Correlation of Knowledge and Beliefs to Adherence with Antibiotic Use in Adult Patients at a Private Hospital in Sidoarjo

Infectious diseases are one of the top ten causes of death in the world. Antibiotic therapy is administered for infectious diseases, but if bacteria are exposed to antibiotics continuously, then the bacteria are able to adapt to the medication, thereby resulting in antibiotic resistance. This condition results in an increase in mortality, long hospitalization period, and increased cost of antibiotic therapy and health services. Adherence to using antibiotics may be influenced by knowledge and beliefs about them. This study aimed to understand correlation between knowledge and belief with adherence to antibiotic use at a private hospital in Sidoarjo. This cross-sectional study, the data collected in three months period, was conducted with a questionnaire for assessment knowledge and belief. A pill count method was applied for assessment adherence to using antibiotics prescribed by doctors. The study results show that knowledge of the respondents was adequate for 76 people (69.7%), belief was adequate for 74 people (67.9%), and adherence to antibiotic use for 79 people (72%). Regression analysis showed that the variable that significantly influenced the adherence of patients in using antibiotics was perceived threat (p-value = 0,029). Sex, age, education, income, occupation, and marital status have no contribution to antibiotic knowledge, belief, and adherence.

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ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME;

The Professional Medical Journal ◽

10.29309/tpmj/2017.24.03.1544 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 24 (03) ◽

pp. 409-413

Author(s):

Naveed Aslam Lashari ◽

Nadia Irum Lakho ◽

Sarfaraz Ahmed Memon ◽

Ayaz Ahmed ◽

Muhammad Fahad Waseem

Keyword(s):

Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽

Chest Pain ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

P Value ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Coronary Syndrome ◽

Study Results ◽

Artery Obstruction ◽

Conventional Risk Factors ◽

Typical Chest Pain

Introduction: ACS is defined as the cluster of symptoms arising due to the rapiddrop of blood flow to the heart because of coronary artery obstruction. It is stated that worldwidearound 17 million people die due to cardiovascular diseases of which half of the deaths arereported due to ACS. Chest pain is known to be the most leading factor associated with ACS.Objectives: To determine the frequency of acute coronary syndrome, its types and commoncontributing factors in patients presenting with typical chest pain in a secondary care hospital.Study Design: Cross sectional study. Setting: Medical Unit, PAF Hospital Mushaf Sargodha.Period: October 2013 to March 2014. Methodology: A total of 280 patients of either gender,aged 20 to 80 years presented with typical chest pain with or without conventional risk factorswere included in the study. Results: Majority (68.9%) was males and 31.1% were female. Acutecoronary syndrome was observed in 131(46.8%) patients. Out of these 131 patients, 55% hadNSTEMI, 28.2% had unstable angina and 16.8% had STEMI. A higher proportion of femaleswere found to have ACS as compared to males (75.9% vs 33.7%, P-value<0.0001). Out of131 patients, 40.5% were diabetic, 29.8% were hypertensive 16% were hyperlipidemic, while13.7% were smokers. Conventional risk factors except smoking were observed more in femalesas compared to males. Conclusion: Majority of patients with acute coronary syndrome werefemales and diabetic. NSTEMI was the most common type of ACS. Prevalence of conventionalrisk factors was found more in females with ACS.

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Assessment Of Depression Among The Dentists Of Karachi By Using AKUAD Scale

Journal of Bahria University Medical and Dental College ◽

10.51985/jbumdc2019019 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 09 (03) ◽

pp. 183-187

Author(s):

Kiran Fatima Mehboob Ali Bana ◽

◽

Zubair Ahmed Abbassi ◽

Samina Saleem

Keyword(s):

Private Sector ◽

Study Design ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

P Value ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Validated Questionnaire ◽

Study Results ◽

Professional Field

Objective: To assess the anxiety and depression among the dentists of Karachi by using AKUADS. Study Design and Setting: It was a cross sectional study design conducted in Karachi. Methodology: The calculated sample size was 293.The data was collected over a period of 3 months with the help of validated Questionnaire of Aga Khan University Anxiety and Depression Scale (AKUADS). Informed consent was taken and rationale was explained to all the participants before commencement of this study. Results: Our study focused on sample of 234. The response rate was 79.8%. The anxiety and depression was prevalent in 67.9% of dentists from Karachi. Males and unmarried/single dentists were more depressed than females and married dentists. The 24-30 years of dentists having more than five years of professional experience and were working more than 40 hours per week were found to be more depressed n=82 (72.56%) than the dentists who worked less than forty hours per week; n=77 (63.6%) and calculated P value was 0.093. When analyzing the association between anxiety and depression and working sector; dentists who worked in private sector (n=81) 71.05% were found to be more depressed than the dentists worked in Public sector and the calculated P-value was 0.197. Conclusion: The study rendered substantial data about unexpectedly high prevalence of anxiety and depression among the sample of dentists from Karachi. It was inferred from the study that experience in professional field, age of dentists, more than 40 hours working per week and working in private sector have been associated with anxiety and depression among the dentists of Karachi.

