scholarly journals Physicochemical Characterization of an Exopolysaccharide Produced by Lipomyces sp. and Investigation of Rheological and Interfacial Behavior

Gels ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 156
Author(s):  
Wentian Li ◽  
Yilin Guo ◽  
Haiming Chen ◽  
Wenxue Chen ◽  
Hailing Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Monosaccharide Composition ◽  
Interface Layer ◽  
Anomeric Proton ◽  
Gelling Agent ◽  
Phosphate Ester ◽  
Interfacial Behavior ◽  
Characteristic Absorption Peak ◽  
Elastic Interface ◽  
Ft Ir

The present study aimed to evaluate the rheological and interfacial behaviors of a novel microbial exopolysaccharide fermented by L. starkeyi (LSEP). The structure of LSEP was measured by LC-MS, 1H and 13C NMR spectra, and FT-IR. Results showed that the monosaccharide composition of LSEP was D-mannose (8.53%), D-glucose (79.25%), D-galactose (7.15%), and L-arabinose (5.07%); there existed the anomeric proton of α-configuration and the anomeric carbon of α- and β-configuration; there appeared the characteristic absorption peak of the phosphate ester bond. The molecular weight of LSEP was 401.8 kDa. The water holding capacity (WHC, 2.10 g/g) and oil holding capacity (OHC, 12.89 g/g) were also evaluated. The results of rheological properties showed that the aqueous solution of LSEP was a non-Newtonian fluid, exhibiting the shear-thinning characteristics. The adsorption of LSEP can reduce the interfacial tension (11.64 mN/m) well and form an elastic interface layer at the MCT–water interface. Such functional properties make LSEP a good candidate for use as thickener, gelling agent, and emulsifier to form long-term emulsions for food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic products.

Formulation, Optimization,and Ex-Vivo Evaluation of Novel Lipid Carriers for Enhanced Transdermal Delivery of Hydroquinone

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shivani Verma ◽  
Sukhjinder Kaur ◽  
Lalit Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Skin Permeation ◽  
Topical Delivery ◽  
Gelling Agent ◽  
Minimum Size ◽  
Prolonged Release ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Ir Analysis ◽  
Skin Retention

Background: HQ is used for hyper-pigmentation treatment using conventional creams and gels. These formulations show various disadvantages like poor skin permeation, allergic reactions, and repeated use decreasing patient compliance. Objectives: The present work involved formulation, statistical optimization, and characterization of nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) for efficient topical delivery of hydroquinone (HQ) for hyperpigmentation treatment. Methods: The NLCs were optimized exploring Box–Behnken design (BBD) using three independent variables and two dependent variables. Formulation having the minimum size and maximum drug entrapment was considered as optimized formulation. Optimized formulation was evaluated for drug release followed by its freeze-drying. The freeze-dried formulation was subjected to differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis, X-raydiffraction (XRD) analysis, and Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) analysis. Furthermore, NLCs based gel was prepared by using Carbopol 934 as a gelling agent. NLCs based gel was evaluated for skin permeation, skin retention, and skin distribution (through confocal microscopic analysis) using pig ear skin. Results: Optimized NLCs showed smaller particle size [(271.9 ± 9) nm], high drug entrapment [(66.4 ± 1.2) %], tolerable polydispersity index (PDI) (0.221 ± 0.012), and zeta potential [(-25.9± 1.2) mV]. The FT-IR analysis revealed excellent compatibility between HQ and other excipients. The Carbopol 934 gel containing NLCs showed high transdermal flux [(163 ± 16.2) μg/cm2/h], permeability coefficient (0.0326 ± 0.0016), and skin permeation enhancement ratio (3.7 ± 0.4) compared to marketed cream of HQ. The results of confocal microscopic (CLSM) analysis revealed the accumulation of optimized NLCs in the lower epidermal layers of skin. Conclusion: NLCs based gel was considered effective in the topical delivery of HQ to treat hyper-pigmentation due high skin permeation, skin retention, and prolonged release of HQ.

scholarly journals THE PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF RECYCLED-PLASTIC PELLETS OBTAINED FROM DISPOSABLE FACE MASK WASTES

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Vienna Saraswaty ◽  
Rossy Choerun Nissa ◽  
Bonita Firdiana ◽  
Akbar Hanif Dawam Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Face Mask ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
The Government ◽  
Plastic Pellets

