scholarly journals Molecular Investigation of miRNA Biomarkers as Chemoresistance Regulators in Melanoma: A Protocol for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Genes ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
Peter Shaw ◽  
Greg Raymond ◽  
Katherine S. Tzou ◽  
Siddhartha Baxi ◽  
Ravishankar Ram Mani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Review ◽  
Bibliographic Databases ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Pairwise Correlation ◽  
Meta Regression Analysis ◽  
Trim And Fill ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: Melanoma is a global disease that is predominant in Western countries. However, reliable data resources and comprehensive studies on the theragnostic efficiency of miRNAs in melanoma are scarce. Hence, a decisive study or comprehensive review is required to collate the evidence for profiling miRNAs as a theragnostic marker. This protocol details a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis on the impact of miRNAs on chemoresistance and their association with theragnosis in melanoma. Methods and analysis: The articles will be retrieved from online bibliographic databases, including Cochrane Review, EMBASE, MEDLINE, PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, and Web of Science, with different permutations of ‘keywords’. To obtain full-text papers of relevant research, a stated search method will be used, along with selection criteria. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis for Protocols 2015 (PRISMA-P) standards were used to create this study protocol. The hazard ratio (HR) with a 95% confidence interval will be analyzed using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (CMA) software 3.0. (CI). The pooled effect size will be calculated using a random or fixed-effects meta-analysis model. Cochran’s Q test and the I2 statistic will be used to determine heterogeneity. Egger’s bias indicator test, Orwin’s and the classic fail-safe N tests, the Begg and Mazumdar rank collection test, and Duval and Tweedie’s trim and fill calculation will all be used to determine publication bias. The overall standard deviation will be evaluated using Z-statistics. Subgroup analyses will be performed according to the melanoma participants’ clinicopathological and biological characteristics and methodological factors if sufficient studies and retrieved data are identified and available. The source of heterogeneity will be assessed using a meta-regression analysis. A pairwise matrix could be developed using either a pairwise correlation or expression associations of miRNA with patients’ survival for the same studies.

scholarly journals A protocol for the systematic review and meta-analysis of thigmotactic behaviour in the open field test in rodent models associated with persistent pain

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. e100135
Author(s):  
Xue Ying Zhang ◽  
Jan Vollert ◽  
Emily S Sena ◽  
Andrew SC Rice ◽  
Nadia Soliman
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Outcome Measure ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Persistent Pain ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Bias Assessment ◽  
Animal Pain ◽  
Trim And Fill ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
The Impact

ObjectiveThigmotaxis is an innate predator avoidance behaviour of rodents and is enhanced when animals are under stress. It is characterised by the preference of a rodent to seek shelter, rather than expose itself to the aversive open area. The behaviour has been proposed to be a measurable construct that can address the impact of pain on rodent behaviour. This systematic review will assess whether thigmotaxis can be influenced by experimental persistent pain and attenuated by pharmacological interventions in rodents.Search strategyWe will conduct search on three electronic databases to identify studies in which thigmotaxis was used as an outcome measure contextualised to a rodent model associated with persistent pain. All studies published until the date of the search will be considered.Screening and annotationTwo independent reviewers will screen studies based on the order of (1) titles and abstracts, and (2) full texts.Data management and reportingFor meta-analysis, we will extract thigmotactic behavioural data and calculate effect sizes. Effect sizes will be combined using a random-effects model. We will assess heterogeneity and identify sources of heterogeneity. A risk-of-bias assessment will be conducted to evaluate study quality. Publication bias will be assessed using funnel plots, Egger’s regression and trim-and-fill analysis. We will also extract stimulus-evoked limb withdrawal data to assess its correlation with thigmotaxis in the same animals. The evidence obtained will provide a comprehensive understanding of the strengths and limitations of using thigmotactic outcome measure in animal pain research so that future experimental designs can be optimised. We will follow the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses reporting guidelines and disseminate the review findings through publication and conference presentation.