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Incidence of post operative surgical site infection in thyroid surgery following single dose of prophylactic antibiotic

Bangladesh Journal of Otorhinolaryngology ◽

10.3329/bjo.v22i1.45073 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

pp. 15-20

Author(s):

Md Abul Hossan ◽

Md Ariful Islam ◽

Tapas Chakraborty ◽

Firoz Ahmed Khan ◽

Md Mozharul Islam

Keyword(s):

Antibiotic Therapy ◽

Surgical Site Infection ◽

Thyroid Surgery ◽

Prophylactic Antibiotic ◽

Surgical Site Infections ◽

Antibiotic Use ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Empirical Antibiotic Therapy ◽

Site Infection ◽

Cross Sectional

Surgical site infection after thyroid surgery is a less common incidence. Prophylactic antibiotic before surgery and empirical antibiotic therapy after surgery is a common practice in our country. But international guidelines do not suggest antibiotic in clean surgical procedure. Aim: To compare the incidence of surgical site infection after thyroid surgery with and without empirical antibiotic therapy. Method: It was a cross sectional study, done from July 2010 to December 2010 in 3 medical college hospitals in Dhaka city. Total 100 cases were included in this study, 50 cases for study in which only single prophylactic antibiotic used half an hour before operation, 50 cases for control in which 7 days antibiotic used per orally in addition to prophylaxis. Result: Among 100 cases male were 24 & female 76 (M: F= 1:3.2). Oldest patient was 56 yrs & youngest 21yrs. 47% patient operated for solitary thyroid nodule, 35% multinodular goiter & only 6% diffuse goiter. 47% patient was done hemithyroidectomy & only 7% total thyroidectomy. All the operations were completed within 2 hours where 40% within one hour. No surgical site infections were found in both study and control cases. Conclusion: There is no statistical difference between routine antibiotic use and no use of antibiotic after thyroid surgery. Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol; April 2016; 22(1): 15-20

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The Correlation Between Knowledge With Community Behavior In Antibiotic Use In Kelurahan Petukangan Utara With Home Pharmacy Care

SANITAS : Jurnal Teknologi dan Seni Kesehatan ◽

10.36525/sanitas.2019.14 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 136-147

Author(s):

Adin Hakim Kurniawan ◽

Wardiyah Wardiyah ◽

Yuri Tadashi

Keyword(s):

Antibiotic Use ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Antibiotics Resistance ◽

P Value ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Community Behavior ◽

Antibiotics Use ◽

Cluster Random Sampling

Uncontrolled antibiotics use can induce antibiotics resistance cases. The community believe that antibiotics can cure all disease. Because of that Pharmacist is needed home pharmacy care related by antibiotics use knowledge to justify people's misconceptions. The main purpose of this research to analysis relationship between knowledge of behavior using antibiotics in Kelurahan Petukangan Utara with home pharmacy care. This research is non-experimental with a cross sectional study design. The sample used in this research was the community of Kelurahan Petukangan Utara with cluster random sampling metode is 101 responden by questionnaires. The data analysis used chi-square statistic test. The results showed that there were categories of antibiotic knowledge (55.4%) and antibiotic Behavior (53.5%). There is a significant relationship between knowledge with community behavior antibiotics use with p-value=0.015; OR: 4.979 in Kelurahan Petukangan Utara

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MATERNAL WEIGHT;

The Professional Medical Journal ◽

10.29309/tpmj/2017.24.02.505 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 24 (02) ◽

pp. 263-266

Author(s):

Sana Zahiruddin ◽

Pushpa Chetan Malhi ◽

Nigar Jabeen ◽

Raheela Baloch

Keyword(s):

Cesarean Delivery ◽

Maternal Obesity ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Vaginal Birth ◽

University Hospital ◽

P Value ◽

Maternal Weight ◽

Vaginal Birth After Cesarean ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Study Results

Impact of maternal weight on success of VBAC. Introduction: WorldwideCesarean section is the commonest obstetrical procedure to be performed and same situationis in Pakistan. One strategy is to offer vaginal birth after cesarean section to reduce the alarmingcesarean rate. Many factors have been Identified which can affect success of trial of labor.Maternal weight has an important relation with the reproductive health of women, as obesityduring pregnancy is associated with increased maternal and fetal risk. Maternal obesity hasbeen shown to be associated with increased rates of primary cesarean delivery and failed trialof vaginal birth after cesarean delivery. Objectives: To determine the effect of maternal weighton success of VBAC. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Period: May 2012 to October 2013.Setting: Liaquat university hospital, Hyderabad. Material and Methods: a total of 96 womenwhich fulfilled the selection criteria were included in the study. Results: The women included inthe study had a mean age of SD (range), 29.94+ 4.41 (20-40 years) successful vaginal birthswas observed in 57(59.4%) women and 39(40.6%) had an emergency repeat cesarean delivery.Body mass index was noted among all the women, 23(24.0%) were obese and 73 (76.0%)were non-obese. Out of 23(24.0), 7(30.4%) had successful VBAC and 16(69.6%) women hadsuccessful trial of labor and 23(31.5%) delivered by repeat Caesarean delivery. (P.0.002) P value= 0.001 is statistically significant and calculated by Fisher’s exact X2 test. Conclusions: Obesityis associated with decreased chances of successful VBAC, making it a risky option for obesewomen.

