scholarly journals Proteomic Changes in Sarcoplasmic and Myofibrillar Proteins Associated with Color Stability of Ovine Muscle during Post-Mortem Storage

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2989
Author(s):  
Xiaoguang Gao ◽  
Dandan Zhao ◽  
Lin Wang ◽  
Yue Cui ◽  
Shijie Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Proteome Analysis ◽  
Color Stability ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
Metabolism Enzymes ◽  
Longissimus Lumborum ◽  
Different Color ◽  
Differentially Abundant Proteins

The objective of this study was to investigate the proteomic characteristics for the sarcoplasmic and myofibrillar proteomes of M. longissimus lumborum (LL) and M. psoasmajor (PM) from Small-tailed Han Sheep. During post-mortem storage periods (1, 3, and 5 days), proteome analysis was applied to elucidate sarcoplasmic and myofibrillar protein changes in skeletal muscles with different color stability. Proteomic results revealed that the identified differentially abundant proteins were glycolytic enzymes, energy metabolism enzymes, chaperone proteins, and structural proteins. Through Pearson’s correlation analysis, a few of those identified proteins (Pyruvate kinase, Adenylate kinase isoenzyme 1, Creatine kinase M-type, and Carbonic anhydrase 3) were closely correlated to representative meat color parameters. Besides, bioinformatics analysis of differentially abundant proteins revealed that the proteins mainly participated in glycolysis and energy metabolism pathways. Some of these proteins may have the potential probability to be predictors of meat discoloration during post-mortem storage. Within the insight of proteomics, these results accumulated some basic theoretical understanding of the molecular mechanisms of meat discoloration.

scholarly journals Endpoint Temperature Influences Sarcoplasmic Proteome Profile of Cooked Beef Longissimus Lumborum

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. P. A. A. Salim ◽  
S. P. Suman ◽  
S. Li ◽  
Y. Wang ◽  
J. Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Color Stability ◽  
Fructose Bisphosphate ◽  
Cooking Temperature ◽  
Longissimus Lumborum ◽  
Fructose Bisphosphate Aldolase ◽  
C 71 ◽  
Proteome Profile ◽  
Aldolase B ◽  
Differentially Abundant Proteins ◽  
Cooked Color

ObjectivesCooking ensures safety and enhances the palatability attributes of meat. Denaturation of myoglobin results in the dull-brown color of cooked meats. The denaturation of sarcoplasmic proteins is influenced by the degree of heat treatment, and their solubility is decreased with an increase in the endpoint cooking temperature. While previous studies examined the relationship between myoglobin denaturation, cooked color, and internal temperature in beef, investigations are yet to be undertaken to characterize the association between endpoint temperature, sarcoplasmic proteome, and color attributes in cooked steaks. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to examine the influence of endpoint cooking temperature (60 and 71°C) on sarcoplasmic proteome and internal color of beef longissimus lumborum (LL) steaks.Materials and MethodsEight (n = 8) beef LL muscles (14 d postmortem; USDA Choice) were obtained from a commercial packing plant. Two 2.5-cm thick steaks were fabricated from the center of the muscles and were cooked to internal endpoint temperature of 60°C (C-60) or 71°C (C-71) in a clam-shell grill. Cooked steaks were immediately cooled in slushed ice, sliced parallel to the grilled surface, and internal redness (a* value) and color stability (R630/580) were evaluated instrumentally. Sarcoplasmic proteome from the interiors of the cooked steaks was analyzed using 2-dimensional electrophoresis, and the gel images were digitally analyzed. The protein spots exhibiting more than 2.5-fold intensity differences (P < 0.05) between C-60 and C-71 were subjected to in-gel tryptic digestion and were identified by tandem mass spectrometry.ResultsThe C-60 steaks demonstrated greater (P < 0.05) a* and R630/580 than their C-71 counterparts. Seven differentially abundant proteins were identified and were over-abundant (P < 0.05) in C-60 compared to C-71. The differentially abundant proteins belong to 6 functional groups, i.e., transport proteins (serum albumin and hemoglobin), energy metabolism (adenylate kinase isoenzyme 1), chaperones (heat shock protein β-1), antioxidant (thioredoxin-dependent peroxide reductase), glycolytic enzymes (fructose-bisphosphate aldolase B), and protease (cytosol aminopeptidase).ConclusionThe findings indicated that the endpoint cooking temperature influences the internal cooked color and the sarcoplasmic proteome profile of beef LL steaks. The overabundant proteins in steaks cooked to 60°C may be utilized as potential biomarkers for undercooked beef, which is a source for foodborne infections.

