Depressive Symptoms among Patients with Diabetes in Qatar: Frequency and Potential Determinants

Background: Diabetes is a highly prevalent chronic disease that is associated with major complications. Findings regarding risk of depression among patients with diabetes are controversial. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and determinants of depressive symptoms among Qatari patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods: This cross-sectional study was based on Qatar Biobank (QBB) data of 2448 Qatari adults with diabetes aged 21–60 years old. Data regarding age, gender, education, income, body mass index (BMI), medication use, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were retrieved. Patients’ responses to the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) were also obtained. Data analyses was performed using STATA 16, and statistical significance was considered at a p-value of <0.05. Results: Of the 2448 participants, 15.4% (n = 378) had self-reported depressive symptoms. Depressive symptoms were frequent among females (69.6%), smokers (15.9%), and participants with a higher level of education (47.1%). Average age of participants who reported depressive symptoms was significantly less that among participants without depressive symptoms (44.8 vs. 52.9 years). Qatari women with diabetes seem to be at higher risk of depression when compared to men (OR = 1.819, 95% CI: 1.42–2.33); The odds of reporting depressive symptoms were 35% higher among patients with more advanced educational qualifications (OR = 1.351, 95% CI: 1.00, 1.82). Smokers were twice as likely to report depressive symptoms as their non-smoking counterparts. There was no significant relationship between depression and poor glycemic control, physical activity, BMI, or insulin use. Conclusions: In summary, the study results suggest that several sociodemographic factors, such as age, gender, and level of education were associated with the risk of depressive symptoms among Qataris with diabetes.

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Depressive symptoms are associated with cigarette smoking among tuberculosis patients in Botswana

10.1101/2021.09.14.21263357 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Alexandria Jones-Patten ◽

Qiao Wang ◽

Keneilwe Molebatsi ◽

Thomas E. Novotny ◽

Kamran Siddiqi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Cigarette Smoking ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Median Number ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Anxiety Symptoms ◽

Depression And Anxiety ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Health Clinics ◽

Patient Health

AbstractBackgroundResearchers have increasingly recognized the adverse effects of smoking on tuberculosis (TB) outcomes. Smoking may be a maladaptive coping mechanism for depression and anxiety among TB patients; however, this association has not yet been investigated.Design/MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study among newly diagnosed TB patients between January and December 2019 in Gaborone, Botswana, and evaluated factors associated with cigarette smoking. Using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and the Zung Self-Rating Anxiety scale, we collected depression and anxiety scores, respectively; scores of ≥10 indicate depression and scores of ≥36 indicate anxiety. We performed Poisson regression analyses with robust variance to examine whether depression and anxiety were associated with smoking.ResultsOne hundred and eighty participants with TB were enrolled from primary health clinics. Among all enrollees, depression was reported in 46 (27.1%) participants, while anxiety was reported in 60 (44.4%) participants. Overall, 45 (25.0%) participants reported current smoking, and the median number of cigarettes per day was 10. Depressive symptoms were associated with a higher prevalence of smoking (aPR: 1.82; 95% CI = 1.11, 3.01) after adjusting for sex, HIV status, food insecurity, anxiety, and income. The association between anxiety symptoms and cigarette smoking did not reach statistical significance (aPR 1.26; 95% CI: 0.78-2.05).ConclusionsWe found the association between depressive symptoms and smoking among TB patients in Botswana to be significant and the association between anxiety symptoms and cigarette smoking insignificant. Future studies should further investigate these associations when addressing TB care.

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Perception on Management of Nursing Education Institutes among Bachelors Students in Selected Nursing Colleges at Kathmandu

Journal of Advanced Academic Research ◽

10.3126/jaar.v7i1.35409 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 23-36

Author(s):

Bhuwan Kumari Dangol ◽

Narbada Thapa

Keyword(s):

Nursing Education ◽

Nursing Students ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Data Entry ◽

Education Institution ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Current Status ◽

P Value ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Organizational Goals

