scholarly journals Associations of Exposure to Air Pollution with Insulin Resistance: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 2593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiajia Dang ◽  
Mengtong Yang ◽  
Xinge Zhang ◽  
Haotian Ruan ◽  
Guiyu Qin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
English Language ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Percentage Change ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Aerodynamic Diameter

In this article, we review the available evidence and explore the association between air pollution and insulin resistance (IR) using meta-analytic techniques. Cohort studies published before January 2018 were selected through English-language literature searches in nine databases. Six cohort studies were included in our sample, which assessed air pollutants including PM2.5 (particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to 2.5 μm), NO2(nitrogen dioxide), and PM10 (particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than 10 μm). Percentage change in insulin or insulin resistance associated with air pollutants with corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to evaluate the risk. A pooled effect (percentage change) was observed, with a 1 μg/m3 increase in NO2 associated with a significant 1.25% change (95% CI: 0.67, 1.84; I2 = 0.00%, p = 0.07) in the Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) and a 0.60% change (95% CI: 0.17, 1.03; I2 = 30.94%, p = 0.27) in insulin. Similar to the analysis of NO2, a 1 μg/m3 increase in PM10 was associated with a significant 2.77% change (95% CI: 0.67, 4.87; I2 = 94.98%, p < 0.0001) in HOMA-IR and a 2.75% change in insulin (95% CI: 0.45, 5.04; I2 = 58.66%, p = 0.057). No significant associations were found between PM2.5 and insulin resistance biomarkers. We conclude that increased exposure to air pollution can lead to insulin resistance, further leading to diabetes and cardiometabolic diseases. Clinicians should consider the environmental exposure of patients when making screening and treatment decisions for them.

scholarly journals Association between exposure to ambient air pollution and hospital admission, incidence, and mortality of stroke: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of more than 23 million participants

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiping Niu ◽  
Feifei Liu ◽  
Hongmei Yu ◽  
Shaotang Wu ◽  
Hao Xiang
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Hospital Admission ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Pollutant Concentration ◽  
Aerodynamic Diameter ◽  
Stroke Incidence ◽  
Incidence And Mortality

Abstract Background Previous studies have suggested that exposure to air pollution may increase stroke risk, but the results remain inconsistent. Evidence of more recent studies is highly warranted, especially gas air pollutants. Methods We searched PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science to identify studies till February 2020 and conducted a meta-analysis on the association between air pollution (PM2.5, particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 μm; PM10, particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter less than 10 μm; NO2, nitrogen dioxide; SO2, sulfur dioxide; CO, carbon monoxide; O3, ozone) and stroke (hospital admission, incidence, and mortality). Fixed- or random-effects model was used to calculate pooled odds ratios (OR)/hazard ratio (HR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) for a 10 μg/m3 increase in air pollutant concentration. Results A total of 68 studies conducted from more than 23 million participants were included in our meta-analysis. Meta-analyses showed significant associations of all six air pollutants and stroke hospital admission (e.g., PM2.5: OR = 1.008 (95% CI 1.005, 1.011); NO2: OR = 1.023 (95% CI 1.015, 1.030), per 10 μg/m3 increases in air pollutant concentration). Exposure to PM2.5, SO2, and NO2 was associated with increased risks of stroke incidence (PM2.5: HR = 1.048 (95% CI 1.020, 1.076); SO2: HR = 1.002 (95% CI 1.000, 1.003); NO2: HR = 1.002 (95% CI 1.000, 1.003), respectively). However, no significant differences were found in associations of PM10, CO, O3, and stroke incidence. Except for CO and O3, we found that higher level of air pollution (PM2.5, PM10, SO2, and NO2) exposure was associated with higher stroke mortality (e.g., PM10: OR = 1.006 (95% CI 1.003, 1.010), SO2: OR = 1.006 (95% CI 1.005, 1.008). Conclusions Exposure to air pollution was positively associated with an increased risk of stroke hospital admission (PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, CO, and O3), incidence (PM2.5, SO2, and NO2), and mortality (PM2.5, PM10, SO2, and NO2). Our study would provide a more comprehensive evidence of air pollution and stroke, especially SO2 and NO2.

