scholarly journals Athletic Identity in Youth Athletes: A Systematic Review of the Literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (14) ◽  
pp. 7331
Author(s):  
Bianca R. Edison ◽  
Melissa A. Christino ◽  
Katherine H. Rizzone
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Athletic Identity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Personal Connection ◽  
Youth Athletes ◽  
Perceived Success ◽  
Depression Risk ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

Athletic identity (AI), the degree of personal connection to sport, is well-described in adult research; however, this social trait has been less studied in younger age groups. This systematic review describes epidemiological characteristics of AI in youth athletes. PubMed, Embase and PsycInfo were searched to identify AI studies involving quantitative athlete identity outcomes and cohorts 22 years and younger. The search strategy was developed for each database using the Boolean method. PRISMA guidelines and the Appraisal Tool for Cross-Sectional Studies (AXIS) were utilized. Ten out of ninety-one studies met inclusion criteria. AI scores differed by race/ethnicity. Two studies found increased AI during adolescence compared to later in ones’ training. Mental health-focused studies revealed higher AI levels protect against burnout, but in injured athletes, increased depression risk. Transitioning to a higher level of play during adolescence can correlate with stronger senses of AI. Further research should explore the concept of athletic identity saliency as one moves through an athletic career or training program and how thoughts of perceived success, professional progression, recruitment prospect or injury affect levels of athletic identity.

scholarly journals ATHLETIC IDENTITY IN YOUTH ATHLETES: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7_suppl3) ◽  
pp. 2325967121S0010
Author(s):  
Bianca Edison ◽  
Katherine Rizzone ◽  
Melissa Christino
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Longitudinal Design ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Athletic Identity ◽  
Measurement Scale ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

Background: Athletic identity (AI) is an important part of the sporting culture that ties in multiple components of how an individual relates to their sport. Adult-based research has described positive and negative sequelae from adopting a robust AI, but there has been less studied on this social trait in younger age groups. Purpose: To systematically review the literature to investigate and describe epidemiological characteristics of athletic identity in athletes younger than 22 years old. Methods: This review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Group (PRISMA) guidelines. PubMed, Embase, PsycInfo were searched to identify studies that quantitatively assessed athletic identity. Three independent reviewers performed data extraction and quality assessment. Study eligibility criteria included English-language publications from 1945-present with an athletic identity outcome in individuals 22 years old and younger. Assessment for study bias was evaluated using the Appraisal Tool for Cross-Sectional Studies (AXIS). Results: Ten studies met the study’s inclusion criteria, eight were cross-sectional design, one was a case series, and one involved a longitudinal design. For these studies, three out of the ten were deemed good quality by AXIS and the remainder were of fair quality. Eight of the ten studies utilized the Athletic Identity Measurement Scale and two utilized the Athlete Identity Questionnaire. Constructs examined include sports and physical activity participation, mental health, sports-related injury, and demographics such as gender and ethnicity. Scores did not vary by gender, but did by race/ethnicity. Two studies found that adolescence was a time of increased athletic identity as opposed to later in one’s training. The studies that focused on mental health and AI showed higher levels may have a protective effect against burnout, but in injured athletes, it may increase the likelihood of depression. In a study examining AI and injury, there was a bimodal association of both low AI and high AI athletes having higher risk of injury. Conclusions: Our systematic review of the literature resulted in very heterogeneous results, preventing analyses of common measures and outcomes. There was cross-study evidence that in adolescence, the transition to a higher level of play can be correlated with a stronger sense of athletic identity. Several studies examined the effect athletic identity can have on the mental health of youth. Further study is needed in pediatric athletes to better understand the relationship between AI and different components of sport.

scholarly journals Religion: Interrelationships and Opinions in Children and Adolescents. Interaction between Age and Beliefs

Religions ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 357
Author(s):  
Rafael López Cordero ◽  
Francisca Ruiz Garzón ◽  
Lourdes Medina Martínez ◽  
María del Carmen Olmos-Gómez
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Current Trend ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Experimental Methodology ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Religious Issue ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive

The current trend of secularization seems to be leading to a gradual withdrawal of religion from public spaces. However, in an increasingly internationalized world, it is becoming more and more important to study the roles of religion and religiosity and their potential in relation to dialogue and social conflicts and tensions. Education is a vital field within which to address this religious issue and create an educational dialogue in order to promote coexistence. By following a quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional study, based on a quasi-experimental methodology with a social–analytical character, our aim is to assess the existing connections between religion, interrelation and opinion in Spanish children and adolescents. Special attention is paid to the interaction between age and beliefs. We carried out our study with the use of a questionnaire distributed to eleven secondary schools, with students aged between 11 and 16 years old, in three regions of southern Spain (Andalusia, Ceuta, and Melilla) characterized by high religious diversity and multiculturalism. The multivariate analysis carried out in this study identifies the effects of variance on the influence of age and religion, highlighting the interaction between the two. It is observed that the youngest students are those who express their opinions about religion the least, while those belonging to younger age groups and majority religions are those who express a greater religious coexistence, with Muslims externalizing their religious condition the most.

scholarly journals Comparison of Prevalence of Periodontitis with Different Indices in Population of District Ghaziabad

2016 ◽  
Vol 04 (01) ◽  
pp. 023-030
Author(s):  
Vimal Kumar ◽  
Pallak Arora ◽  
Manish Khatri ◽  
Shivani Sharma ◽  
Sumit Malhotra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sample Population ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Study Population