Management is a process of planning, decision making, organizing, leading, motivating and controlling, and an effective utilization of the resources to reach the organizational goals efficiently and effectively. Management has a crucial role in quality of work and production in any institutions. Although a rapid increase of Nursing Education Institutions in Nepal since last decade which had been trained thousands of nursing cadres, the management aspects of these institutions are not studied adequately. Thus current study intended to explore the current status of Nursing Education Institution Management as experienced and perceived by the bachelors nursing students. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among the nursing institutions in Kathmandu valley. Of the total 28 in the valley, 14 were selected purposively. From the selected institutions, all 377 eligible students currently in final year of study were selected. Among them, 208were from BSN and 169 were from B Sc program. The data was collected through the self administered structured questioners after taking informed consent. Data entry and analysis was done in SPSS version 16 software. The findings of the study show that 70% students were satisfied in institutional management (mean59.62, SD ± 3.66). In academic management (78%), (mean139.82, SD ± 6.22), followed by human resources 67%, (mean43.54, SD ± 2.79) and were in physical resources management 75% students were satisfied (mean45.02, SD ± 3.08). Analysis of variations between group (administrators, faculties, students) found statistical significance (p value <0.05). So it is concluded the perception of students, faculties and administrator were different on managing the nursing education.

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Climate Change Awareness and related Tree Planting Practices in a Rural Community in North-Western Nigeria

Journal of Community Medicine and Primary Health Care ◽

10.4314/jcmphc.v33i1.4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 33 (1) ◽

pp. 41-49

Author(s):

A.A. Gobir ◽

A.A. Aliyu ◽

A.A. Abubakar ◽

C. Esekhaigbe ◽

I.A. Joshua ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Tree Planting ◽

P Value ◽

Community Based ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Household Heads ◽

Tree Cutting ◽

Fire Wood

Background: Tree cutting is one of the causes of climate change and a common practice in Africa, a continent under significant threat from climate change. Therefore, climate change awareness and mitigation are vital to reducing its impacts in the region. Reforestation through planting of trees is an important carbon emission reduction strategy. This study assessed climate change awareness and related tree planting practices among household heads in a Nigerian rural community.Methods: A community-based descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted in April 2019 among all household heads in Nasarawan Buhari community. An interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect data from the 104 household heads (or their representatives). Data was analyzed using SPSS (version 21.0) and statistical significance was set at p value of < 0.05.Results: The mean age of respondents was 40.6±12.6 years, and most of them (87.5%) were males. Half (50.0%) were aware of climate change, and their main source of information was radio (63.5%). Most (98.1%) used fire wood for cooking. Only a minority (27.9%) planted at least a tree in the year preceding the study. There was a statistically significant association between climate change awareness and occupation (p=0.038) but not with tree planting (p=0.827).Conclusion: The results indicated that only half of respondents were aware of climate change. There was high use of wood as cooking fuel with low tree planting. Tree planting was not associated with climate change awareness. There is therefore a need for continuous climate change education and mitigation campaign in the community.

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Correlation of Knowledge and Beliefs to Adherence with Antibiotic Use in Adult Patients at a Private Hospital in Sidoarjo

Kesmas National Public Health Journal ◽

10.21109/kesmas.v15i2.2409 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Muhammad Hasan Wattiheluw ◽

Fauna Herawati ◽

Setiasih Setiasih ◽

Rika Yulia

Keyword(s):

Infectious Diseases ◽

Antibiotic Therapy ◽

Private Hospital ◽

Antibiotic Use ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

P Value ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Knowledge And Beliefs ◽

Study Results ◽

Hospitalization Period

Infectious diseases are one of the top ten causes of death in the world. Antibiotic therapy is administered for infectious diseases, but if bacteria are exposed to antibiotics continuously, then the bacteria are able to adapt to the medication, thereby resulting in antibiotic resistance. This condition results in an increase in mortality, long hospitalization period, and increased cost of antibiotic therapy and health services. Adherence to using antibiotics may be influenced by knowledge and beliefs about them. This study aimed to understand correlation between knowledge and belief with adherence to antibiotic use at a private hospital in Sidoarjo. This cross-sectional study, the data collected in three months period, was conducted with a questionnaire for assessment knowledge and belief. A pill count method was applied for assessment adherence to using antibiotics prescribed by doctors. The study results show that knowledge of the respondents was adequate for 76 people (69.7%), belief was adequate for 74 people (67.9%), and adherence to antibiotic use for 79 people (72%). Regression analysis showed that the variable that significantly influenced the adherence of patients in using antibiotics was perceived threat (p-value = 0,029). Sex, age, education, income, occupation, and marital status have no contribution to antibiotic knowledge, belief, and adherence.