scholarly journals Air Pollution Is Associated with Poor Cognitive Function in Taiwanese Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 316
Author(s):  
Meng-Chieh Chen ◽  
Chen-Feng Wang ◽  
Bo-Cheng Lai ◽  
Sun-Wung Hsieh ◽  
Szu-Chia Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Aerodynamic Diameter ◽  
High Nitrogen

The issue of air pollution is gaining increasing attention worldwide, and mounting evidence has shown an association between air pollution and cognitive decline. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between air pollutants and cognitive impairment using the Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE) and its sub-domains. In this study, we used data from the Taiwan Biobank combined with detailed daily data on air pollution. Cognitive function was assessed using the MMSE and its five subgroups of cognitive functioning. After multivariable linear regression analysis, a high level of particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of ≤2.5 μm (PM2.5), low ozone (O3), high carbon monoxide (CO), high sulfur dioxide (SO2), high nitric oxide (NO), high nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and high nitrogen oxide (NOx) were significantly associated with low total MMSE scores. Further, high SO2 and low O3 were significantly associated with low MMSE G1 scores. Low O3, high CO, high SO2, high NO2, and high NOx were significantly associated with low MMSE G4 scores, and high PM2.5, high particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of ≤10 μm (PM10), high SO2, high NO2, and high NOx were significantly associated with low MMSE G5 scores. Our results showed that exposure to different air pollutants may lead to general cognitive decline and impairment of specific domains of cognitive functioning, and O3 may be a protective factor. These findings may be helpful in the development of policies regarding the regulation of air pollution.

scholarly journals The Long-Term Effect of Exposure to Particulate Matter Air Pollution on the Incidence of Myocardial Infarction: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoud Khosravipour ◽  
Roya Safari-Faramani ◽  
Fatemeh Rajati ◽  
Fariborz Omidi
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Subgroup Analysis ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Aerodynamic Diameter ◽  
Long Term Effect ◽  
Inverse Variance ◽  
Long Term Impact

Abstract This study systematically reviews the long-term impact of exposure to particulate matter (PM) air pollution with aerodynamic diameter ≤ 10 µm on the incidence of myocardial infarction (MI). The relevant databases were searched with appropriate keywords on February 29, 2020. A random-effects model through a generic inverse-variance method was used to calculate the pooled hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of MI. The number of 17 cohort studies with more than 18 million participants and 800,000 cases of MI were included. A significantly higher risk of MI was observed per 1 µg/m3 increment of PM with aerodynamic diameter ≤ 10 µm (HR= 1.02,95 % CI = 1.01, 1.03). Subgroup analysis according to the study population indicates subjects with cardiovascular diseases history had a significantly greater risk of MI per 1 µg/m3 increase in PM with aerodynamic diameter ≤ 10 µm level (HR= 1.05,95% CI= 1.01, 1.08). Subgroup analysis according to aerodynamic diameter of PM showed only a significant stronger risk of MI per 1 µg/m3 increase in PM with aerodynamic diameter < 2.5 µm (HR= 1.01,95% CI= 1.00, 1.02). The pooled result confirms a significant association between the long-term exposure to PM air pollution and the developing of MI.

scholarly journals Effects of probiotic and synbiotic supplementation on insulin resistance in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (7) ◽  
pp. 030006052110317
Author(s):  
Chenyun Miao ◽  
Qingge Guo ◽  
Xiaojie Fang ◽  
Yun Chen ◽  
Ying Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Synbiotic Supplementation

Objective This meta-analysis evaluated the effect of probiotics and synbiotics on insulin resistance in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Methods A systematic search was performed to identify all relevant publications listed on the electronic databases (PubMed®, Web of Science, Embase® and China National Knowledge Infrastructure) between inception and 30 October 2020. All statistical analyses were performed on randomized controlled trials (RCTs) using RevMan version 5.3 software provided by the Cochrane Collaboration. Results A total of 486 patients from seven RCTs were included in the meta-analysis. Probiotic and synbiotic supplementation appeared to improve levels of homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (mean difference = –0.37; 95% confidence interval –0.69, –0.05) and serum insulin (standardized mean difference = –0.66; 95% confidence interval –1.19, –0.12). The results failed to show any influence of probiotic and synbiotic supplementation on body mass index, waist circumference, hip circumference and fasting blood sugar. Conclusions Probiotics and synbiotics appear to have a partially beneficial effect on indices of insulin resistance in patients with PCOS.

