scholarly journals Analytical Strategies for Fingerprinting of Antioxidants, Nutritional Substances, and Bioactive Compounds in Foodstuffs Based on High Performance Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry: An Overview

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1734 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dario Donno ◽  
Maria Gabriella Mellano ◽  
Giovanni Gamba ◽  
Isidoro Riondato ◽  
Gabriele Loris Beccaro
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Food Composition ◽  
Compound Identification ◽  
Bioactive Substances ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Analytical Strategies

New technology development and globalisation have led to extreme changes in the agri-food sector in recent years that need an important food supply chain characterisation from plant materials to commercial productions. Many analytical strategies are commonly utilised in the agri-food industry, often using complementary technologies with different purposes. Chromatography on-line coupled to mass spectrometry (MS) is one of the most selective and sensitive analytical methodologies. The purpose of this overview is to present the most recent MS-based techniques applied to food analysis. An entire section is dedicated to the recent applications of high-resolution MS. Covered topics include liquid (LC)– and gas chromatography (GC)–MS analysis of natural bioactive substances, including carbohydrates, flavonoids and related compounds, lipids, phenolic compounds, vitamins, and other different molecules in foodstuffs from the perspectives of food composition, food authenticity and food adulteration. The results represent an important contribution to the utilisation of GC–MS and LC–MS in the field of natural bioactive compound identification and quantification.

scholarly journals Chemical Profiles and Simultaneous Quantification of Aurantii fructus by Use of HPLC-Q-TOF-MS Combined with GC-MS and HPLC Methods

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (9) ◽  
pp. 2189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingjie He ◽  
Zongkai Li ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Suren Sooranna ◽  
Yiting Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Quality Control ◽  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Gradient Elution ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Bioactive Substances ◽  
Flight Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Tof Ms

Aurantii fructus (AF) is a traditional Chinese medicine that has been used to improve gastrointestinal motility disorders for over a thousand years, but there is no exhaustive identification of the basic chemical components and comprehensive quality control of this herb. In this study, high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (HPLC-Q-TOF-MS) and gas chromatography coupled mass spectrometry (GC-MS) were employed to identify the basic chemical compounds, and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was developed to determine the major biochemical markers from AF extract. There were 104 compounds belonging to eight structure types, including 13 amino acids or peptides, seven alkaloids, 18 flavanones, 14 flavones, 15 polymethoxyflavonoids, six triterpenoids, nine coumarins, and 18 volatile oils, as well as four other compounds that were systematically identified as the basic components from AF, and among them, 41 compounds were reported for the first time. Twelve bioactive ingredients were chosen as the benchmark markers to evaluate the quality of AF. The analysis was completed with a gradient elution at a flow rate of 0.7 mL/min within 55 min. This efficient method was validated showing good linearity, precision, stability, repeatability and recovery. Furthermore, the method was successfully applied to the simultaneous determination of 12 chemical markers in different samples of AF. This study could be applied to the identification of multiple bioactive substances and improve the quality control of AF.

scholarly journals Morphological, Anatomical, and Phytochemical Studies of Carlina acaulis L. Cypsela

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (23) ◽  
pp. 9230
Author(s):  
Maciej Strzemski ◽  
Bartosz J. Płachno ◽  
Barbara Mazurek ◽  
Weronika Kozłowska ◽  
Ireneusz Sowa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Chlorogenic Acids ◽  
Bioactive Substances ◽  
Phytochemical Studies

Carlina acaulis L. has a long tradition of use in folk medicine. The chemical composition of the roots and green parts of the plant is quite well known. There is the lowest amount of data on the cypsela (fruit) of this plant. In this study, the microscopic structures and the chemical composition of the cypsela were investigated. Preliminary cytochemical studies of the structure of the Carlina acaulis L. cypsela showed the presence of substantial amounts of protein and lipophilic substances. The chemical composition of the cypsela was investigated using spectrophotometry, gas chromatography with mass spectrometry, and high-performance liquid chromatography with spectrophotometric and fluorescence detection. The cypsela has been shown to be a rich source of macro- and microelements, vegetable oil (25%), α-tocopherol (approx. 2 g/kg of oil), protein (approx. 36% seed weight), and chlorogenic acids (approx. 22 g/kg seed weight). It also contains a complex set of volatile compounds. The C. acaulis cypsela is, therefore, a valuable source of nutrients and bioactive substances.

scholarly journals Antioxidant activity and sensory evaluation of a cold dairy-based beverage enriched with Sargassum polycystum C. Agardh extract in sunflower oil