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Depressive Symptoms in Dialysis: Prevalence and Relationship with Uremia-Related Biochemical Parameters

Blood Purification ◽

10.1159/000491014 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 46 (4) ◽

pp. 286-291 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Luigi Cirillo ◽

Roberta Cutruzzulà ◽

Chiara Somma ◽

Marco Gregori ◽

Giuseppe Cestone ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Functional Impairment ◽

Biochemical Parameter ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Dialysis Patients ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Patient Health ◽

Laboratory Variables ◽

The Impact

Background: Depression is the most common psychiatric disorder in long-term dialysis patients and a risk factor for morbidity and mortality. Although there is a relevance of the issue in the dialysis setting, we still know little about possible relationships between depression and uraemia-related biochemical abnormalities. Our aims were to evaluate (1) the prevalence of depression in our haemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD) population using a validated and easy-to-implement screening tool and (2) the association between depression and the main uraemia-related clinical and biochemical parameter changes. Methods: In this monocentric cross-sectional study, all patients of our centre with at least 3 months of dialysis were screened by Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), a self-administered depression-screening questionnaire validated in dialysis setting. The impact of depressive symptoms on daily life was also assessed. We then analysed relationships between the PHQ-9-derived depressive score, functional impairment score, demographic, clinical and laboratory variables. Results: In our cohort of 145 patients, depressive symptoms were found in 69 patients (46%). Stratifying for severity, mild, moderate and severe grade accounted for 31, 13 and 2% respectively. Depressive symptoms affected 36% of patients on PD versus 52% of patients on HD. Moreover, the PD patients had significantly less functional impairment derived from depressive symptoms than the HD patients. Simple and multiple regression analysis identified serum phosphorus as the only uraemia-related laboratory parameter that was high statistically associated with depressive score. Conclusions: Using a reliable, simple and fast tool, we found that depressive symptoms affect almost half of dialysis patients, particularly so the HD cohort. Severity of depressive symptoms seems related to serum levels of phosphorus possibly because depression affects compliance to therapy.

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Colostrum Avoidance Practice among primigavida Mothers in Urban Northwest Ethiopia. A Cross-Sectional Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-108002/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Tilksew Ayalew ◽

Eden Asmare

Keyword(s):

Statistical Significance ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Northwest Ethiopia ◽

P Value ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Normal Delivery ◽

Childhood Illnesses ◽

Complete Form ◽

Strength Of Association

Abstract Background: Breast milk is the ideal and complete form of nutrition for infants colostrum contains all the necessary nutrients for infants’ growth and development and antibodies that can protect from many childhood illnesses. Understanding the extent of and barriers to colostrum avoidance in Ethiopia is important for learning how to best improve optimal breastfeeding. No single study has been conducted on primigavida mothers in the country. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the rate of colostrum avoidance practice and associated factors among primigavida mothers Method: A community- based cross-sectional study was conducted from March to April 2016 among (n=398) randomly selected primigavida mothers in Bahir Dar city, northwest Ethiopia. Data were collected using a structured interviewer-administered questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS version25. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were carried out. Odds ratio with 95% confidence interval was used to measure the strength of association. Statistical significance was declared at P-value ≤0.05.Results: Out of 398 primipara mothers, 8.8% discarded colostrum. The most common reasons for discarding colostrum were; yellow and creamy (39.2%), bad for infant (35.2%), traditional/cultural reason (17.1%) and infant unable to feed (8.5%).Married mothers (OR=4.52, p<0.05), employed mothers (OR=3.46, p<0.05), mothers underwent normal delivery (OR=5.20, p<0.05) and mothers who initiated breastfeeding within 1 hr. (OR=2.79, p=0.05) were less likely to discard colostrum.Conclusion: The current study revealed that colostrum was discarded by 8.8 % of premiparious mothers. Primipara mothers who were married, unemployed, underwent normal delivery and initiated breastfeeding within one hour were less likely to discard colostrum. These results suggest that multi-sectorial and multi-disciplinary approaches are needed to increase optimal breastfeeding among premiparious mothers.