scholarly journals ON THE RELATIONSHIP OF ANTHROPOGENIC AIR POLLUTION BY PARTICULATE MATTER WITH CANCER RISK

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (3) ◽  
pp. 298-302
Author(s):  
Alla F. Kolpakova
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Preventive Measure ◽  
Premature Mortality ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Transitional Metals

In the review the author highlights contemporary concepts about the relation between the air pollution by the particulate matter (PM) and human morbidity and mortality due to oncological diseases (OD). The author used materials of the articles indexed in the PubMed and RISC databases. The role of air pollution by PM as a risk factor of carcinogenesis in dependence on size, origin, chemical composition and concentration in air is discussed. PM of road-transport origin contains transitional metals acknowledged as most dangerous and is the result the operational wear of motor transport, road surface, and vehicle emissions. Long-term exposure to PM with an aerodynamic diameter ≤2.5 increases risk of appearance of OD of different localization. Dose-dependent action of PM was established. Reduction in air pollution by PM is accompanied by decrease of premature mortality of population, including from OD, and it can be examined as a modifiable risk factor. The results of the meta-analysis of literature data about the economic damage, caused by morbidity and mortality from OD led to the conclusion that reduction in PM concentration is the most realistic and effective method to decrease these social and economic losses. The accumulated carcinogenic risk provides for the lifelong probability of the development of OD, which requires the active medical examination of workers after the curtailment of work with carcinogens for early diagnostics and treatment of OD. The important preventive measure is to decrease the level of air pollution independently on their initial concentration.

scholarly journals STUDY OF IMPACT OF AIR POLLUTION ON PLANTS BY ESTIMATION OF APTI OF CERTAIN TREES IN KATRAJ AREA IN PUNE CITY

2020 ◽  
pp. 39-43
Author(s):  
Erum F H Kazi ◽  
Dr. Satish Kulkarni
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Relative Water Content ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Mango Tree ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Leaf Relative Water Content

Air pollution is one of major concerns in Pune City currently. Study highlights increase in Particulate matter from Vehicular sources & Urbanization in Karaj area is having harmful impact on the trees in the area. Leaf of Plant species such as Peepal( Ficusreligiosa),, Tamarind(Tamarindusindica), Rain tree( Samaneasaman), Ashoka( Saracaasoca), Manago( Mangiferaindica), Almond( Terminaliacatappa) , Banyan tree(Ficusbenghalensis) were selected and it was found that Ashoka( Saracaasoca), Mango tree( Mangiferaindica) showed Intermediate APTI whereas Peepal, Tamarind, Rain tree, Almond, Banyan tree were found to be Sensitive to pollution. KEYWORDS: Air Pollutants, APTI of plants, Total Chlorophyll, Ascorbic acid, p H of leaf, Relative water Content ( RWC)

scholarly journals Associations of Ambient Air Pollutants and Meteorological Factors With COVID-19 Transmission in 31 Chinese Provinces: A Time Series Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 004695802110602
Author(s):  
Han Cao ◽  
Bingxiao Li ◽  
Tianlun Gu ◽  
Xiaohui Liu ◽  
Kai Meng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Wind Velocity ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Meteorological Factors ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Pollutant Concentrations ◽  
Air Pollutant Concentrations

