Chemical Composition, Antioxidant and Enzyme Inhibitory Properties of Different Extracts Obtained from Spent Coffee Ground and Coffee Silverskin

In a world where an eco-friendlier approach is becoming more and more necessary, it is essential to reduce waste production and to reuse residues of the company’s supply chain. Coffee silverskin (CS) and spent coffee ground (SCG), two by-products of coffee production, are important sources of bioactive compounds and, for this, some authors have proposed their reuse in the nutraceutical, food, and cosmetic sector. However, their potential enzyme inhibitory properties have been poorly investigated. Hence, the objective of the current work was to study the enzymatic inhibitory activities against acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and tyrosinase of different extracts of CS and SCG. Before these in vitro bioassays, the phytochemical composition of each extract was investigated via colorimetric assays and HPLC-MS/MS analysis. In addition, the antioxidant activities were evaluated by different chemical approaches. SCG extracts contained a higher content of bioactive compounds, notably the SCG EtOH:H2O extract was the richest in caffeine and possessed the highest antioxidant activities. The hydroalcoholic and methanolic extracts were shown to be the most active against all tested enzymes, while the water extracts displayed lower activity. Our results showed a weak correlation between bioactive compounds and enzyme inhibitory effects, proving inhibitory activities likely due to non-phenolic molecules such as alkaloids and terpenoids. Obtained findings could be a starting point to develop novel nutraceuticals from CS and SCG.

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Radioprotective effects of active compounds of Acanthopanax senticosus from the Lesser Khingan Mountain range in China

RSC Advances ◽

10.1039/c5ra18325a ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 65-72 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Wei Song ◽

Jinming Shi ◽

Denis Baranenko ◽

Jing Jing ◽

Weihong Lu

Keyword(s):

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Radiation Injury ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Mountain Range ◽

Acanthopanax Senticosus ◽

Active Compounds

Bioactive compounds extracted from wild Acanthopanax senticosus showed radioprotective effects through in vitro antioxidant activities and suppression of radiation injury in mice.

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Analysis of the oxidative stress inhibition potentials of Artemisia annua and its bioactive compounds through in vitro and in silico studies

Journal of Pharmacy & Bioresources ◽

10.4314/jpb.v18i3.9 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (3) ◽

pp. 245-259

Author(s):

Stephen Adakole Ejembi ◽

Titilayo Omolara Johnson ◽

Jonathan Dingkwoet Dabak ◽

Augustina Oduje Akinsanmi ◽

Jane-Rose Ifuanyachi Oche ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Artemisia Annua ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Protein Targets ◽

Active Involvement ◽

In Silico Studies ◽

Plateau State ◽

Antioxidant Mechanisms

Oxidative stress overwhelms the antioxidant mechanisms of living systems, with active involvement in the pathogenesis of several diseases. Natives of Gangnim in the Plateau State of Nigeria may be unknowingly endowed with some protective advantages against oxidative stress for their habitual consumption of Artemisia annua tea. The antioxidant activities of A. annua extracts were determined using in vitro methods and the inhibitory potentials of twenty-nine (29) bioactive compounds of the plant against oxidative stress target proteins were assessed through molecular docking analysis. These extracts showed significantly high activities in scavenging nitric oxide, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and reducing ferric (Fe3+) to ferrous (Fe2+) iron. Virtually, none of the bioactive compounds binds to the active site of the antioxidant protein targets. Rather, 72.41, 93.10 and 75.86% of these compounds bind with high binding affinity to the activator binding sites of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and catalase (CAT) respectively. 7,8-dimethylalloxazine (-8.10 kcal/mol) ranked highest as a prospective inhibitor of xanthine oxidase (XOX). The antioxidant activity exhibited by the extracts of the locally cultivated A. annua and the molecular interactions of its bioactive compounds against the protein targets used predict that oxidative stress inhibition could be effectively achieved with these phytochemicals.