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Screening for Depressive Symptoms among Patients Attending Specialist Medical Outpatient Clinics in a Tertiary Hospital in Southern Nigeria

Psychiatry Journal ◽

10.1155/2018/7603580 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Sandra N. Ofori ◽

Frances N. Adiukwu

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Psychological Stress ◽

Health Centre ◽

Tertiary Hospital ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Outpatient Clinics ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Southern Nigeria ◽

Patients With Diabetes ◽

Associated Risk Factors

This study aimed to determine the prevalence of unrecognized depressive symptoms and its associated risk factors among patients with diabetes and/or hypertension attending medical outpatient clinics of a tertiary health centre in southern Nigeria. A cross-sectional study design was employed to assess 200 randomly selected patients attending the clinics. Questionnaires were administered to obtain sociodemographic and medical history data. The perceived stress scale (PSS) was used to determine the presence of subjective psychological stress and PHQ-9 was used to screen for depression. The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 54.9% with 16.5% categorised as having major depression. After adjusting for confounding variables, age younger than 60 years was associated with less odds of having depressive symptoms (AOR 0.32, 95% CI 0.17, 0.62; p=0.001), while only significant psychological stress increased the odds of having depressive symptoms (AOR 2.78, 95% CI 1.37, 5.64; p=0.005). The prevalence of depression among the study participants is high and has the potential to significantly impact the control of their disease and ultimately contribute to the high cardiovascular risk faced by this population.

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Adquisición de conocimientos en cuidados paliativos mediante un plan de estudios transversal en enfermería

Enfermería Global ◽

10.6018/eglobal.402691 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 19 (3) ◽

pp. 322-344

Author(s):

Antonio Valenzuela Vidal ◽

Ana Folch Ayora ◽

Joan Bou Esteller ◽

Zaira Fernández Yañez ◽

Sebastian Eroles Tena ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Palliative Care ◽

Nursing Students ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

P Value ◽

Future Health ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Care Experience ◽

Compulsory Subject ◽

Academic Year

La implementación de los cuidados paliativos en las universidades ha sido paulatina. Su reciente implantación requiere de su evaluación para la mejora en la formación de nuestros futuros profesionales. Por tanto, el objetivo de este trabajo es valorar el conocimiento en paliativos, en estudiantes de enfermería de la Universidad Jaume I, tras la implementación de un plan de estudios de enseñanza transversal y evaluación mediante una asignatura de carácter obligatorio. Método: Estudio observacional, de corte transversal, durante el curso académico 2017/2018 mediante la escala Palliative Care Quiz for Nursing. Análisis descriptivo, comparativo de las variables cuantitativas y cualitativas global y según aciertos/errores, significación estadística p-value <0,05.Resultados: La muestra de n=155, edad 22,21±6,61 años, con predominio del sexo femenino en el 80% (n=124). La esfera con mayor número de aciertos fue la relacionada con el control de dolor y los síntomas 69,1% y la esfera con más fallos la relacionada con la filosofía y los principios 46,9%. El conocimiento en paliativos viene explicado en un 16% por el curso académico y con la experiencia previa en paliativos. Conclusiones: Mediante nuestros resultados observamos, que la educación en paliativos desarrollada de forma transversal con la culminación de una asignatura obligatoria en cuarto curso, resulta ser efectiva en estudiantes de enfermería, donde el 63% ostentó una buena tasa de aciertos en conocimientos de paliativos. The inclusion of palliative care content in university curricula has been gradual. Due to the recent incorporation of palliative care as a subject, an evaluation is necessary in order improve the education of our future health professionals. The objective of this study was thus to assess palliative care knowledge in nursing students at Jaume I University after the transversal inclusion of palliative care content throughout the program, culminating in a subject of an obligatory nature. Method: This observational cross-sectional study was undertaken over the 2017/2018 academic year using the Palliative Care Quiz for Nursing. A descriptive and comparative analysis of the quantitative and qualitative global variables was performed with respect to correct/incorrect responses. Statistical significance was set at p <0.05.Results: The sample included 155 participants, with a mean age of 22.21±6.61 years. Females (n=124) were predominant in the sample (80%). The domain which received the highest number of correct responses was related to the control of pain and symptoms (69.1%) and the domain which received the highest number of incorrect responses was related to philosophy and principles (46.9%). Academic year and prior palliative care experience explained 16% of the variance in knowledge. Conclusions: Through our results, we observed that palliative care education, implemented in a transversal manner and with the completion of compulsory subject in the fourth year, was effective in nursing students, with 63% achieving good scores with respect to palliative care knowledge.