The Effect of Celiac Neurolysis and Splanchnicectomy on Survival in Unresectable Pancreatic Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Linhan Ye ◽  
Stephan Schorn ◽  
Ilaria Pergolini ◽  
Okan Safak ◽  
Elke Demir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Stage Iii ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Unresectable Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Relevant Effect ◽  
The Impact

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Intractable pancreatic pain is one of the most common symptoms of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Celiac neurolysis (CN) and splanchnicectomy were already described as effective methods to manage abdominal pain in unresectable PDAC, but their impact on overall survival (OS) has not yet been established. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> We aimed to investigate the impact of CN and splanchnicectomy on the survival of patients with unresectable pancreatic cancer. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A systematic review of PubMed and Cochrane Library according to predefined searching terms was conducted in March 2020. Hazard ratios (HR) of OS data were calculated using the Mantel-Haenszel model for random effects or fixed effects. <b><i>Result:</i></b> Four randomized-controlled trials (RCTs) and 2 non-RCTs with a total of 2,507 patients were identified. The overall pooled HR did not reveal any relevant effect of CN and splanchnicectomy on OS (HR: 1.03; 95% CI: 0.81–1.32), which was also underlined by the sensitivity analysis of RCTs (HR: 1.0; 95% CI: 0.72–1.39) and non-RCTs (HR: 1.07; 95% CI: 0.71–1.63). However, subgroup analyses depending on tumor stage revealed that CN or splanchnicectomy was associated with a worsened OS in AJCC (American Joint Committee on Cancer) stage III patients with unresectable PDAC (HR: 1.22; 95% CI: 1.03–1.45), but nor for AJCC stage IV patients (HR: 1.27; 95% CI: 0.9–1.80). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Although only few data are currently available, this systematic review with meta-analysis showed that in unresectable PDAC, CN or splanchnicectomy is associated with a worsened survival in stage III PDAC patients, with no effect on stage IV PDAC patients. These data call for caution in the usage of CN or splanchnicectomy in stage III PDAC and for further studies addressing this observation.

Carbapenem Resistance, Initial Antibiotic Therapy, and Mortality inKlebsiella pneumoniaeBacteremia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (11) ◽  
pp. 1319-1328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philipp P. Kohler ◽  
Cheryl Volling ◽  
Karen Green ◽  
Elizabeth M. Uleryk ◽  
Prakesh S. Shah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Carbapenem Resistance ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Initial Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Meta Regression ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Meta Regression Analysis ◽  
The Impact

BACKGROUNDMortality associated with infections caused by carbapenem-resistantEnterobacteriaceae(CRE) is higher than mortality due to carbapenem-sensitive pathogens.OBJECTIVETo examine the association between mortality from bacteremia caused by carbapenem-resistant (CRKP) and carbapenem-sensitiveKlebsiella pneumoniae(CSKP) and to assess the impact of appropriate initial antibiotic therapy (IAT) on mortality.DESIGNSystematic review and meta-analysisMETHODSWe searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and Wiley Cochrane databases through August 31, 2016, for observational studies reporting mortality among adult patients with CRKP and CSKP bacteremia. Search terms were related toKlebsiella, carbapenem-resistance, and infection. Studies including fewer than 10 patients per group were excluded. A random-effects model and meta-regression were used to assess the relationship between carbapenem-resistance, appropriateness of IAT, and mortality.RESULTSMortality was higher in patients who had CRKP bacteremia than in patients with CSKP bacteremia (15 studies; 1,019 CRKP and 1,148 CSKP patients; unadjusted odds ratio [OR], 2.2; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.8–2.6; I2=0). Mortality was lower in patients with appropriate IAT than in those without appropriate IAT (7 studies; 658 patients; unadjusted OR, 0.5; 95% CI, 0.3–0.8; I2=36%). CRKP patients (11 studies; 1,326 patients; 8-year period) were consistently less likely to receive appropriate IAT (unadjusted OR, 0.5; 95% CI, 0.3–0.7; I2=43%). Our meta-regression analysis identified a significant association between the difference in appropriate IAT and mortality (OR per 10% difference in IAT, 1.3; 95% CI, 1.0–1.6).CONCLUSIONSAppropriateness of IAT is an important contributor to the observed difference in mortality between patients with CRKP bacteremia and patients with CSKP bacteremia.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol2017;38:1319–1328