Protective effects of soy-isoflavones in cardiovascular disease

2008 ◽  
Vol 28 (01/02) ◽  
pp. 85-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Fuchs ◽  
H. Daniel ◽  
U. Wenzel
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Oxidized Ldl ◽  
Proteome Analysis ◽  
Soy Isoflavones ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Estrogen Production

SummaryEpidemiological studies indicate that the consumption of soy-containing food may prevent or slow-down the development of cardiovascular disease. In endothelial cells application of a soy extract or a combination of the most abundant soy isoflavones genistein and daidzein both inhibited apoptosis, a driving force in atherosclerosis development, when applied in combination with oxidized LDL or homocysteine. Proteome analysis revealed that the stressorinduced alteration of protein expression profile was reversed by the soy extract or the genistein/daidzein mixture. Only few protein entities that could be functionally linked to mitochondrial dysfunction were regulated in common by both application forms of isoflavones. A dietary intervention with isoflavone-enriched soy extract in postmenopausal women, who generally show strongly increased cardiovascular risk due to diminished estrogen production, led to significant alterations in the steady state levels of proteins from mononuclear blood cells. The proteins identified by proteome analysis revealed that soy isoflavones may increase the anti-inflammatory response in blood mononuclear cells thereby contributing to the atherosclerosispreventive activities of a soy-rich diet. Conclusion: By proteome analysis protein targets were identified in vitro in endothelial cells that respond to soy isoflavones and that may decipher molecular mechanisms through which soy products exert their protective effects in the vasculature.

scholarly journals Transcriptome and proteome analysis suggest enhanced photosynthesis in tetraploid Liriodendron sino-americanum

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tingting Chen ◽  
Yu Sheng ◽  
Zhaodong Hao ◽  
Xiaofei Long ◽  
Fangfang Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Protein Complexes ◽  
Proteome Analysis ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Photosynthetic Electron Transport ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Chlorophyll Protein Complexes ◽  
Chlorophyll Protein ◽  
Photosynthesis Genes ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Abstract Polyploidy generally provides an advantage in phenotypic variation and growth vigor. However, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. The tetraploid L. sino-americanum exhibits altered morphology compared to its diploid counterpart, including larger, thicker and deeper green leaves, bigger stomata, thicker stems and increased tree height. Such characteristics can be useful in ornamental and industrial applications. To elucidate the molecular mechanisms behind this variation, we performed a comparative transcriptome and proteome analysis. Our transcriptome data indicated that some photosynthesis genes and pathways were differentially altered and enriched in tetraploid L. sino-americanum, mainly related to F-type ATPase, the cytochrome b6/f complex, photosynthetic electron transport, the light harvesting chlorophyll protein complexes, photosystem I and II. Most of the differentially expressed proteins we could identify are also involved in photosynthesis. Our physiological results showed that tetraploids have an enhanced photosynthetic capacity, concomitant with great levels of sugar and starch in leaves. This suggests that tetraploid L. sino-americanum might experience comprehensive transcriptome reprogramming of genes related to photosynthesis. This study has especially emphasized molecular changes involved in photosynthesis that accompany polyploidy, and provides a possible explanation for the altered phenotype of polyploidy plants in comparison to their diploid form.

scholarly journals Insights into how environment shapes post-mortem RNA transcription in mouse brain

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raphael Severino Bonadio ◽  
Larissa Barbosa Nunes ◽  
Patricia Natália S. Moretti ◽  
Juliana Forte Mazzeu ◽  
Stefano Cagnin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Mouse Brain ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Cell Communication ◽  
Rna Degradation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Gene Expression Alterations ◽  
Upregulated Genes

