scholarly journals Development of Hydrolysis and Defatting Processes for Production of Lowered Fishy Odor Hydrolyzed Collagen from Fatty Skin of Sockeye Salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka)

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 2257
Author(s):  
Krisana Nilsuwan ◽  
Kasidate Chantakun ◽  
Lalita Chotphruethipong ◽  
Soottawat Benjakul
Keyword(s):  
Sockeye Salmon ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Degree Of Hydrolysis ◽  
Combined Processes ◽  
Fishy Odor ◽  
Hydrolyzed Collagen ◽  
Fat Removal ◽  
One Step

Lipid oxidation has a negative impact on application and stability of hydrolyzed collagen (HC) powder from fatty fish skin. This study aimed to produce fat-free HC powder from salmon skin via optimization of one-step hydrolysis using mixed proteases (papain and Alcalase) at different levels. Fat removal processes using disk stack centrifugal separator (DSCS) for various cycles and subsequent defatting of HC powder using isopropanol for different cycles were also investigated. One-step hydrolysis by mixed proteases (3% papain and 4% Alcalase) at pH 8 and 60 °C for 240 min provided HC with highest degree of hydrolysis. HC powder having fat removal with DSCS for 9 cycles showed the decreased fat content. HC powder subsequently defatted with isopropanol for 2 cycles (HC-C9/ISP2) had no fat content with lowest fishy odor intensity, peroxide value, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances than those without defatting and with 1-cycle defatting. HC-C9/ISP2 had high L*-value (84.52) and high protein (94.72%). It contained peptides having molecular weight less than 3 kDa. Glycine and imino acids were dominant amino acid. HC-C9/ISP2 had Na, Ca, P, and lowered odorous constituents. Combined processes including hydrolysis and defatting could therefore render HC powder free of fat and negligible fishy odor.

scholarly journals The Influence of Fermented Mare’s Milk Processing Under Pressure of Gaseous Nitrogen on the Quality of Koumiss

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 2350-2354
Author(s):  
Tatyana V. Kabanova ◽  
Mariya V. Dolgorukova ◽  
Sergey I. Okhotnikov ◽  
Elena V. Tsaregorodtseva ◽  
Sergey Yu. Smolentsev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Liver Weight ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Gaseous Nitrogen ◽  
Milk Processing ◽  
Nutritional Qualities ◽  
Pure Cultures ◽  
Increase Liver Weight

The urgency of the problem of increasing the nutritional qualities of mare's milk is that, it has versatile uses. Many people traditionally prefer koumiss made of milk with high fat content, as it has good taste, mouth-watering appearance, high calorie content, helps to increase liver weight. In many patients, including tuberculosis, hypotrophic and malnourished due to a long and serious illness, the latter aspect is an important part of treatment. In the production of raw materials for baby and diet food, first of all, it is necessary to achieve an increase in the protein and fat content of mares, as well as to stabilize the content of valuable components in milk during lactation. Therefore, the search for methods for correcting the composition of dairy raw materials is relevant to industry issues. This article presents the results on the research of influence of Hydro mechanical processing on the physicochemical and microbiological properties of mare's milk. Milk processing treatment by gaseous nitrogen was carried out at laboratory-patented system. This method has not had a negative impact on its physical and chemical characteristics, but significantly increased the bactericidal life. The introduction of pure cultures of koumiss leaven in processed and not processed raw milk has reduced the acidity build-up to the optimal value allowing increase in the life of koumiss.

scholarly journals The Effect of Standardised Flower Extracts of Sorbus aucuparia L. on Proinflammatory Enzymes, Multiple Oxidants, and Oxidative/Nitrative Damage of Human Plasma Components In Vitro

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika A. Olszewska ◽  
Joanna Kolodziejczyk-Czepas ◽  
Magdalena Rutkowska ◽  
Anna Magiera ◽  
Piotr Michel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Human Plasma ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Lipid Hydroperoxides ◽  
Sorbus Aucuparia ◽  
Inflammatory Changes