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Black goji berry (Lycium ruthenicum) tea has higher phytochemical contents and in vitro antioxidant properties than red goji berry (Lycium barbarum) tea

Food Quality and Safety ◽

10.1093/fqsafe/fyaa022 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (4) ◽

pp. 193-201

Author(s):

Bei Liu ◽

Qingqing Xu ◽

Yujing Sun

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Antioxidant Property ◽

Lycium Barbarum ◽

Antioxidant Power ◽

Goji Berry ◽

Good Habit

Abstract Goji berry tea, a traditional herbal tea, is the main ate mode of goji berry in Asia, yet few studies in comparison with red goji berry tea and black goji berry tea are carried out. This study investigated the effects of water temperature and soak time on the colour, phytochemicals, and the antioxidant capacity [2,2-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH), and the ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP)] of two goji berry tea. A comparison of the bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities between black and red goji berry tea was conducted. Results showed that both red and black goji berry tea were rich in phytochemicals, giving high antioxidant ability. The levels of bioactive compounds and the antioxidant activity of the two goji berry tea increased as the increases in soak temperature and time. Black goji berry tea had higher phytochemicals and antioxidant property than those of red goji berry tea. Infused at 100° water for the same time, the levels of total polysaccharides (150 mg/100 ml), total polyphenols (238 mg/ml), and antioxidant capacity (550 μmol/100 ml) of black goji berry tea were 3.5, 2, and 5 times higher, respectively, in comparison with red goji berry tea. The results of this study demonstrate that hot drink of goji berry in China is a good habit and black goji berry tea may be a better choice.

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In Vitro Antioxidant Activities of Methanolic Extracts of Caesalpinia volkensii Harms., Vernonia lasiopus O. Hoffm., and Acacia hockii De Wild

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2020/3586268 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Beatrice Muthoni Guchu ◽

Alex King’ori Machocho ◽

Stephen Kiruthi Mwihia ◽

Mathew Piero Ngugi

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Therapeutic Potential ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Antioxidant Power ◽

Chain Reactions ◽

Methanolic Extracts ◽

Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power

Oxidative stress is the result of the disparity between pro-oxidants and antioxidants in an organism, and it is important in the pathogenesis of several degenerative disorders, such as arthritis, Alzheimer’s, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases. Free radicals can damage biomolecules, such as nucleic acids, lipids, proteins, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and carbohydrates, and the DNA leading to mutations. The use of antioxidants is effective in delaying the oxidation of biomolecules. Antioxidants are complexes found in the food that can retard or deter oxidation by preventing the initiation and propagation of oxidizing chain reactions. Medicinal plants have been used for centuries by man to manage diseases and have a host of antioxidant complexes. Traditionally, Caesalpinia volkensii, Vernonia lasiopus, and Acacia hockii have folkloric remedies against associated oxidative stress-mediated complications. However, the upsurge in its use has not been accompanied by scientific validations to support these claims. In this study, in vitro antioxidant activity of Caesalpinia volkensii, Vernonia lasiopus, and Acacia hockii collected from Embu County (Kenya) were determined by radical scavenging activities of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and hydroxyl radical in addition to ferric reducing antioxidant power analyzed against that of L-ascorbic acid as the standard. The obtained results revealed remarkable antioxidant activities of the studied plant extracts as evidenced by the low IC50 and EC50 values. These antioxidant activities could be due to the presence of antioxidants phytochemicals such as flavonoids, phenols, terpenoids, and saponins among others. Therefore, the therapeutic potential of this plant could be due to their antioxidant properties. This study recommends bioassay of the extracts against oxidative stress-related disorders for development of phytomedicine with antioxidant properties.

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Phytochemical and Biological Activities of five Turanecio Hamzaoglu (Asteraceae) Species from Turkey

Current Enzyme Inhibition ◽

10.2174/1573408012666160808095059 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 49-55

Author(s):

Sevil Albayrak ◽

Ahmet Aksoy ◽

Abit Yasar ◽

Lutfiye Yurtseven ◽

Umit Budak

Keyword(s):

Therapeutic Potential ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Natural Antioxidants ◽