AbstractMost biological features that occur on the body after death were already deciphered by traditional medicine. However, the molecular mechanisms triggered in the cellular microenvironment are not fully comprehended yet. Previous studies reported gene expression alterations in the post-mortem condition, but little is known about how the environment could influence RNA degradation and transcriptional regulation. In this work, we analysed the transcriptome of mouse brain after death under three concealment simulations (air exposed, buried, and submerged). Our analyses identified 2,103 genes differentially expressed in all tested groups 48 h after death. Moreover, we identified 111 commonly upregulated and 497 commonly downregulated genes in mice from the concealment simulations. The gene functions shared by the individuals from the tested environments were associated with RNA homeostasis, inflammation, developmental processes, cell communication, cell proliferation, and lipid metabolism. Regarding the altered biological processes, we identified that the macroautophagy process was enriched in the upregulated genes and lipid metabolism was enriched in the downregulated genes. On the other hand, we also described a list of biomarkers associated with the submerged and buried groups, indicating that these environments can influence the post-mortem RNA abundance in its particular way.

Neuroprotective effect of NDEELNK from sea cucumber ovum against scopolamine-induced PC12 cells damage through enhancing energy metabolism and upregulation of PKA/BDNF/NGF signaling pathway

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Zhao ◽  
Yifei Dong ◽  
Qi Ge ◽  
Pengbo Cui ◽  
Na Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Pc12 Cells ◽  
Sea Cucumber ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Neuroprotective Effect ◽  
Ngf Signaling ◽  
Neuroprotective Function

The aim of study was to evaluate the neuroprotective function of sea cucumber ovum peptides-derived NDEELNK and explore underlying molecular mechanisms. NDEELNK exerted neuroprotective effect by improving the acetylcholine (ACh)...

scholarly journals Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Perturbed Energy Metabolism and Neuronal Degeneration in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Diseases

1999 ◽  
Vol 893 (1 OXIDATIVE/ENE) ◽  
pp. 154-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARK P. MATTSON ◽  
WARD A. PEDERSEN ◽  
WENZHEN DUAN ◽  
CARSTEN CULMSEE ◽  
SIMONETTA CAMANDOLA
Keyword(s):  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Neuronal Degeneration ◽  
Parkinson’S Diseases

scholarly journals The Impact of Medium Chain and Polyunsaturated ω-3-Fatty Acids on Amyloid-β Deposition, Oxidative Stress and Metabolic Dysfunction Associated with Alzheimer´s Disease

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1991
Author(s):  
Janine Mett
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Amyloid Β ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Medium Chain ◽  
The Impact

Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the most common cause of dementia in the elderly population, is closely linked to a dysregulated cerebral lipid homeostasis and particular changes in brain fatty acid (FA) composition. The abnormal extracellular accumulation and deposition of the peptide amyloid-β (Aβ) is considered as an early toxic event in AD pathogenesis, which initiates a series of events leading to neuronal dysfunction and death. These include the induction of neuroinflammation and oxidative stress, the disruption of calcium homeostasis and membrane integrity, an impairment of cerebral energy metabolism, as well as synaptic and mitochondrial dysfunction. Dietary medium chain fatty acids (MCFAs) and polyunsaturated ω-3-fatty acids (ω-3-PUFAs) seem to be valuable for disease modification. Both classes of FAs have neuronal health-promoting and cognition-enhancing properties and might be of benefit for patients suffering from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and AD. This review summarizes the current knowledge about the molecular mechanisms by which MCFAs and ω-3-PUFAs reduce the cerebral Aβ deposition, improve brain energy metabolism, and lessen oxidative stress levels.

scholarly journals Metabolic Profiling of Hearts Exposed to Sevoflurane and Propofol Reveals Distinct Regulation of Fatty Acid and Glucose Oxidation

2010 ◽  
Vol 113 (3) ◽  
pp. 541-551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lianguo Wang ◽  
Kerry W. S. Ko ◽  
Eliana Lucchinetti ◽  
Liyan Zhang ◽  
Heinz Troxler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Lipid Rafts ◽  
Metabolic Profiling ◽  
Glucose Oxidation ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Glucose Transporter ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Glucose Transporter 4 ◽  
Oxidative Energy Metabolism