scholarly journals Anemia and iron metabolism in COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (8) ◽  
pp. 763-773 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petek Eylul Taneri ◽  
Sergio Alejandro Gómez-Ochoa ◽  
Erand Llanaj ◽  
Peter Francis Raguindin ◽  
Lyda Z. Rojas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Iron Metabolism ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Ferritin Level ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Bibliographic Databases ◽  
Distribution Width ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Iron metabolism and anemia may play an important role in multiple organ dysfunction syndrome in Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate biomarkers of anemia and iron metabolism (hemoglobin, ferritin, transferrin, soluble transferrin receptor, hepcidin, haptoglobin, unsaturated iron-binding capacity, erythropoietin, free erythrocyte protoporphyrine, and erythrocyte indices) in patients diagnosed with COVID-19, and explored their prognostic value. Six bibliographic databases were searched up to August 3rd 2020. We included 189 unique studies, with data from 57,563 COVID-19 patients. Pooled mean hemoglobin and ferritin levels in COVID-19 patients across all ages were 129.7 g/L (95% Confidence Interval (CI), 128.51; 130.88) and 777.33 ng/mL (95% CI, 701.33; 852.77), respectively. Hemoglobin levels were lower with older age, higher percentage of subjects with diabetes, hypertension and overall comorbidities, and admitted to intensive care. Ferritin level increased with older age, increasing proportion of hypertensive study participants, and increasing proportion of mortality. Compared to moderate cases, severe COVID-19 cases had lower hemoglobin [weighted mean difference (WMD), − 4.08 g/L (95% CI − 5.12; − 3.05)] and red blood cell count [WMD, − 0.16 × 1012 /L (95% CI − 0.31; − 0.014)], and higher ferritin [WMD, − 473.25 ng/mL (95% CI 382.52; 563.98)] and red cell distribution width [WMD, 1.82% (95% CI 0.10; 3.55)]. A significant difference in mean ferritin levels of 606.37 ng/mL (95% CI 461.86; 750.88) was found between survivors and non-survivors, but not in hemoglobin levels. Future studies should explore the impact of iron metabolism and anemia in the pathophysiology, prognosis, and treatment of COVID-19.

scholarly journals Clinical Theragnostic Potential of Diverse miRNA Expressions in Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rama Jayaraj ◽  
Greg Raymond ◽  
Sunil Krishnan ◽  
Katherine S. Tzou ◽  
Siddhartha Baxi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Bibliographic Databases ◽  
Prognostic Impact ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Chemotherapy Drugs ◽  
Newcastle Ottawa Scale ◽  
Methodological Assessment ◽  
Trim And Fill

Background: Prostate cancer (PrC) is the second-most frequent cancer in men, its incidence is emerging globally and is the fifth leading cause of death worldwide. While diagnosis and prognosis of PrC have been studied well, the associated therapeutic biomarkers have not yet been investigated comprehensively. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to evaluate the theragnostic effects of microRNA expressions on chemoresistance in prostate cancer and to analyse the utility of miRNAs as clinical theragnostic biomarkers. Methods: A systematic literature search for studies reporting miRNA expressions and their role in chemoresistance in PrC published until 2018 was collected from bibliographic databases. The evaluation of data was performed as per PRISMA guidelines for systematic review and meta-analysis. Meta-analysis was performed using a random-effects model using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (CMA) software. Heterogeneity between studies was analysed using Cochran’s Q test, I2 and the Tau statistic. Quality assessment of the studies was performed using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS) for the methodological assessment of cohort studies. Publication bias was assessed using Egger’s bias indicator test, Orwin and classic fail-safe N test, Begg and Mazumdar rank collection test, and Duval and Tweedie’s trim and fill methods. Findings: Out of 2909 studies retrieved, 79 studies were shortlisted and reviewed. A total of 17 studies met our eligibility criteria, from which 779 PrC patients and 17 chemotherapy drugs were examined, including docetaxel and paclitaxel. The majority of the drug regulatory genes reported were involved in cell survival, angiogenesis and cell proliferation pathways. We studied 42 miRNAs across all studies, out of which two miRNAs were found to be influencing chemosensitivity, while 21 were involved in chemoresistance. However, the remaining 19 miRNAs did not appear to have any theragnostic effects. Besides, the prognostic impact of the miRNAs was evaluated and had a pooled HR value of 1.960 with 95% CI (1.377–2.791). Interpretation: The observation of the current study depicts the significance of miRNA expression as a theragnostic biomarker in medical oncology. This review suggests the involvement of specific miRNAs as predictors of chemoresistance and sensitivity in PrC. Hence, the current systematic review and meta-analysis provide insight on the use of miRNA as PrC biomarkers, which can be harnessed as molecular candidates for therapeutic targeting.

