scholarly journals Peloids as Thermotherapeutic Agents

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1965 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Maraver ◽  
Francisco Armijo ◽  
Miguel Angel Fernandez-Toran ◽  
Onica Armijo ◽  
Jose Manuel Ejeda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid Phase ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Liquid System ◽  
Mineral Waters ◽  
Heat Flow Rate ◽  
Psoriatic Arthropathy ◽  
Reduction Of Pain ◽  
Solid Liquid ◽  
Main Effects

The use of peloids as heat-providing therapeutic systems dates back to antiquity. Such systems consist of a liquid phase and an organic or inorganic solid phase. The latter facilitates the handling, preparation and stability of the solid–liquid system, modifying its organoleptic and phy-sicochemical properties, and improves its efficacy and tolerance. Peloids enable the application of heat to very specific zones and the release of heat at a given rate. The aims of this work are to study 16 reference peloids used in medical spa centers as thermo-therapeutic agents as well as to propose nine raw materials as a solid phase for the preparation of peloids. The physical properties studied are the centesimal composition, the instrumental texture and the thermal parameters. In conclusion, the peloids of the medical spas studied are used as thermotherapeutic agents in the treatment of musculoskeletal disorders, especially in knee osteoarthritis and to a lesser extent in back pain and psoriatic arthropathy. The clinical experience in these centers shows that the main effects of the application of their peloids are the reduction of pain, an increase in the joint’s functional capacity and an improvement in the quality of life. As thermotherapeutic agents, all the peloids of the me-dical spas studied and the pastes (raw materials with distilled water) examined showed a heat flow rate of up to four times lower than that shown by the same amount of water. The raw materials studied can be used as solid phases for the preparation of peloids with mineral waters.

scholarly journals Research of extractors for the extraction of target components from plant materials of various internal structures

2021 ◽  
Vol 273 ◽  
pp. 01031
Author(s):  
Maksim Prosin ◽  
Dmitrii Borodulin ◽  
Elena Safonova ◽  
Yana Golovacheva
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Liquid System ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Internal Structures ◽  
Main Production ◽  
Solid Liquid

Manufacturers prefer berries and fruits, but there are also other products made with seeds, aromatic and medicinal herbs, spices, as well as other components. The main production stage for obtaining tinctures and aromatic alcohols is the extraction process. Currently, a large number of designs of extractors for solid-liquid system of periodic and continuous action have been developed. All of them are different from each other in terms of efficiency, energy consumption and applicability in a particular production. The purpose of this work is to study and analyze the influence of the structure of raw materials on the efficiency of extraction in equipment of various types. To carry out the research, three types of raw materials were selected from various groups: rose hips, penny root and chaga mushrooms. The most suitable and promising extractor designs are the Soxlhet extractor; centrifugal extractor; rotary-pulsating apparatus. The results of the work, it was concluded that the most versatile apparatus is the rotary-pulsating apparatus, since during its operation the raw material is crushed. Plant raw materials give the most complete target components with list time. In devices of similar designs, the different internal structure of raw materials does not affect the quality of the extracts obtained.

scholarly journals Scale-Up of Solid-Liquid Mixing Based on Constant Power/Volume and Equal Blend Time Using VisiMix Simulation

2018 ◽  
Vol 187 ◽  
pp. 04002
Author(s):  
Megawati ◽  
Bayu Triwibowo ◽  
Karwono ◽  
Waliyuddin Sammadikun ◽  
Rofiatun Musfiroh
Keyword(s):  
Solid Phase ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Liquid Mixing ◽  
Liquid Suspension ◽  
Two Parameters ◽  
Solid Liquid ◽  
Tank Geometry ◽  
Impeller Geometry

Mixing is one of the important process in many areas of chemical industries, for instance pharmaceutical, drug, ink, paint and other industries. Solid-liquid suspension is produced for 80% of all mixing industries such as leaching process, crystallization process, catalytic reactions, precipitation, coagulation, dissolution and other applications. Two main objectives in solid-liquid mixing namely, avoid settling of solid particles on the tank bottom and ensure the solid particles are uniformly distributed. Many factors that can affect the quality of solid-liquid mixing, they are tank geometry, impeller geometry and speed, baffles, viscosity and density of media. Scale-up of the process is important to conduct before produce it on commercial scale. Two parameters for scale-up solid-liquid mixing are equal blend time and power per volume. Before scaling up the process to industrial scale, an engineer must know the condition of the mixture between both of two. VisiMix can simulating scale-up of solid-liquid mixing in order to know the phenomena inside the tank without conducting a large number of experiments and cheaper. The simulation start from keep the ratio of impeller to tank diameter remains constant, then change the condition operation of mixing. In this paper, power per volume parameter is more recommended as a result of the degree of uniformity of solid phase in liquid.

scholarly journals Solid-liquid equilibrium in liquid compound fertilizers

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-68
Author(s):  
Kristina Jancaitienė ◽  
Rasa Slinksienė
Keyword(s):  
Crystallization Temperature ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Multicomponent System ◽  
Liquid System ◽  
Insoluble Residue ◽  
Aqueous Salt Solutions ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Solid Liquid