Background Myocardial energy metabolism is a strong predictor of postoperative cardiac function. This study profiled the metabolites and metabolic changes in the myocardium exposed to sevoflurane, propofol, and Intralipid and investigated the underlying molecular mechanisms. Methods Sevoflurane (2 vol%) and propofol (10 and 100 microM) in the formulation of 1% Diprivan (AstraZeneca Inc., Mississauga, ON, Canada) were compared for their effects on oxidative energy metabolism and contractility in the isolated working rat heart model. Intralipid served as a control. Substrate flux through the major pathways for adenosine triphosphate generation in the heart, that is, fatty acid and glucose oxidation, was measured using [H]palmitate and [C]glucose. Biochemical analyses of nucleotides, acyl-CoAs, ceramides, and 32 acylcarnitine species were used to profile individual metabolites. Lipid rafts were isolated and used for Western blotting of the plasma membrane transporters CD36 and glucose transporter 4. Results Metabolic profiling of the hearts exposed to sevoflurane and propofol revealed distinct regulation of fatty acid and glucose oxidation. Sevoflurane selectively decreased fatty acid oxidation, which was closely related to a marked reduction in left ventricular work. In contrast, propofol at 100 microM but not 10 microM increased glucose oxidation without affecting cardiac work. Sevoflurane decreased fatty acid transporter CD36 in lipid rafts/caveolae, whereas high propofol increased pyruvate dehydrogenase activity without affecting glucose transporter 4, providing mechanisms for the fuel shifts in energy metabolism. Propofol increased ceramide formation, and Intralipid increased hydroxy acylcarnitine species. Conclusions Anesthetics and their solvents elicit distinct metabolic profiles in the myocardium, which may have clinical implications for the already jeopardized diseased heart.

scholarly journals Towards comprehensive allosteric control over protein activity

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrico Guarnera ◽  
Igor N. Berezovsky
Keyword(s):  
Ligand Binding ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Allosteric Regulation ◽  
Mode Switching ◽  
Contact Network ◽  
Protein Activity ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
Functional Sites ◽  
Allosteric Control ◽  
Allosteric Communication

AbstractOn the basis of the perturbation nature of allosteric communication, a computational framework is proposed for estimating the energetics of signaling caused by the ligand binding and mutations. The perturbations are modelled as alterations of the strenght of interactions in the protein contact network in the binding sites and neighborhoods of mutated residues. The combination of protein harmonic modelling with effect of perturbations and the estimate of local partition functions allow one to evaluate the energetics of allosteric communication at single residue level. The potential allosteric effect of a protein residue position, modulation range, is given by the difference between responses to stabilizing and destabilizing mutations. We show a versatility of the approach on three case studies of proteins with different mechanisms of allosteric regulation, testing it on their known regulatory and functional sites. Allosteric Signaling Maps (ASMs) obtained on the basis of residue-by-residue scanning are proposed as a comprehensive tool to explore a relationship between mutations allosterically modulating protein activity and those that mainly affect protein stability. Analysis of ASMs shows distance dependence of the mode switching in allosteric signaling, emphasizing the role of domains/subunits in protein allosteric communication as elements of a percolative system. Finally, ASMs can be used to complement and tune already existing signaling and to design new elements of allosteric regulation.SignificanceUniversality of allosteric signaling in proteins, molecular machines, and receptors and great advantages of prospected allosteric drugs in highly specific, non-competitive, and modulatory nature of their actions call for deeper theoretical understanding of allosteric communication. In the energy landscape paradigm underliying the molecular mechanisms of protein function, allosteric signalling is the result of any perturbation, such as ligand binding, mutations, intermolecular interactions etc. We present a computational model, allowing to tackle the problem of modulating the energetics of protein allosteric communication. Using this method, Allosteric Signaling Maps (ASMs) are proposed as an approach to exhaustively describe allosteric signaling in the protein, making it possible to take protein activity under allosteric control.

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