scholarly journals Influenza A and D Viruses in Non-Human Mammalian Hosts in Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 2411
Author(s):  
Annie Kalonda ◽  
Marvin Phonera ◽  
Ngonda Saasa ◽  
Masahiro Kajihara ◽  
Catherine G. Sutcliffe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Influenza Surveillance ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Pooled Prevalence ◽  
The Impact

We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the prevalence and current knowledge of influenza A virus (IAV) and influenza D virus (IDV) in non-human mammalian hosts in Africa. PubMed, Google Scholar, Wiley Online Library and World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE-WAHIS) were searched for studies on IAV and IDV from 2000 to 2020. Pooled prevalence and seroprevalences were estimated using the quality effects meta-analysis model. The estimated pooled prevalence and seroprevalence of IAV in pigs in Africa was 1.6% (95% CI: 0–5%) and 14.9% (95% CI: 5–28%), respectively. The seroprevalence of IDV was 87.2% (95% CI: 24–100%) in camels, 9.3% (95% CI: 0–24%) in cattle, 2.2% (95% CI: 0–4%) in small ruminants and 0.0% (95% CI: 0–2%) in pigs. In pigs, H1N1 and H1N1pdm09 IAVs were commonly detected. Notably, the highly pathogenic H5N1 virus was also detected in pigs. Other subtypes detected serologically and/or virologically included H3N8 and H7N7 in equids, H1N1, and H3N8 and H5N1 in dogs and cats. Furthermore, various wildlife animals were exposed to different IAV subtypes. For prudent mitigation of influenza epizootics and possible human infections, influenza surveillance efforts in Africa should not neglect non-human mammalian hosts. The impact of IAV and IDV in non-human mammalian hosts in Africa deserves further investigation.

scholarly journals Efficaciousness of dexmedetomidine in children undergoing cleft lip and palate repair: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. e046798
Author(s):  
Dengfeng Liu ◽  
Li Pan ◽  
Yin Gao ◽  
Jiefan Liu ◽  
Feng Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Review ◽  
Random Effect Model ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Paediatric Patients ◽  
The Impact

ObjectiveTo systematically assess the efficacy and safety of dexmedetomidine as an anaesthesia adjuvant for cleft lip and palate (CLP) repair in children.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.Data sourcesPubMed, Embase, Cochrane, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), China Science and Technology Journal Database (VIP) and Wanfang (up to October 2020). Studies in languages other than English and Chinese were excluded.Eligibility criteria for selecting studiesRandomised controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the impact of dexmedetomidine on emergence agitation (EA), the need for postoperative rescue analgesics, postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), and other adverse events in paediatric patients during CLP repair.Data extraction and synthesisThe quality of evidence was assessed by using the Cochrane Review Methods and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach. Data were screened, extracted and assessed by two independent authors. Outcomes were reported as a risk ratio (RR) with a 95% CI. A random-effect model was used when heterogeneity was detected.ResultsThirteen studies including 1040 children met the inclusion criteria. The incidence of EA was significantly decreased in the dexmedetomidine group (RR, 0.19; 95% CI 0.10 to 0.36; p<0.00001; I2=56%) as compared with the control group. Paediatric patients receiving dexmedetomidine had lower postoperative analgesic requirements (RR, 0.27; 95% CI 0.10 to 0.73; p=0.01; I2=84%) and a lower incidence of respiratory adverse events (RR, 0.49; 95% CI 0.31 to 0.78; p=0.003; I2=0%). There were no significant differences in the risk of PONV and cardiovascular adverse events.ConclusionsThere was a lack of high-quality studies in this field. Perioperative administration of dexmedetomidine reduced the need for postoperative rescue analgesics and the incidence of EA in children without side effects undergoing CLP repair. However, further verification with larger samples and higher-quality RCTs is needed.