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High Prevalence of Poststroke Depression in Ischemic Stroke Patients in Ethiopia

Neurology Research International ◽

10.1155/2020/8834299 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Fikru Tsehayneh ◽

Abenet Tafesse

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Significant Proportion ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Screening Tools ◽

Limited Information ◽

Poststroke Depression ◽

Stroke Patients ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Patient Health

Background. There is limited information and research carried out regarding the prevalence of poststroke depression (PSD) in the study area. Psychiatric disorders complicate a significant proportion of patients suffering from stroke. This of course have a great negative impact on our knowledge about poststroke depression in Ethiopia, and poststroke depression complicates a significant number of stroke patients and their rehabilitation. Methods. A cross-sectional study on all patients aged above 18 years and diagnosed with stroke in the past two years who attended the neurology follow-up clinics of Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital (TASH) and Zewditu Memorial Hospital (ZMH) was done by using a structured questionnaire containing Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) depression screening tool. Result. Of 84 patients who were eligible for the study, 32.2% of patients have depressive symptoms. Women (OR 0.001, 95% CI 0.12–0.87) and aphasic patients (OR 0.034, 95% CI 0.19–1.27) were more likely to have depressive symptoms. Conclusion. Depressive symptoms after stroke are common in Ethiopian patients. Our study demonstrates female and aphasic patients are more likely to screen positive for PSD. Hence, screening all poststroke patients with different screening tools is practical, and further studies are needed to assess the validity of these screening tools and also to assess PSD as a predictor of stroke outcome.

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Factors Associated with Depression among Heart Failure Patients at Cardiac Follow-Up Clinics in Northwest Ethiopia, 2017: A Cross-Sectional Study

Psychiatry Journal ◽

10.1155/2019/6892623 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Kassahun Gebeyehu Yazew ◽

Debrework Tesgera Beshah ◽

Mohammed Hassen Salih ◽

Tadele Amare Zeleke

Keyword(s):

Heart Failure ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Northwest Ethiopia ◽

P Value ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Heart Failure Patients ◽

Referral Hospitals ◽

Poor Social Support

Background. Depression is a comorbid disorder in patients with heart failure and it is a major public health problem worldwide. Little is known about the depression among heart failure patients in low-income countries, while, in Ethiopia, none was studied. Objective. This study is to assess the prevalence of depression and associated factors among heart failure patients at cardiac follow-up clinics at Amhara Region Referral Hospitals, Northwest Ethiopia, 2017. Methods. A hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted between March 30, 2017, and May 15, 2017, G.C., by using a systematic random sampling technique to select 422 of 1395 HF patients. Structured interviewer-administered questionnaires and patient card review with a checklist that incorporates the PHQ-9 tool for depression measurement were used. The collected data were checked, coded, and entered into Epi-info version 7 and exported to SPSS version 20. Bivariate logistic regression at p-value <0.2 was exported to multivariate logistic regressions and p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results. A total of 403 were included with a response rate of 95.5%. Among the participants, 51.1% had depressive symptoms. Factors associated with depressive symptoms were poor self-care behavior 1.60 [AOR (95% CI=1.01, 2.55)], poor social support 1.90 [AOR (95% CI=1.16, 3.12)], being female 2.70 [AOR (95% CI=1.44, 5.07)], current smoking history 4.96 [AOR (95% CI=1.54, 15.98)], and duration of heart failure (>1 year) 1.64 [AOR (95% CI=1.04, 2.59)]. Conclusions. Around half of the patients were depressive. The patients who had poor self-care behavior, were females, had poor social support, had a current history of smoking, and had duration of chronic heart failure >1 year need special attention. Therefore, all referral hospitals need efforts to focus on those problems and target improvements of depressive symptoms.

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