Antibacterial Activities ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

In Vitro Assays ◽

Methanolic Extracts ◽

Promising Source

Objectives: In vitro biological activities of methanolic extracts of five Turanecio species have been studied. Materials and Methods: The phenolic compositions of the extracts were evaluated by the Folin- Ciocalteu assay and by HPLC analysis. Antioxidant activities were determined with two in vitro assays namely, DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) scavenging assay and phosphomolybdenum assay. The antimicrobial activities of the extracts were evaluated against 13 microorganisms. Results: T. hypochionaeus var. hypochionaeus was showed the highest DPPH inhibition with 88.84% at 100 μg·mL-1. All of the extracts were exerted high total antioxidant activities 128.00- 243.13 mg AAE g-1) and seem to be a promising source of natural antioxidants. The phenolic contents in the extracts varied from 26.17 to 60.99 mg·g-1 as gallic acid equivalent. Chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid and p- coumaric acid were the predominant constituents. The methanolic extracts revealed promising antibacterial activities against most bacteria. No activity was recorded against yeasts tested. Conclusion: The polyphenolic constituents appear to be responsible, at least in part, for the extract’s activities. The present study confirms that tested Turanecio species contains significant source of phenolics have antioxidant and antimicrobial activities and may have therapeutic potential.

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IN VITRO ANTI-DIABETIC AND ANTI-OXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF ETHANOL EXTRACT OF TINOSPORA SINENSIS

International Journal of Current Pharmaceutical Research ◽

10.22159/ijcpr.2017v9i2.17379 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 42 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Anindita Banerjee ◽

Bithin Maji ◽

Sandip Mukherjee ◽

Kausik Chaudhuri ◽

Tapan Seal

Keyword(s):

Plant Extract ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Inhibitory Activities ◽

Ethanol Extracts

Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the alpha (α)-amylase and alpha (α)-glucosidase inhibitory activities and in vitro antioxidant activities of the 80 % aqueous ethanol extracts of Tinosporasinensis Lour (Merr.).Methods: The 80% aq. ethanol extract of the plant was prepared. The plant extract was examined for its antioxidant activity by using free radical 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging method, ABTS radical scavenging ability, reducing power capacity, estimation of total phenolic content, flavonoid content and flavonol content. Different concentrations (2, 4, 8,10and 15 μg/ml) of the extract was subjected to α-amylase inhibitory and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities and IC50were calculated.Results: The study revealed that the different concentrations of the plant extract possessed a very good amount of total phenolics, flavonoid and flavonol and exhibited potent radical scavenging activity using DPPH and ABTS as a substrate. The ethanol extracts exhibited significant α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities with an IC50 value1.093µg and 1.04µg dry extract respectively and well compared with standard acarbose drug.Conclusion: Thus, it could be concluded that due to the presence of antioxidant components the plant extracts could be used for the treatment of hyperglycemia, diabetes and the related condition of oxidative stress. This knowledge will be useful in finding more potent components from the natural resources for the clinical development of antidiabetic therapeutics.

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Identification of Bioactive Compounds in Polar and Nonpolar Extracts of Araujia sericifera

Planta Medica International Open ◽

10.1055/s-0043-121151 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (03) ◽

pp. e93-e103

Author(s):

Martina Palomino-Schätzlein ◽

Mary Montaño ◽

Pablo Escrig ◽

Herminio Boira ◽

Avelino Corma ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Carcinoma Cell ◽

Human Colon ◽

Moderate Activity ◽

Human Colon Carcinoma Cell ◽

Methanolic Extracts ◽

Aerial Parts ◽

Breast Carcinoma Cell Lines ◽

Conduritol F

Abstract Araujia sericifera is a native perennial, climbing laticiferous shrub from South America that is currently naturalized in many other countries. Previous data describe promising properties for A. sericifera, but no systematic study of its bioactive compounds and possible medicinal applications has been conducted to date. In the present study, aerial parts of A. sericifera (leaves, stems, and fruits) were explored by combining GC-MS and NMR spectroscopy analysis for both nonpolar (hexane) and polar (methanol) extracts. The hexanic extracts contained high amounts of pentacyclic triterpenes including two new metabolites, 3-tigloyl germanicol (18) and 3-tigloyl lupeol (19). The methanolic extracts revealed the presence of luteolin-7-glucoside (24), trigonelline (22), and conduritol F (23) as the main constituents. A multivariate study of a meaningful number of extracts allowed us to determine the distribution of compounds inside the plant. A cytotoxic evaluation in vitro showed that both leaf and fruit hexanic extracts presented a moderate activity against human breast carcinoma cell lines (MDA-MB-453 and MCF-7) and human colon carcinoma cell line (HCT-116) by the MTS [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium] assay.