Polyphenol-rich plant extracts might alleviate the negative impact of oxidative stress and inflammation, but careful phytochemical standardisation and evaluation of various mechanisms are required to fully understand their effects. In this context, flower extracts of Sorbus aucuparia L.—a traditional medicinal plant—were investigated in the present work. The LC-MS/MS profiling of the extracts, obtained by fractionated extraction, led to the identification of 66 constituents, mostly flavonols (quercetin and sexangularetin glycosides with dominating isoquercitrin), pseudodepsides of quinic and shikimic acids (prevailing isomers of chlorogenic acid and cynarin), and flavanols (catechins and proanthocyanidins). Minor extract components of possible chemotaxonomic value were flavalignans (cinchonain I isomers) and phenylamides (spermidine derivatives). As assessed by HPLC-PDA and UV-spectrophotometric studies, the extracts were polyphenol-abundant, with the contents up to 597.6 mg/g dry weight (dw), 333.9 mg/g dw, 382.0 mg/g dw, and 169.0 mg/g dw of total phenolics, flavonoids, proanthocyanidins, and caffeoylquinic acids, respectively. Their biological in vitro effects were phenolic-dependent and the strongest for diethyl ether, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol fractions of the methanol-water (7 : 3, v/v) extract. The extracts showed significant, concentration-dependent ability to scavenge in vivo-relevant radical/oxidant agents (O2∙−, OH∙, H2O2, ONOO–, NO∙, and HClO) with the strongest effects towards OH∙, ONOO–, HClO, and O2∙− (compared to ascorbic acid). Moreover, the extracts efficiently inhibited lipoxygenase and hyaluronidase (compared to indomethacin) but were inactive towards xanthine oxidase. At in vivo-relevant levels (1-5 μg/mL), they also effectively protected human plasma components (proteins and lipids) against ONOO–-induced oxidative damage (reduced the levels of 3-nitrotyrosine, lipid hydroperoxides, and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances) and normalised/enhanced the total nonenzymatic antioxidant capacity of plasma. In cytotoxicity tests, the extracts did not affect the viability of human PBMCs and might be regarded as safe. The results support the application of the extracts in the treatment of oxidative stress-related pathologies cross-linked with inflammatory changes.

scholarly journals Effect of Pasture or Maize Silage Feeding on the Nutritional Value of Beef

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Łozicki ◽  
Maria Dymnicka ◽  
Ewa Arkuszewska ◽  
Henryk Pustkowiak
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Maize Silage ◽  
Final Body Weight

Effect of Pasture or Maize Silage Feeding on the Nutritional Value of BeefThe objective of this study was to evaluate the nutritional value of beef from different production systems. The study was conducted with Hereford bulls on organic and conventional farms. On the organic farm, fattening was mainly based on roughages, including pasture forage in the summer season, when the end of fattening occurred. On the conventional farm the bulls were fed maize silage and concentrate. On both farms, the animals were aged 7-9 months at the beginning of fattening. The bulls were fattened to a final body weight of 550-600 kg. Samples of longissimus thoracis muscle were collected from half-carcasses of slaughtered bulls originating from each farm to analyse fat content, fatty acid profile, and content of selected minerals and vitamin E. Muscle samples were additionally analysed for the concentration of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances 3 and 7 days after slaughter. Analyses showed a lower fat content in longissimus thoracis muscle of bulls from the pasture feeding system. The fatty acid profile was also characterized by a lower content of C 14:0, and a higher content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), including C18:3 n-3, conjugated linoleic acid, C 20:5 n-3, and C 22:5 n-3, as well as by a lower ratio of n-6/n-3 PUFA. The total content of monounsaturated fatty acids was significantly higher in animals fed maize silage and feed concentrate. In turn, the muscle of pasture fed animals had higher levels of Na, Zn and Fe as well as of vitamin E.

Antioxidant Properties of Deer Blood Hydrolysate and the Possible Mode of Action

2013 ◽  
Vol 634-638 ◽  
pp. 1435-1440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuai Wang ◽  
Li Cheng Zhong ◽  
Xue Chao Zhai ◽  
Dong Dong Yin ◽  
Xin Yu Wu
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Mode Of Action ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Degree Of Hydrolysis ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substance ◽  
Hydrolysis Time ◽  
Reactive Substance ◽  
Tbars Values