Food Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 300-306
Author(s):  
A.D.R. Nurcahyanti ◽  
V. Melani ◽  
R. Pramitasari ◽  
D. Notario
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Sensory Evaluation ◽  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Bioactive Substances ◽  
Sargassum Polycystum ◽  
Functional Beverages

Natural based functional food and beverages have gained market interest in the last decade. Functional beverages, especially those enriched with nutrients and bioactive compounds, are of particular interest. Maintaining the nutritional or bioactive activity of these components along with their sensory attributes in the final product remains to be a challenge. Health benefits from bioactive substances, like fucoxanthin and phlorotannins, in marine algae makes it a promising commodity of an archipelago country. However, nutritional components, their stability, and an understanding of their nutritional and bioactive component availability require further investigation. Here we prospected natural and sustainable antioxidant additives from brown algae, Sargassum polycystum C Agardh, to enrich a cold dairy-based beverage. Food-grade extraction of S. polycystum was done by using 96% Ethanol to macerate dried powder algal. Identification of fucoxanthin in the extract was performed using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) (Prominance Shimadzu). We employed the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl method to quantify the antioxidant activity of extract alone and extract in three beverage formulations containing 0.02, 0.05, and 0.1 mg/cup S. polycystum extract. Sensory evaluation and viscosity analysis comparing our product to the commercially available product was also performed. Results showed that the combination of S. polycystum extract with sunflower oil was able to maintain antioxidant activity when stored at 4°C. Formulation 2 of dairy-based beverages passed the sensory evaluation. This study was the first to report the application of S. polycystum extract on a cold dairy-based beverage. This product was developed considering the low stability of the bioactive compound, fucoxanthin. More comprehensive sensory evaluation and optimization for large scale production are highly required.

scholarly journals Isolation and Structure Elucidation of Three Dimeric A-type Proanthocyanidins from Empetrum Nigrum L.

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-86
Author(s):  
A. O. Ponkratova ◽  
A. K. Whaley ◽  
A. A. Orlova ◽  
S. N. Smirnov ◽  
E. B. Serebryakov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Aerial Part ◽  
Array Detector ◽  
Preparative Hplc ◽  
Leningrad Region ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Empetrum Nigrum ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
First Time

Introduction. Urinary tract infections are a common group of diseases worldwide, affecting more than 150 million people every year. In about 30 % of patients with initial infection, UTI becomes chronic. Herbal medicines, along with synthetic diuretics and antibiotics, are widely used for the prevention and treatment of UTIs, which makes the search and isolation of various substances from plant materials an important task. The present study is devoted to the isolation of compounds belonging to the class of proanthocyanidins from the aerial part of the black crowberry (Empetrum nigrum L.).Aim. Method development for the isolation of individual dimeric type A proanthocyanidins from the aerial part of Empetrum nigrum and the elucidation of their chemical structure using modern physicochemical methods of analysis.Materials and methods. Shoots of Empetrum nigrum were collected next to the Saint Petersburg State Chemical-Pharmaceutical University Nursery Garden of Medicinal Plants (Leningrad region, Vsevolozhsky district, Priozerskoe highway, 38 km) in August 2019. Fraction analysis was performed through analytical high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using a Prominence LC-20 (Shimadzu corp., Japan) equipped with a SPD-M20A diode-array detector, as well as by high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) using a CAMAG HPTLC system (Switzerland). The isolation of compounds was carried out by open column chromatography using sorbents with different selectivity, as well as by preparative HPLC using a Smartline system (Knauer, Germany) equipped with a spectrophotometric detector. The structures of the isolated compounds were established by 1D and 2D NMR experiments (Bruker Avance III 400 MHz, Germany), as well as high-resolution mass spectrometry (HR-ESI-MS) (Bruker Micromass Q-TOF, Germany).Results and discussion. Using the developed methods, from the Empetrum nigrum shoots we managed to isolate and characterised three individual compounds belonging to the class of A-type proanthocyanidins. According to NMR and mass spectrometry data, compound 1 is epicatechin-(2β → O → 5, 4β → 6)-epicatechin, with an extremely rare type of intermonomer bond (2β → O → 5, 4β → 6). Compounds 2 and 3 are epicatechin-(2β → O → 7, 4β → 8)-epicatechin (procyanidin A2) and epicatechin-(2β → O → 7, 4β → 8)-catechin (procyanidin A1), respectively. All individual compounds (1-3) were found and isolated from Empetrum nigrum for the first time.Conclusion. As a result of the research, three individual compounds (A-type proanthocyanidins) were isolated from the aerial part of Empetrum nigrum. All individual compounds (1-3) were found and isolated from Empetrum nigrum for the first time. Future assessment of the isolated compounds biological activity is presumed.