THE PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF RECYCLED-PLASTIC PELLETS OBTAINED FROM DISPOSABLE FACE MASK WASTES. The government policy to wear a face mask during the COVID-19 pandemic has increased disposable face mask wastes. Thus, to reduce such wastes, it is necessary to evaluate the physicochemical characteristics of disposable face masks wastes before the recycling process and the recycled products. In this study, physicochemical characterization of the 3-ply disposable face masks and the recycled plastic pellets after disinfection using 0.5% v/v sodium hypochlorite were evaluated. A set of parameters including the characterization of surface morphology by a scanning electron microscope (SEM), functional groups properties by a fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermal behavior by a differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), tensile strength and elongation at break were evaluated. The surface morphological of each layer 3-ply disposable face mask showed that the layers were composed of non-woven fibers. The FT-IR evaluation revealed that 3-ply disposable face mask was made from a polypropylene. At the same time, the DSC analysis found that the polypropylene was in the form of homopolymer. The SEM analysis showed that the recycled plastic pellets showed a rough and uneven surface. The FT-IR, tensile strength and elongation at break of the recycled plastic pellets showed similarity with a virgin PP type CP442XP and a recycled PP from secondary recycling PP (COPLAST COMPANY). In summary, recycling 3-ply disposable face mask wastes to become plastic pellets is recommended for handling disposable face mask wastes problem.

scholarly journals Physicochemical Characterization and Immunomodulatory Activity of a Novel Acid Polysaccharide from Solanum muricatum

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1972 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heng Yue ◽  
Qianqian Xu ◽  
Xianheng Li ◽  
Jeevithan Elango ◽  
Wenhui Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Average Molecular Weight ◽  
Thermal Studies ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Monosaccharide Composition ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Immunomodulatory Activity ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Solanum Muricatum ◽  
Acid Polysaccharide

To investigate the structure and immunomodulatory activity of polysaccharide from Solanum muricatum, a novel acid polysaccharide named SMP-3a was purified from Solanum muricatum pulp through DEAE-52 cellulose column and Sephadex G-200 chromatography. Monosaccharide composition analysis showed that SMP-3a was mainly composed of rhamnose, arabinose, galactose, and galacturonic acid with the molar ratio of 1.09:2.64:1.54:1. The average molecular weight was found to be 227 kDa by high performance gel permeation chromatography (HPGPC). Thermal studies revealed the SMP-3a was a thermally stable polymer. Based on the results of methylation and NMR analysis, the backbone chain of SMP-3a was composed of →2)-α-l-Rhap-(1→, →4)-α-d-GalpA-(1→ and →4)-α-d-Galp-(1→. The side chain was consisted of α-l-Araf-(1→ and →5)-α-l-Araf-(1→. Immunomodulatory assay indicated that SMP-3a could significantly promote the proliferation of macrophages and stimulate the secretion of cytokines, including TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6. Our results suggested that SMP-3a could be used as a novel potential immunomodulatory agent in functional food.

scholarly journals Physicochemical Characterization of Alginate Beads Containing Sugars and Biopolymers

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Aguirre Calvo ◽  
Patricio Santagapita
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Digital Image Analysis ◽  
Individual Component ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Alginate Beads ◽  
Complete Characterization ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Different Characteristics ◽  
Lower Water Content

Alginate hydrogels are suitable for the encapsulation of a great variety of biomolecules. Several alternatives to the conventional alginate formulation are being studied for a broad range of biotechnological applications; among them the addition of sugars and biopolymers arises as a good and economic strategy. Sugars (trehalose and β-cyclodextrin), a cationic biopolymer (chitosan), an anionic biopolymer (pectin), and neutral gums (Arabic, guar, espina corona, and vinal gums) provided different characteristics to the beads. Here we discuss the influence of beads composition on several physicochemical properties, such as size and shape, analyzed through digital image analysis besides both water content and activity. The results showed that the addition of a second biopolymer, β-CD, or trehalose provoked more compact beads, but the fact that they were compact not necessarily implies a concomitant increase in their circularity. Espina corona beads showed the highest circularity value, being useful for applications which require a controlled and high circularity, assuring quality control. Beads with trehalose showed lower water content than the rest of the system, followed by those containing galactomannans (espina corona, vinal, and guar gums), revealing polymer structure effects. A complete characterization of the beads was performed by FT-IR, assigning the characteristics bands to each individual component.

scholarly journals Physicochemical Characterization Of The Multiuse Medical Textiles In Surgery And As Packaging Material In Medical Sterilization