Deer blood was hydrolyzed using Alcalase with hydrolysis time ranged form 0 to 6 h, and the degree of hydrolysis (DH) of protein hydrolysates increased with increasing hydrolysis time (P < 0.05). The reducing power, radicals scavenging activities and Cu2+-chelation ability of deer blood hydrolysate (DBH) significantly enhanced with increasing hydrolysis time (P < 0.05). The antioxidant activity of DBH, indicated by thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance (TBARS) values in a liposome-oxidizing system, increased with increasing DH (P < 0.05). The results indicated that antioxidant activity of DBH depended on hydrolysis time, and the hydrolyzed deer blood could be a potent food antioxidant.

scholarly journals Synthesis Of 5, 7-Diaryl-1,5-Dihydro (Or 1, 2, 3, 5-Tetrahydro)- Pyrano[2, 3-D] Pyrimidin-2, 4-Diones (Or 2-Thioxo-4-Ones).

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-131
Author(s):  
Mohammad Shahid Ullah ◽  
M Giasuddin Ahmed ◽  
UKR Romman ◽  
Kawsari Akhter ◽  
S Mosaddeq Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Glacial Acetic Acid ◽  
Barbituric Acid ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Chemical Society ◽  
Mass Spectral Data ◽  
Phosphorous Pentoxide ◽  
Mass Spectral ◽  
Elemental Analyses ◽  
One Step

Some 5, 7-diaryl-1,5-dihydro (or 1, 2, 3, 5-tetrahydro)- pyrano[2, 3-d] pyrimidin-2, 4- diones (or 2-thioxo-4-ones) (3a-g) has been synthesized in one-step by the cyclocondensation of barbituric acid or thiobarbituric acid (1) with arylideneacetophenones (2a-d), in glacial acetic acid in the presence of phosphorous pentoxide. The structures of the compounds 3a-g were determined by their UV, IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, mass spectral data and elemental analyses. Journal of Bangladesh Chemical Society, Vol. 25(2), 124-131, 2012 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbcs.v25i2.15064

scholarly journals Unusual form of relationship between parasitic nematodes of the genus Philonema (Philonemidae) and salmonids

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 24-33
Author(s):  
V. V. Pospekhov ◽  
V. P. Nikishin
Keyword(s):  
Sockeye Salmon ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Thick Layer ◽  
Body Cavity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Dolly Varden ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Peculiar Form ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of the research is studying the relationship between nematodes of the genus Philonema (Philonemidae) and salmonids at the organismic level and justification for their interpretation as a peculiar form of encapsulation.Materials and methods. We studied the sockeye salmon, as well as the freshwater white-spotted char and Dolly Varden trout from lakes Kisi and Chistoye (basin of the Ola River, Taui Bay, Sea of Okhotsk). 7 males for breeding sockeye salmon, 39 freshwater white-spotted chars and 16 Dolly Varden trouts were dissected for infection by Philonema. We used well-known generally accepted techniques in the parasitological studies. The nematodes were preserved in 70 % ethanol and clarified in glycerol.Results and discussion. Phylonema causes pathological processes of various intensity in the body cavity of salmonids. As a rule, this is the adhesion of fish’s internal organs and the formation of a thick layer of connective tissue that surrounds the host's organs from outside and forms a kind of a "cocoon". Our studies combined with literature data allow us to consider the formation of a "cocoon" as a peculiar form of encapsulation and an adaptation that minimizes mutual negative impact of the parasite and the host on each other. Further research should determine how widespread this form of encapsulation is in nature, and it is also necessary to study the mechanism of the "cocoon" formation.

scholarly journals Separation and Identification of Highly Efficient Antioxidant Peptides from Eggshell Membrane

Antioxidants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 495
Author(s):  
Qian-Cheng Zhao ◽  
Jie-Yuan Zhao ◽  
Dong Uk Ahn ◽  
Yong-Guo Jin ◽  
Xi Huang
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Eggshell Membrane ◽  
Degree Of Hydrolysis ◽  
Hydrolysis Time ◽  
Antioxidant Agents