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Depressive Symptoms among Patients with Diabetes in Qatar: Frequency and Potential Determinants

Healthcare ◽

10.3390/healthcare9030302 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 302

Author(s):

Hiba Bawadi ◽

Alanood Al-Shahwani ◽

Dana Arafeh ◽

Daniah Al-Asmar ◽

Joyce Moawad ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Sociodemographic Factors ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

P Value ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Level Of Education ◽

Study Results ◽

Patients With Diabetes ◽

Patient Health

Background: Diabetes is a highly prevalent chronic disease that is associated with major complications. Findings regarding risk of depression among patients with diabetes are controversial. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and determinants of depressive symptoms among Qatari patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods: This cross-sectional study was based on Qatar Biobank (QBB) data of 2448 Qatari adults with diabetes aged 21–60 years old. Data regarding age, gender, education, income, body mass index (BMI), medication use, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were retrieved. Patients’ responses to the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) were also obtained. Data analyses was performed using STATA 16, and statistical significance was considered at a p-value of <0.05. Results: Of the 2448 participants, 15.4% (n = 378) had self-reported depressive symptoms. Depressive symptoms were frequent among females (69.6%), smokers (15.9%), and participants with a higher level of education (47.1%). Average age of participants who reported depressive symptoms was significantly less that among participants without depressive symptoms (44.8 vs. 52.9 years). Qatari women with diabetes seem to be at higher risk of depression when compared to men (OR = 1.819, 95% CI: 1.42–2.33); The odds of reporting depressive symptoms were 35% higher among patients with more advanced educational qualifications (OR = 1.351, 95% CI: 1.00, 1.82). Smokers were twice as likely to report depressive symptoms as their non-smoking counterparts. There was no significant relationship between depression and poor glycemic control, physical activity, BMI, or insulin use. Conclusions: In summary, the study results suggest that several sociodemographic factors, such as age, gender, and level of education were associated with the risk of depressive symptoms among Qataris with diabetes.

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Nutritional Status of One to Five Year Old Children in Rural Haryana: A Community Based Study

JOURNAL FOR CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH ◽

10.7860/jcdr/2020/45635.14045 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Narottam Samdarshi ◽

Amrit Virk ◽

Parmal Saini ◽

Vikrant Prabhakar

Keyword(s):

Nutritional Status ◽

Composite Index ◽

Premature Mortality ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

P Value ◽

Community Based ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Failure Group ◽

Under Nutrition ◽

Study Results

Introduction: Under-nutrition remains one of the major causes of morbidity and premature mortality among one to five-year-old children in India. WHO recommended indicators used in the past for assessment of under-nutrition are overlapping and do not provide a comprehensive estimate of the under-nourished in the community. Aim: To assess prevalence of under-nutrition among one to five-year-old children of rural Haryana, using conventional indices and Composite Index of Anthropometric Failure (CIAF) and compare the estimated results. Materials and Methods: A community based cross sectional study was conducted on 1032 children, one to five-year-old (477 boys; 555 girls), in rural field practice area of Department of Community Medicine, AMCH, Shahabad (M), Haryana from January to December 2019. House to house visits were conducted to collect information from the child’s mother/primary caregiver using a semi-structured questionnaire followed by anthropometric assessment of the children. The WHO recommended conventional indicators of under-nutrition (stunting, wasting and underweight) as well as the CIAF were used to evaluate the nutritional status of the children following standard procedures. Z-scores were computed separately for boys and girls. Categorical data was presented as percentages (%) and Pearson’s Chi-square test was used to evaluate differences between groups for categorised variables. The p-value <0.05 was considered significant. Results: Our study results revealed 21.5% children as underweight, 30.2% children as stunted and 8.9% children as wasted according to WHO recommended indices. The prevalence of under-nutrition in studied children according to CIAF was found to be 43.7%. Of the studied children, 56.3% of children reported no failure (Group A), 4.1% reported wasting only (Group B), 2.3% reported wasting and underweight (Group C), (4.2%) reported wasting, stunting and underweight (Group D), 7.6% reported stunting and underweight (Group E), 18.4% reported stunting only (Group F) while 7.1% reported underweight only (Group Y). Conclusion: CIAF may be a better indicator of nutritional status in one to five-year-old children. The apparent advantage lies in the fact that it reveals a comprehensive picture of the severity of the actual burden of under-nutrition in a population.