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Analysis of Methanolic Extracts and Crude Polysaccharides from the Leaves of Chuanminshen violaceum and Their Antioxidant Activities

Antioxidants ◽

10.3390/antiox8080266 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (8) ◽

pp. 266 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Lin ◽

Li ◽

Wang ◽

Liu ◽

Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Chlorogenic Acid ◽

Galacturonic Acid ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Natural Antioxidants ◽

Chemical Characteristics ◽

Pectic Polysaccharides ◽

Methanolic Extracts

The root of Chuanminshen violaceum is used as an important edible and medicinal plant in China. However, its leaves are generally considered byproducts, and therefore do not have a use. Thus, the phenolic compounds in the methanolic extracts (CVLMs) and the chemical characteristics of crude polysaccharides (CVLPs) from the leaves of C. violaceum and their in vitro antioxidant activities were explored. The results showed that chlorogenic acid and rutin were the major individual phenolic compounds in the leaves, which ranged from 1.22 ± 0.03 to 2.87 ± 0.04 mg/g DW, and from 2.25 ± 0.04 to 4.03 ± 0.05 mg/g DW, respectively. Meanwhile, the extraction yields of CVLPs from the leaves ranged from 4.73% to 5.41%. The CVLPs consisted of mannose, rhamnose, galacturonic acid, glucose, galactose, and arabinose, suggesting the existence of pectic polysaccharides. Furthermore, both CVLMs and CVLPs exhibited strong antioxidant activities. Chlorogenic acid and rutin were major contributors to the antioxidant activities of CVLMs, and the antioxidant activities of CVLPs were closely correlated to their α-1,4-D-galactosiduronic linkages. The results are beneficial for understanding the chemical properties and in vitro antioxidant activities of CVLMs and CVLPs. The leaves of C. violaceum have potential to be developed as natural antioxidants.

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Bioactive Variability and In Vitro and In Vivo Antioxidant Activity of Unprocessed and Processed Flour of Nine Cultivars of Australian lupin Species: A Comprehensive Substantiation

Antioxidants ◽

10.3390/antiox9040282 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 282 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Kishor Mazumder ◽

Afia Nabila ◽

Asma Aktar ◽

Asgar Farahnaky

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Methyl Ester ◽

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Acid Methyl Ester ◽

Heat Processing ◽

Acid Methyl ◽

Ms Analysis

The aim of this present investigation was to analyze bioactive compounds, as well as demonstrate the antioxidant activities of nine cultivars of Australian lupin species accompanied by observing the effect of domestic heat processing on their antioxidant activities adopting in vivo and in vitro approaches. Gas chromatography mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) analysis was performed for profiling bioactive compounds present in lupin cultivars. Multiple assay techniques involving quantification of polyphenolics, flavonoids and flavonol, electron transfer (ET) based assay, hydrogen atom transfer (HAT)-based assay and in vivo assays were performed. The major compounds found were hexadecanoic acid methyl ester, 9,12-octadecadienoic acid methyl ester, methyl stearate, lupanine,13-docosenamide and 11-octadecenoic acid (Z)- methyl ester. Mandelup was found to show excellent antioxidant activity. Moreover, Jurien, Gunyidi and Barlock had strong antioxidant activity. Both positive and negative impacts of heat processing were observed on antioxidant activity. Heating and usage of excess water during processing were the key determinants of loss of antioxidants. Negligible loss of antioxidant activity was observed in most of the assays whereas inhibition of both lipid peroxidation (33.53%) and hemolysis of erythrocytes (37.75%) were increased after processing. In addition, in vitro and in vivo antioxidant assays are found to show statistically significant (* p < 0.05 and ** p < 0.01) results, which are supported by the presence of a number of antioxidant compounds in GC-MS analysis.

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