Liquid compound fertilizers (LCF) are aqueous salt solutions which nourish the soil. They contain nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sometimes calcium, magnesium and micronutrients. An LCF solution has practically no insoluble residue and contains the elements in a fully digestible form and is a high-speed, highly effective fertilizer. It is important to assess the equilibrium in the solid-liquid system when creating liquid compound fertilizers, since their basic properties, concentration and crystallization temperature, depend on it. The aim of the study was to determine properties of a liquid multicomponent (K+, NH4 +, Cl- and PO4 3-) system. This liquid multicomponent system, which was obtained as a by-product in the conversion of KCl and NH4H2PO4, can be used as a liquid fertilizer. This work investigates liquid fertilizers? chemical composition and their physicochemical properties, such as crystallization temperature, pH, density, viscosity and corrosivity. In order to increase nitrogen concentration, ammonium nitrate was added. Composition of the solid phase obtained by crystallization was identified by methods of chemical and instrumental analysis (radiography, infrared molecular absorption spectroscopy and optical microscopy). The results show that all properties of liquid fertilizers are best when the concentration of NH4NO3 in liquid solutions equals 8%.

Stochastic model of the flow mechanically stirred solid-liquid system

1980 ◽  
Vol 45 (7) ◽  
pp. 2070-2084 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimír Kudrna ◽  
Václav Machoň ◽  
Vlasta Hudcová
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Equation ◽  
Stochastic Model ◽  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Stationary State ◽  
Flow System ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Liquid System ◽  
Ideal Mixing ◽  
Phase Liquid ◽  
Solid Liquid

An attempt is made to describe by use of the onedimensional stochastic model the flow system solid phase-liquid stirred by the mechanical rotary mixer. At the assumption that the solid phase is dimensionally homogenous a diffusion equation has been obtained which is solved under the boundary conditions, characterizing the method of withdrawal of the solid phase from the system. It is demonstrated that the model can express also the relations usually used for description of similar situations (ideal mixing, separation coefficients in stationary state etc.) like individual cases.

scholarly journals Reaction Behavior of Porous TiAl3 Intermetallics Fabricated by Thermal Explosion with Different Particle Sizes

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (23) ◽  
pp. 7417
Author(s):  
Kaiyang Li ◽  
Tiance Zhang ◽  
Yuanzhi Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Thermal Explosion ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Diffusion Reaction ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
Reaction Behavior ◽  
Liquid Diffusion ◽  
Solid Diffusion ◽  
Solid Liquid

Porous TiAl3 intermetallics were prepared by the thermal explosion (TE) and space holder method with different particle sizes of Ti and Al powders, and their reaction behaviors were investigated. The results showed that with the increase in the particle size of the Ti and Al powders, the interfacial contact between the particles decreased, resulting in low interfacial energy and reaction activity, making the process difficult to initiate. Meanwhile, the heat flow rose from 358.37 J/g to 730.17 J/g and 566.74 J/g due to the extension of the solid–liquid diffusion time. The TiAl3 structures obviously expanded, and the formation of connected pore channels promoted the porosity. Only when the Ti and Al particle sizes were both small did the solid–solid diffusion significantly appear. At the same time, the TE reaction weakened, so the product particles had no time to fully grow. This indicates that the particle size of the raw materials controlled the TE reaction process by changing the solid–liquid diffusion reaction time and the degree of solid-phase diffusion.

scholarly journals Estimating Just Suspension Speed for Stirred Reactors Using Power Measurement

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Raja Shazrin Shah Raja Ehsan Shah ◽  
Baharak Sajjadi ◽  
Abdul Aziz Abdul Raman ◽  
Tiam You See ◽  
Shaliza Ibrahim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Consumption ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Liquid System ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Power Measurement ◽  
Internal Diameter ◽  
Rushton Turbine ◽  
Suspend Solid ◽  
Experimental Values ◽  
Solid Liquid

A simplified mathematical model was developed to predict the just suspended speed, NJS in a solid-liquid system by analyzing the net impeller power consumption to suspend solid particles. A fully baffled tank with an internal diameter of 400mm equipped with a standard Rushton turbine with a diameter of D=T/3 (133mm) was used in this work. Glass beads were used as the solid phase and distilled water was used as the liquid phase. Solid loadings were varied within the range of 0-27 wt%. Power consumption was measured using the shaft torque method. The predicted NJS values were in a good approximation to the experimental values using the Zwietering’s criterion with a deviation of 2 – 10%. The deviation was lower for higher solid concentrations.

scholarly journals Study of slurry dewatering in a horizontally placed shell filtering construction

2021 ◽  
Vol 303 ◽  
pp. 01052
Author(s):  
Maxim Tyulenev ◽  
Sergey Markov ◽  
Sergey Kravchenko ◽  
Stefan Vöth
Keyword(s):  
Solid Phase ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Coal Slurry ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Carbon Particles ◽  
The Subject