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 206-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beti Rogina-Car ◽  
Sandra Flincec Grgac ◽  
Drago Katovic
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Packaging Material ◽  
Medical Textiles ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Continuous Use ◽  
Electronic Microscope

AbstractThis work investigates changes in the physicochemical properties of dry multiuse medical textiles used in surgery and as packaging material in sterilization after 0, 1, 10, 20, 30, and 50 washing and sterilization cycles in real hospital conditions of the Clinical-Hospital Centre in Zagreb. Scanning electronic microscope (SEM) was used to perform morphological characterization. Physicochemical characterization and the resulting changes in the medical textiles were monitored using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometer. The change in the mass of the medical textiles as a results of temperature was determined by thermogravimetric (TG) analysis. Furthermore, structural characteristics based on the changes that resulted during the washing and sterilization processes are provided. The conclusion of the conducted research on the changes in the properties of multiuse medical textiles (Cotton/PES, Tencel®, and three-layer PES/PU/PES textile laminate) in real hospital conditions is that the medical textiles do manage to preserve properties after continuous use and it is safe to use them up to 50 washing and sterilization cycles.

Synthesis and Biochemical Evaluation of Samarium-153 Oxide Nanoparticles Functionalized with iPSMA-Bombesin Heterodimeric Peptide

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 689-701
Author(s):  
D. Trujillo-Benítez ◽  
G. Ferro-Flores ◽  
E. Morales-Avila ◽  
N. Jiménez-Mancilla ◽  
A. Ancira-Cortez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Tumors ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Targeted Radiotherapy ◽  
Biochemical Evaluation ◽  
Pc3 Cells ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Calcination Method ◽  
Specific Membrane

Developments in the design of lanthanide oxide nanoparticles (NPs) have unleashed a wide variety of biomedical applications. Several types of hepatic cancer cells overexpress two proteins: the gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPr), which specifically recognizes the bombesin (BN) peptide, and the prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), which specifically binds to several peptides that inhibit its activity (iPSMA). This research synthesized and physicochemically characterized Sm2O3 nanoparticles functionalized with the iPSMA-BN heterodimeric peptide and studied the effects on their structural, biochemical and preclinical properties after activation by neutron irradiation for possible use in molecular dual-targeted radiotherapy of hepatocellular carcinoma. The Sm2O3 NPs were synthesized by the precipitation-calcination method and functionalized with iPSMA-BN peptide using the DOTA macrocycle as a linking agent. Analysis of physicochemical characterization via TEM, EDS, XRD, UV-Vis, FT-IR, DSL, and zeta potential results showed the formation of Sm2O3-iPSMA-BN NPs (94.23 ± 5.98 nm), and their physicochemical properties were not affected after neutron activation. The nanosystem showed a high affinity with respect to PSMA and GRPr in HepG2 cells ( Kd = 6.6 ± 1.6 nM) and GRPr in PC3 cells ( Kd = 10.6 ± 1.9 nM). 153Sm2O3-iPSMA-BN NPs exhibited radioluminescent properties, making possible in vivo optical imaging of their biodistribution in mice. The results obtained from this research support further preclinical studies designed to evaluate the dosimetry and therapeutic efficacy of 153Sm2O3-iPSMA-BN nanoparticles for in vivo imaging and molecular dual-targeted radiotherapy of liver tumors overexpressing PSMA and/or GRPr proteins.

Physicochemical Characterization of Oxidatively Degraded Calcium Lignosulfonate via Alkaline Hydrogen Peroxide

2014 ◽  
Vol 887-888 ◽  
pp. 575-580 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Hong Hu ◽  
Jing Zhou ◽  
Cai Ying Bo ◽  
Bing Chuan Liang ◽  
Yong Hong Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Phenolic Resin ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Oxidative Degradation ◽  
Alkaline Condition ◽  
Alkaline Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Phenolic Contents ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Ft Ir

In order to increase the application prospect of calcium lignosulfonate in phenolic resin, Calcium lignosulfonate was oxidatively degraded by Hydrogen peroxide under alkaline condition. Both lignins were characterized by FT-IR, 1H NMR, UV, GC-MS and GPC. The optimal degradation conditions are: lignosulfonate:water=1:1, wt/wt, pH=10, temperature 60 °C, reaction time 2 h, and H2O2 dosage 6 wt% (based on weight of lignosulfonate). The results show that the degraded resultant is higher in phenolic contents, and lower in methoxyl content. Number molecular weight (Mn) of calcium lignosulfonate sharply decreases to 2294, versus 17774 before oxidative degradation.Guaiacly monoer content increased and kinds of phenolic compounds occurre in oxidative degradation fractions, mainly due to β-O-4 and β-5 cleavage. And reactive activity of the oxidatively degraded compounds is sharply increased.