Evidence regarding the effects of environmental factors on COVID-19 transmission is mixed. We aimed to explore the associations of air pollutants and meteorological factors with COVID-19 confirmed cases during the outbreak period throughout China. The number of COVID-19 confirmed cases, air pollutant concentrations, and meteorological factors in China from January 25 to February 29, 2020, (36 days) were extracted from authoritative electronic databases. The associations were estimated for a single-day lag as well as moving averages lag using generalized additive mixed models. Region-specific analyses and meta-analysis were conducted in 5 selected regions from the north to south of China with diverse air pollution levels and weather conditions and sufficient sample size. Nonlinear concentration–response analyses were performed. An increase of each interquartile range in PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, O3, and CO at lag4 corresponded to 1.40 (1.37–1.43), 1.35 (1.32–1.37), 1.01 (1.00–1.02), 1.08 (1.07–1.10), 1.28 (1.27–1.29), and 1.26 (1.24–1.28) ORs of daily new cases, respectively. For 1°C, 1%, and 1 m/s increase in temperature, relative humidity, and wind velocity, the ORs were 0.97 (0.97–0.98), 0.96 (0.96–0.97), and 0.94 (0.92–0.95), respectively. The estimates of PM2.5, PM10, NO2, and all meteorological factors remained significantly after meta-analysis for the five selected regions. The concentration–response relationships showed that higher concentrations of air pollutants and lower meteorological factors were associated with daily new cases increasing. Higher air pollutant concentrations and lower temperature, relative humidity and wind velocity may favor COVID-19 transmission. Controlling ambient air pollution, especially for PM2.5, PM10, NO2, may be an important component of reducing risk of COVID-19 infection. In addition, as winter months are arriving in China, the meteorological factors may play a negative role in prevention. Therefore, it is significant to implement the public health control measures persistently in case another possible pandemic.

scholarly journals Air Pollution and Human Sperm Sex Ratio

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 907-912 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michał Radwan ◽  
Emila Dziewirska ◽  
Paweł Radwan ◽  
Lucjusz Jakubowski ◽  
Wojciech Hanke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Human Sperm ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Aerodynamic Diameter ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Air Quality Data

The present study was designed to address the hypothesis that exposure to specific air pollutants may impact human sperm Y:X chromosome ratio. The study population consisted of 195 men who were attending an infertility clinic for diagnostic purposes and who had normal semen concentration of 15–300 mln/ml (WHO, 2010). Participants represented a subset of men in a multicenter parent study conducted in Poland to evaluate environmental factors and male fertility. Participants were interviewed and provided a semen sample. The Y:X ratio was assessed by fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH). Air quality data were obtained from the AirBase database. In multivariate analysis the significant reduction was observed in the proportion of Y/X chromosome bearing sperm and exposure to particulate matter >10 μm in aerodynamic diameter PM10 ( p = .009) and particulate matter <10 μm in aerodynamic diameter PM2.5 ( p = .023). The observed effects of a lower Y:X sperm chromosome ratio among men exposed to air pollution support the evidence that the trend of declining sex ratio in several societies over past decades has been due to exposure to air pollution; however due to limited data on this issue, the obtained results should be confirmed in longitudinal studies.

scholarly journals Association of Helicobacter pylori Infection with the Risk of Metabolic Syndrome and Insulin Resistance: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mobin Azami ◽  
Hamid Reza Baradaran ◽  
Parisa Kohnepoushi ◽  
Lotfolah Saed ◽  
Asra Moradkhani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
H Pylori

Abstract Background Conflicting results of recent studies on the association between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and the risk of insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome explored the need for updated meta-analysis on this issue. Therefore, this systematic review aimed to estimate the pooled effect of H. pylori infection on the risk of insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome. Methods To identify case-control studies and cohort studies evaluating the association of H. pylori infection with insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome, a comprehensive literature search was performed from international databases including Medline (PubMed), Web of Sciences, Scopus, EMBASE, and CINHAL from January 1990 until January 2021. We used odds ratio with its 95% confidence interval (95%CI) to quantify the effect of case-control studies and risk ratio with its 95%CI for the effect of cohort studies. Results 22 studies with 206911 participants were included for meta-analysis. The pooled estimate of odds ratio between H. pylori infection and metabolic syndrome in case-control studies was 1.19 (95%CI: 1.05, 1.35; I2 = 0%), and in cohort studies, the pooled risk ratio was 1.31 (95%CI: 1.13, 1.51; I2 = 0%). Besides, case-control studies showed the pooled odds ratio of 1.54 (95%CI: 1.19, 1.98; I2 = 6.88%) for the association between H. pylori infection and insulin resistance. Conclusion A positive association was found between H. pylori infection and insulin resistance as well as metabolic syndrome, so planning to eliminate or eradicate H. pylori infection could be an effective solution to improve metabolic syndrome or insulin resistance, and vice versa.

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