Dewatering of water-coal slurry or thickened product under conditions of operating SUEK-Kuzbass JSC enrichment plants is a promising direction of obtaining technogenic mineral resources. It should also be noted that the quality of the obtained product will be directly influenced by the quality of the initial raw materials. If the content of carbon particles is high and the average ash content of the solid phase is low, such a slurry will be of interest in terms of obtaining additional volumes of coal after dewatering. The object of this study is water-coal slurry obtained at the outlet of the radial thickener (thickened product). The subject of the research is technology of thickened product dewatering with the use of shell filter constructions. The aim of the work is to develop and substantiate parameters of low-cost technology of thickened product dewatering to ensure an increase in economic and environmental efficiency of mining operations. The idea of the work is to use the laws of mass transfer of suspended particles of water-coal slurry by filtering through specially made shell filter constructions (SFC).

TECHNOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF HIGH QUALITY RAW MATERIAL OBTAINING FOR PECTIN PRODUCTION

1970 ◽  
pp. 47-50
Author(s):  
I. A. Ilina ◽  
I. A. Machneva ◽  
E. S. Bakun
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Thermal Characteristics ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Temperature Conductivity ◽  
Drying Temperature ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Gel Forming Ability

  The article is devoted to the study of the chemical composition, physical and thermal-pfysical characteristics of damp apple pomaces and the identifying patterns of influence of drying temperature the functional composition and gel-forming ability of pectin. The research is aimed at obtaining initial data for the subsequent calculation of the main technological, hydro-mechanical, thermal, structural and economic characteristics of devices for drying the plant raw materials, ensuring the environmental safety and high quality of pectin-containing raw materials, the reducing heat and energy costs. As a result of the study of the thermal characteristics of apple pomaces, the critical points (temperature conductivity – 16.5 x 10-8 m2/s, thermal conductivity – 0.28 W/m K, heat capacity – 1627 j/(kg K)) at a humidity of 56 % are determined, which characterizing the transition from the extraction of weakly bound moisture to the extraction of moisture with strong bonds (colloidal, adsorption). It was found that the pomaces obtained from apples of late ripening have a higher content of solids (21-23 %), soluble pectin and protopectin (2.5-4.5 %). Dried pomaces obtained from apple varieties of late ripening contain up to 25 % pectin, which allow us to recommend them as a source of raw materials for the production of pectin. The optimum modes of preliminary washing of raw materials are offered, allowing to the remove the ballast substances as much as possible. It is established that when the drying temperature increases, the destructive processes are catalyzed: the strength of the pectin jelly and the uronide component and the degree of pectin esterification are reduced. The optimum drying temperature of damp apple pomaces is 80 0C, at which the quality of pectin extracted from the dried raw materials is maintained as much as possible. It is shown that the most effective for the pectin production is a fraction with a particle size of 3-5 mm, which allow us to extract up to 71 % of pectin from raw materials.

STRATEGI MENINGKATKAN LOYALITAS KONSUMEN MAKANAN KHAS KOTA CURUP KABUPATEN REJANG LEBONG

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Onsardi Onsardi
Keyword(s):  
Swot Analysis ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Consumer Loyalty ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
The Public ◽  
Typical Food ◽  
Internal And External Factors

The title of this study is the Strategy of Increasing Consumer Food Loyalty in CurupCity, Rejang Lebong Regency (Case Study in "Henvian" Typical Food Industry). Thisresearch is based on the importance of strategies in increasing business and consumerloyalty to products sold.Strategies to increase business and consumer loyalty can bedone with a SWOT analysis. Place of this research is the "Henvian" shop that sellstypical Rejang lebong food. The method used in this study is descriptive qualitative.Informants in this study were people who were considered to know for certain about theHENVIAN Specialty Food Store in Curup City, Rejang Lebong Regency. The dataanalysis technique used in this study is a SWOT analysis to determine the strengths,weaknesses, opportunities and threats in a typical Rejang Lebong food business.By using SWOT analysis techniques that consist of strengths (weakness), weaknesses(weakness), opportunities (opportnity) and threats (threath). The results of this studycan be concluded that the internal factors that are the strength of the marketing strategyare the quality of the product that is good at a price affordable to the public andtourists, service that is friendly and responsive to consumer needs, as well astechnological advancements that facilitate the promotion of business. Internal factorsthat are a weakness are often lack of stock, there are some products that do not meet thestandard packaging, the product shelf life is short, employees do not use uniforms.External factors that become opportunities are a fairly high economic community,abundant raw materials while external factors that are a threat are the manycompetitors, an unstable economy, the price of basic needs increases. Based on theresults of the SWOT analysis of internal and external factors, the strategy used is toimprove product quality by improving the appearance of packaging and quality ofcontent and quality of service by providing uniforms to employees and providingstandards of service to consumers. .Keywords: Strategy, Consumer Loyalty, SWOT

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