The enzymatic hydrolysates (EHs) of the eggshell membrane (ESM) were obtained after incubating eggshell membrane in solutions prepared with Na2SO3 and alkaline protease combinations. The effects of enzyme species, enzyme dosage, Na2SO3 concentration, and hydrolysis time on the antioxidant activity of the ESM-EH were determined. Also, the correlation between the degree of hydrolysis (DH) and the antioxidant activity of ESM-EH was analyzed. The DH of ESM-EH showed a highly positive correlation with the reducing power (R2 = 0.857) and total antioxidant activity (TAA) (R2 = 0.876) and performed negative correlation with the Fe2+-chelating ability (R2 = −0.529). The molecular weight distribution of the ESM-EH was determined by MALDI-TOF/MS. Cation exchange chromatography (Sephadex C-25) was used to isolate the ESM-EH and then the enzymatic hydrolysis fragment (EHF) was obtained. Among the five isolated fragments (F1~F5), fragment 3 (F3), which was composed of 28 polypeptides, showed the highest ability to quench ABTS• (2,2-azinobis-3-ethyl-benzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (90.44%) and also displayed stronger TBARS (thiobarbituric acid– reactive substances) (58.17%) and TAA (303.82 µg /mL) than the ESM-EH. Further analysis of the 28 peptides in F3 identified using LC-MS/MS indicated that five peptides (ESYHLPR, NVIDPPIYAR, MFAEWQPR, LLFAMTKPK, MLKMLPFK) showed high water-solubility, biological activities, and antioxidant characteristics. Finally, the TAA of the synthetic peptide was verified, the synthetic peptides ESYHLPR and MFAEWQPR performed the best activity and have high potentials to be used as antioxidant agents in functional foods, pharmaceuticals, or cosmetics.

scholarly journals PROFILES OF ENZYMATIC HYDROLYSIS OF DIFFERENT COLLAGENS AND DERIVATIVES OVER TIME

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sidiane Iltchenco ◽  
Aniela Pinto Kempka ◽  
Rosa Cristina Prestes
Keyword(s):  
Collagen Fiber ◽  
Proteolytic Enzymes ◽  
Degree Of Hydrolysis ◽  
Sodium Phosphate Buffer ◽  
Hydrolyzed Collagen ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Synthetic Agents ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Orbital Shaker ◽  
Over Time

The interest in collagen use in the food industry to replace synthetic agents is growing every day. Among the derivatives, has the hydrolysate, which dissolves easily in water and brine, and can be incorporated into foods or drinks. The objective of this study was to determine the degree of hydrolysis (DH) of crude collagen fiber, powdered collagen fiber, gelatin and two samples of hydrolyzed collagen. The substrates were subjected to individual action of three proteolytic enzymes: papain, bromelain and collagenase (microbial origin). The substrates were incubated in sodium phosphate buffer (0.1 M, pH 7.0) on an orbital shaker at 55°C for different periods of time. In 120 minutes of hydrolysis, the crude collagen fiber showed 37.2% of DH using collagenase, the highest value compared to other substrates. The lowest values for DH were obtained for the hydrolysates collagen, with less than 1% of DH. For hydrolysis in 60 minutes, the DH values were similar to those obtained in 120 minutes of hydrolysis, with minor variations over time. The hydrolytic ability of the collagenase and bromelain was similar and superior compared with the papain.

scholarly journals A One Pot Synthesis of 5, 7-diaryl-1,5-dihydro (or 1, 2, 3, 5-tetrahydro)- pyrano[2, 3-D] pyrimidin-2, 4-diones (or 2-thioxo-4-ones)

2013 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Mahbubur Rahman ◽  
S Mosaddeq Ahmed ◽  
SMA Hakim Siddiki ◽  
Md Ershad Halim ◽  
Kawsari Akhter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Glacial Acetic Acid ◽  
Barbituric Acid ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Mass Spectral Data ◽  
Phosphorous Pentoxide ◽  
One Pot ◽  
Mass Spectral ◽  
Elemental Analyses ◽  
One Step

A number of 5, 7-diaryl-1,5-dihydro (or 1, 2, 3, 5-tetrahydro)- pyrano[2, 3-d] pyrimidin-2, 4-diones (or 2-thioxo-4-ones) (3a-f) have been synthesized in one-step by cyclocondensation of barbituric acid or thiobarbituric acid (1) with arylideneacetophenones (2a-c), in glacial acetic acid in the presence of phosphorous pentoxide. The structures of the compounds 3a-f have been determined by UV, IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, mass spectral data and elemental analyses. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujs.v61i2.17065 Dhaka Univ. J. Sci. 61(2): 167-171, 2013 (July)

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