scholarly journals Oleamide, a Bioactive Compound, Unwittingly Introduced into the Human Body through Some Plastic Food/Beverages and Medicine Containers

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katerina Naumoska ◽  
Urška Jug ◽  
Valentina Metličar ◽  
Irena Vovk
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Soft Drink ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Real Samples ◽  
Baby Bottles ◽  
Toxicological Studies ◽  
Contact Liquid ◽  
Real Matrices ◽  
Migration Limit

The purpose of the study was to investigate the migration of oleamide, a polymer lubricant, and a bioactive compound, from various plastic, marketed containers for food/beverages and medicines into polymer contact liquid. Methanol, food/medicine simulants or real samples were used to extract polymer leachables and extractables. Migrated oleamide into polymer contact liquids was determined by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS). The concentration of oleamide in the extracts of medicinal and insulin syringes was 7351 ng mL−1 and 21,984 ng mL−1, respectively. The leachates of intravenous (i.v.) infusion bottle, medicinal and insulin syringes contained 17 ng mL−1, 12 ng mL−1 and 152 ng mL−1, respectively. Oleamide in the extracts of dummies ranged from 30 to 39 ng mL−1, while in the leachates of baby bottles, from 12 to 23 ng mL−1. Leachates of soft drink bottles contained from 6 to 15 ng mL−1 oleamide, milk bottles from 3 to 9 ng mL−1, liquid yogurt bottles 17 ng mL−1 and water bottles from 11 to 18 ng mL−1. Bottled real matrices of oil and milk contained oleamide in the range from 217 to 293 ng mL−1. Moreover, the source of migrated oleamide (e.g., containers, caps, other parts) was identified. Oleamide is listed in the current EU regulations without a specific migration limit. Accordingly, these values are considered of no concern, unless future toxicological studies prove the opposite.

scholarly journals Purshia plicata Triggers and Regulates Proteins Related to Apoptosis in HeLa Cancer Cells

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2559
Author(s):  
Patricia Álvarez-Ortiz ◽  
Juan Ascacio-Valdés ◽  
Ileana Vera-Reyes ◽  
Cecilia Esparza-González ◽  
Raúl Rodríguez-Herrera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Cost Of Treatment ◽  
Traditional Therapies ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Mass Spectrometry

Cervical cancer represents a public health problem, develops resistance to traditional therapies and cost-of-treatment is high. These disadvantages have led to the search for alternative bioactive-compound-based therapies. Said bioactive compounds include phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and tannins. The present study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effect of a P. plicata extract on the HeLa cell line. Viability and apoptosis assays were run on the two cell lines treated with the extract. The peptides, up- and down-expressed in both cell lines, were identified by PDQuest analysis software and high-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS/MS). Our results show that a 500 mg/L treatment deregulated cell viability, with different apoptotic morphologies observed which are associated with the presence of bio-compounds, which up- and down-regulated the peptides. In conclusion, P. plicata regulates proteins associated with apoptosis in HeLa cancer cells.

scholarly journals Analytical Strategies Involved in the Detailed Componential Characterization of Biooil Produced from Lignocellulosic Biomass

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yao Lu ◽  
Guo-Sheng Li ◽  
Yong-Chao Lu ◽  
Xing Fan ◽  
Xian-Yong Wei
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Lignocellulosic Biomass ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Resolution Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Organic Species ◽  
Analytical Strategies ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Heteroatomic Organic Compounds

Elucidation of chemical composition of biooil is essentially important to evaluate the process of lignocellulosic biomass (LCBM) conversion and its upgrading and suggest proper value-added utilization like producing fuel and feedstock for fine chemicals. Although the main components of LCBM are cellulose, hemicelluloses, and lignin, the chemicals derived from LCBM differ significantly due to the various feedstock and methods used for the decomposition. Biooil, produced from pyrolysis of LCBM, contains hundreds of organic chemicals with various classes. This review covers the methodologies used for the componential analysis of biooil, including pretreatments and instrumental analysis techniques. The use of chromatographic and spectrometric methods was highlighted, covering the conventional techniques such as gas chromatography, high performance liquid chromatography, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance, and mass spectrometry. The combination of preseparation methods and instrumental technologies is a robust pathway for the detailed componential characterization of biooil. The organic species in biooils can be classified into alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, benzene-ring containing hydrocarbons, ethers, alcohols, phenols, aldehydes, ketones, esters, carboxylic acids, and other heteroatomic organic compounds. The recent development of high resolution mass spectrometry and multidimensional hyphenated chromatographic and spectrometric techniques has considerably elucidated the composition of biooils.

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