nitrogen fertilisation. Fungal diseases of cereals limit plant growth and development, as well as reduce grain yield and quality. This paper reviews the literature on fungal diseases of cereals.

scholarly journals Use of Meat Industry Waste in the Form of Meat-and-Bone Meal in Fertilising Maize (Zea mays L.) for Grain

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 2857
Author(s):  
Arkadiusz Stępień ◽  
Katarzyna Wojtkowiak ◽  
Ewelina Kolankowska
Keyword(s):  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Meat Industry ◽  
Meat And Bone Meal ◽  
Bone Meal ◽  
Mineral N ◽  
Industry Waste ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
3.0 T ◽  
Effective Use

The processing of meat industry waste into meat-and-bone meal (MBM) provides the opportunity to use it as fertiliser in the cultivation of agricultural crops. This study was conducted in the years 2014–2017 at the Experimental Station in Tomaszkowo, Poland to assess MBM effects on yield and quality of maize cultivated for grain. An example of the effective use of nutrients contained in MBM applied at doses of 2.0 and 3.0 t ha is the cultivation of maize in 2016, which was affected by favourable weather conditions. The effect of the accumulation of MBM doses and, consequently, the provision of a greater amount of nutrients ensure sufficient amounts to obtain yields, greater than those provided by mineral fertilisation only. The macronutrient concentration in the maize grains following the application of MBM was similar to the composition of the grains of maize fertilised with mineral N, P and K fertilisers. With the MBM, micronutrients are introduced in amounts that are able to satisfy plants with these components, yet this study failed to demonstrate any effect of increased MBM doses on the concentration of the analysed elements in the maize grains.

scholarly journals Genotype × Environment × Management (G×E×M) Impacts on Grain Yield and Quality of Spring Malting Barley (Hordeum vulgare)

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (02) ◽  
pp. 285-290
Author(s):  
Vladanka Stupar
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Malting Barley ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Nitrogen Rate ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Nitrogen Rates

Agronomic management and environment affect malting barley yield and quality. The objective of this study was to determine optimum agronomic practices (cultivar, fertilization, and seeding rate) for yield and quality of malting barley. A study was conducted during 2012–2014 in the region of Požarevac, southeastern Serbia, to evaluate the weather-dependent effect of seeding rate (S1=350, S2=450 and S3=550 seeds m–2) and nitrogen fertilization rate (N1=45, N2=75, N3=95 and N4=135 kg N ha–1) on the yield and quality of spring malting barley cultivars ('Novosadski 448', 'Novosadski 456', 'Dunavac' and 'Jadran'). Increasing seeding rate had a significantly negative effect on the quality, whereas the effect on yield was dependent upon weather during the growing season. Grain yield and grain protein content significantly increased with an increase in nitrogen rate up to 135 kg N ha–1. The optimum nitrogen rate for the average thousand-kernel weight and percentage of kernels ≥ 2.5 mm in all years was 75 kg N ha–1, and for test weight 105 kg N ha–1. Germinative energy depended on genotype and weather conditions, whereas seeding and nitrogen rates had a significant effect only during the first year. Results indicated that seeding rates above 350 seeds m–2 and nitrogen rates above 75 kg N ha–1 led to substantial grain quality deterioration in barley cultivars. © 2021 Friends Science Publishers

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