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Depresi Postpartum Berhubungan dengan Motivasi Pemberian Asi Ekslusif Satu Bulan Pertama pada Bayi

Jurnal Keperawatan Silampari ◽

10.31539/jks.v4i2.1934 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 663-670

Author(s):

Islamiyah Islamiyah ◽

Umi Rachmawati Wasil Sardjan

Keyword(s):

Postpartum Depression ◽

Study Design ◽

Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Observational Research ◽

P Value ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Study Results ◽

The Relationship

This study aims to determine the relationship between postpartum depression and the motivation of exclusive breastfeeding for the first month of infants. This research is observational research with a cross-sectional study design with a quantitative approach. The study results using the Mann Whitney test, the significance value indicated a p-value of 0.000. In conclusion, there is a relationship between postpartum depression and mothers' motivation in exclusive breastfeeding in the first month. Keywords: Exclusive Breastfeeding, Postpartum Depression, Breastfeeding, Motivation

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Frequency and Location of Supernumerary Teeth in a Private Hospital of Karachi City

Journal of Bahria University Medical and Dental College ◽

10.51985/jbumdc2020008 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (02) ◽

pp. 133-136

Author(s):

Syed Ahmed Omer ◽

Seema Nisar ◽

Perveen Memon ◽

Hamidullah Arif ◽

Raza Ali ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Private Hospital ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

P Value ◽

Supernumerary Teeth ◽

Supernumerary Tooth ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Location Study

Objective: To investigate frequency of supernumerary tooth in relation to gender, age and location. Study Design and Setting: Cross-sectional Study was conducted at Mamji Hospital, Karachi from June 2017 to June 2019. Methodology: A total of 2160 patients seen and out of which 45 clinically diagnosed patients of supernumerary teeth were participated in this study. Supernumerary teeth were classified on the basis of location. Descriptive statistics were checked by means of percentages and frequency of all variables. Chi-Square test was applied, P-value < 0.05was considered significant. Results: The total patients were 45 which comprised of 26 male and 19 females with ages ranging from 15 to 60 years. The prevalence of ST was 1.59%, the higher predilection of supernumerary teeth was seen in males than females. The male to female’s ratio was 1.36:1. On the basis of location ST were further classified on Mesiodens, Paramolars and Distomolars category. Of the 45 supernumerary teeth, 36 were had Mesiodens (m= 62.1%, f=37.8%), 5 were Paramolars (m=60%, f=40%) and 3 were Distomolars (m=0, f= 100%). Conclusion: The present study findings showed high prevalence of ST was dominant in males. Present study emphasizes the timely diagnosis and appropriate management of supernumerary teeth to avoid unwanted complications

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Determinants of hypertension among urban adult population in Kancheepuram district of Tamil Nadu

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20171762 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (5) ◽

pp. 1552

Author(s):

Gopalakrishnan S. ◽

Rama R. ◽

Savitha A. K.

Keyword(s):

Tamil Nadu ◽

Adult Population ◽

Simple Random Sampling ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

P Value ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Male Predominance ◽

Study Results ◽

History Of ◽

Strength Of Association

Background: Hypertension affects approximately 1 billion people worldwide and around 7.1 million deaths per year (13% of the total) may be attributable to it. In India, the overall prevalence of raised blood pressure among adults aged 18 years and above was estimated to be 25.9% among males and 24.8% among females. Keeping in mind the growing burden of NCDs like hypertension, this study was conducted with the objective to estimate the prevalence of hypertension and its associated determinants so as to understand the gravity of the problem and to plan possible corrective measures.Methods: This community based cross sectional study was done among adult population in an urban area in Kancheepuram district using a sample size of 1634 calculated based on the prevalence of a previous study. Probability Proportion to Size and simple random sampling method was used. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data and data analysis was carried out using SPSS version 15 by calculating appropriate percentages and strength of association of variables.Results: This study results shows that the prevalence of pre – hypertension was 51.3% (males 54.2% and females 48.5%). Overall prevalence of stage I hypertension was 17.2% (males 20.2% and females 14.4%), stage II hypertension was 5.2% (males 6.3% and females 4.2%). A statistical significant association was found between hypertension and its associated determinants such as increasing age, gender (male predominance), history of diabetes mellitus and overweight/obesity (P value <0.05).Conclusions: This study outcome shows that the prevalence of pre-hypertension and hypertension is high among the adult population. For non-communicable diseases like hypertension every level of preventive care plays a major role to bring about a healthy behaviour and lifestyle change among the population which in turn will help in reducing the morbidity and mortality due to cardiovascular diseases.

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