scholarly journals Smoking and Incidence of Insomnia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nan Hu ◽  
Chunyi Wang ◽  
Yan Liao ◽  
Qichen Dai ◽  
Shiyi Cao
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
Pooled Analysis ◽  
Study Characteristics ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background: Both smoking and insomnia are worldwide problems and this study aims to investigate the impact of smoking on the incidence of insomnia. Methods: PubMed, EMBASE and OVID were searched through March, 2020. Cohort studies reporting the effect of smoking on the incidence of insomnia were included. We quantitatively analyzed the basic framework and study characteristics, and then pooled estimate effects with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of outcomes of each included studies using fixed-effects meta-analyses. Results: This systematic review included six cohort studies involving 12445 participants. Quantitatively summarized results suggested smoking could significantly increase the incidence of insomnia (OR: 1.07, 95%CI: 1.02,1.13). Regular smoking was significantly associated with incidence of insomnia (OR=1.07, 95% CI:1.01,1.13). As for occasional smokers and ex-smokers, the pooled analysis didn’t indicate a significant association (occasional smoker: OR=2.09, 95% CI:0.44,9.95; ex-smoker; OR=1.02, 95% CI:0.67,1.54). Subgroup analysis by age, gender ratio and region showed statistically significant relationship between smoking and incidence of insomnia in specific groups. Conclusions: Integrated longitudinal observational evidence identified smoking as a significant risk factor of insomnia. Considering the limited amount of available studies, more high-quality and prospective cohort studies of large sample sizes are needed to explore details of this association.

Effect of Cashew Nut on Lipid Profile: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 348-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mojgan Morvaridzadeh ◽  
Mahdi Sepidarkish ◽  
Farnaz Farsi ◽  
Abolfazl Akbari ◽  
Roghayeh Mostafai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Cashew Nut

Introduction: Nuts are one of the dietary components which appear to have beneficial effects on cardiovascular disease biomarkers. Studies demonstrate beneficial effects of cash­ews on serum lipids concentration, but results in the literature remain inconclusive. We conducted a review to examine the effects of cashew nut supplementation on serum lipid profile. Methods: Two reviewers independently searched PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and EMBASE electronic databases from inception until June 2019 without language limitation. Random- and fixed-effects models were used to calculate 95% confidence intervals (CI) for studies. Results: Six randomized clinical trials comprising 531 participants were included in this systematic review. Three studies were included in the meta-analysis model. There were no significant changes for total cholesterol (TC) (standardized mean difference [SMD]: –0.02, 95% CI: –0.32, 0.28), triglycerides (TG) (SMD: –0.01, 95% CI: –0.22, 0.20), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (SMD: 0.09, 95% CI: –0.16, 0.34), or low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (SMD: –0.18, 95% CI: –0.75, 0.39). Conclusion: The results of this analysis demonstrate that treatment with cashew nut supplementation alone did not significantly change serum levels of LDL, HDL, TC, or TG.

scholarly journals Obesity is associated with increased severity of disease in COVID-19 pneumonia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanan Chu ◽  
Jinxiu Yang ◽  
Jiaran Shi ◽  
Pingping Zhang ◽  
Xingxiang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Hospital Mortality ◽  
Disease Progression ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Invasive Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Poor Outcomes ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Obesity has been widely reported to be associated with the disease progression of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); however, some studies have reported different findings. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the association between obesity and poor outcomes in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. Methods A systematic review and meta-analysis of studies from the PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases from 1 November 2019 to 24 May 2020 was performed. Study quality was assessed, and data extraction was conducted. The meta-analysis was carried out using fixed-effects and random-effects models to calculate odds ratios (ORs) of several poor outcomes in obese and non-obese COVID-19 patients. Results Twenty-two studies (n = 12,591 patients) were included. Pooled analysis demonstrated that body mass index (BMI) was higher in severe/critical COVID-19 patients than in mild COVID-19 patients (MD 2.48 kg/m2, 95% CI [2.00 to 2.96 kg/m2]). Additionally, obesity in COVID-19 patients was associated with poor outcomes (OR = 1.683, 95% CI [1.408–2.011]), which comprised severe COVID-19, ICU care, invasive mechanical ventilation use, and disease progression (OR = 4.17, 95% CI [2.32–7.48]; OR = 1.57, 95% CI [1.18–2.09]; OR = 2.13, 95% CI [1.10–4.14]; OR = 1.41, 95% CI [1.26–1.58], respectively). Obesity as a risk factor was greater in younger patients (OR 3.30 vs. 1.72). However, obesity did not increase the risk of hospital mortality (OR = 0.89, 95% CI [0.32–2.51]). Conclusions As a result of a potentially critical role of obesity in determining the severity of COVID-19, it is important to collect anthropometric information for COVID-19 patients, especially the younger group. However, obesity may not be associated with hospital mortality, and efforts to understand the impact of obesity on the mortality of COVID-19 patients should be a research priority in the future.

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