The Influence of Organosilane on Physicochemical Characterization of Waste Leather Powder with Different Size

2016 ◽  
Vol 847 ◽  
pp. 241-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya Juan Wang ◽  
Ya Li ◽  
Xin Zhang ◽  
Ning Kun Wu ◽  
Shuang Xi Shao
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Absorption ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Energy Dispersive Spectrometer ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Coupling Reaction ◽  
Decomposition Temperature ◽  
Powder Sample ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Powder Samples ◽  
Ft Ir

In order to reduce the pollution of the waste material, the waste leather powder tanned with vegetable tannin was used in this work, and vinyitrimethoxy silane was chosen as coupling agent. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were used to investigate the thermal properties of the powder sample. Both thermal decomposition temperature and denaturation temperature of the modified sample were higher than those of the raw samples due to the interaction between leather powder and silane, which can be demonstrated by Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive Spectrometer (SEM-EDS) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR). Additionally, the flowing property, hydrophilicity and water absorption rate of the powder samples was also examined. The results showed that the hydrophilicity and moisture absorption of the leather powder sample modified with silane was lower than the raw materials. And the flowing properties of the modified samples also decreased because of the coupling reaction of the flexible vinyitrimethoxy silane.

Preparation and Characterization of Tenofovir Disoproxil-Loaded Enteric Microparticle

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 5796-5799
Author(s):  
Young Hoon Kim ◽  
Yu-Chul Kim ◽  
Jae Yeol Kim ◽  
Jimi Byeon ◽  
Han-Joo Maeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Cellulose ◽  
Intestinal Tract ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Mixed Structure ◽  
Medium Ph ◽  
Sem Image ◽  
Single Use ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Ir Analysis

Tenofovir disoproxil (TD) has narrow absorption site mostly in upper intestinal tract where tenofovir rapidly decomposes. The aim of this work was to prepare and evaluate tenofovir disoproxil-loaded enteric microparticles (TDEMs) for the enhanced duodenal delivery. TDEMs were composed of TD, eudragit L-100 (EL) and ethyl cellulose (EC) as release-controlling polymers. For the physicochemical characterization, TDEMs were evaluated in terms of encapsulation efficiency (EE%), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The dissolution test was also performed while continuously changing the medium pH. The EE% of TD in TDEMs was good and more than 90%. The EC and EL formed a physically mixed structure and maintained their respective properties in TDEMs as confirmed by SEM image and FT-IR analysis. Combination of EL and EC gave higher enteric properties to TDEMs than the single use of EL or EC. The optimized TDEM (TD/EL/EC = 0.2/1/1, w/w/w ratio) yielded mean dissolution rate less than 10% in 1 h at pH 1.2, but completed dissolution with a dissolution more than 85% within 1 h at pH 6.5. Thus, the suggested TDEM would be promising enteric microparticles for the intensive delivery of TD to the duodenum.

scholarly journals Enhanced Catalytic Activity of Supported Gold Catalysts for Oxidation of Noxious Environmental Pollutant CO

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pranjal Saikia ◽  
Abu Taleb Miah ◽  
Banajit Malakar ◽  
Ankur Bordoloi
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Environmental Pollutant ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Supported Gold Catalysts ◽  
Co Conversion ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Supported Gold

Noble metal nanomaterials have attracted mounting research attention for applications in diverse fields of catalysis, biology, and nanotechnology. In the present study, we have undertaken a detailed investigation on synthesis, characterization, and catalytic activity studies for CO oxidation by nanogold catalysts supported over CeO2 and CeO2-ZrO2 (1 : 1 mole ratio). The support systems were prepared by modified, simple precipitation technique and the Au supported samples were synthesized using deposition-precipitation with urea method. The physicochemical characterization was performed by XRD, ICP-AES, BET surface area, FT-IR, UV-Vis DRS, Raman Spectroscopy, TEM, and XPS techniques. Au/CeO2 catalyst showed more than 80% CO conversions at 30°C, whereas Au/CeO2-ZrO2 exhibited ~100% CO conversion at that temperature. The catalytic performance of Au catalysts is highly dependent on the nature of the support.

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