Abstract Objective: To estimate the prevalence of periodontal disease with different indices. Methods & materials: The study population consisted of multistage stratified random sample of 1300 subjects from total population of district Ghaziabad. A cross-sectional study was conducted with multi stage stratified random sampling techniques to select the sample population. The subjects were divided into different age groups and the periodontal assessment was made on the basis of CPITN index and ESI Index. Results: The CPITN has shown to estimate incorrect periodontal disease prevalence because of its underestimation of the disease severity. A huge difference was noticed in the prevalence rate of periodontitis when subjects were examined with ESI index. Conclusion Periodontal disease was found to be highly prevalent in the study population and severity of disease increased with age. More number of subjects in younger age group were found to be healthy.

scholarly journals Cataract among elderly in Sri Lanka

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.A. Nilanga Nishad ◽  
S.A. Hewage ◽  
K. Arulmoly ◽  
M.S. Amaratunge ◽  
J de Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Screening Programme ◽  
National Level ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Younger Age

AbstractOut of 39 billion people who are blind around the world, 20 billion (51.3%) is due to cataract, which is preventable. This study intended to assess the prevalence and factors associated with cataract among elderly in a divisional secretariat area in Sri Lanka. This community based cross sectional study assessed randomly selected470 adults over 60 years of age. Diagnosis of cataract was made by a slit lamp examination by medical officers, and classified according to Oxford Lens Opacity Classification system (LOCS III). Majority was between 60-69 age groups and 71% was females. The prevalence of cataract was estimated to be 80.6% including operated eye and 73.6% excluding the operated eye, with a female preponderance in lower age categories. Commonest type of cataract was the nuclear type (n=422; 44.9%), with a majority in grade 2 (218; 23.2%). The prevalence of cataract surgery in the diseased population was as low as 7%. Cataract leading to blindness is very prevalent among adults over 60 years of age in the studied area. Females tend to develop the disease at an early age than males. These findings warrant screening programme for elderly at community level, targeting females at a younger age than males. Future studies are recommended to assess the coverage and barriers for cataract surgeries at national level, which would be immensely useful in planning and improving health services.

scholarly journals Age and sex variation in visceral adipose tissue

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
Pallavi Panchu ◽  
Biju Bahuleyan ◽  
Rose Babu ◽  
Vineetha Vijayan
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Gender Pattern

Background: Adipose tissue mainly visceral fat is said to be harmful and acts as a harbinger of metabolic disorders. A changing trend is seen in the recent decades with decreasing incidence of metabolic disorders in men even though visceral fat is said to be higher in them. Sex hormones may influence the deposition pattern of adipose tissue. The aim of this study was to observe effects of age on visceral fat and to know if the difference in gender pattern of fat distribution is maintained throughout life or disappears after menopause.Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted in Thrissur on 385 apparently healthy subjects using Omron body composition analyser. Data was analysed using SPSS 20.0 version. The tests employed were NOVA, independent samples t-test.Results: In each age group, men had significantly higher visceral fat than females. As age increased, visceral fat increased significantly in both genders. In each group, except for younger age groups, VF levels were equal in men and women.Conclusions: Visceral fat is higher in men and this difference is seen in all age groups. As age increases, visceral fat levels also increased in men and women. The distribution of visceral fat is such that a greater number of men have high to very high levels at a younger age group, a feature observed in women only in the peri and post-menopausal age. Adoption of an active lifestyle coupled with healthy diet should protect against onset of metabolic disorders.

scholarly journals Can traditional games be an option in increasing the physical activity of women following mastectomy?

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Bronikowska ◽  
Michał Bronikowski ◽  
Agata Glapa ◽  
Bartosz Prabucki
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Women ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Younger Women ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Ring Net

SummaryStudy aim: the purpose of the present study was to investigate the potential of traditional games as a method of increasing the physical activity (PA) of women following mastectomy. A cross-sectional survey during the 20th ONCO Games was conducted and the sample included data from women divided into two groups: up to 50 years old (n = 26) and over 50 years old (n = 86).Material and methods: PA was assessed using a questionnaire, and the number of steps taking during 30-minute periods was measured using pedometers during each of the games. Exertion was evaluated using Borg’s Scale.Results: there was no difference in levels of coherence between the age groups. The group of younger women were statistically more active (M = 3.34 days/week) than the older group (M = 2.77 days/week). All the games were evaluated to be of light intensity, with ringo perceived as being statistically more fatiguing in the over 50 age group. The highest number of steps was performed during the game of ring-net-ball (M = 1903 steps/30 min) in both age groups, with older women performing statistically more steps. Similar situations were observed in the cases of pétanque and speedminton. In ringo, the situation was reversed. The lowest number of steps was recorded in pétanque in the younger age group (M = 296 steps/30 min).Conclusion: this study indicates that in the rehabilitation and recovery process after mastectomy, traditional games could be a bridging link between exercising and sports as they provide not just activity but also a unique and valuable social context.

scholarly journals LIMB SYMMETRY IS NOT ENOUGH: ESTABLISHMENT OF HEIGHT NORMALIZED HOP DISTANCES WITHIN HEALTHY YOUTH ATHLETES

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4_suppl3) ◽  
pp. 2325967120S0019
Author(s):  
Elliot M. Greenberg ◽  
Michael Karl ◽  
Anne Leung ◽  
J. Todd Lawrence ◽  
Theodore Ganley
Keyword(s):  
Test Performance ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Return To Sports ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sample Mean ◽  
Youth Athletes ◽  
Main Effect

Background: Most experts recommend utilizing single leg hop tests to help determine an athlete’s readiness to return to sports after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). A limb symmetry index (LSI =involved limb/uninvolved limb) of ≥90% is typically required by most contemporary protocols. However, limb symmetry may underestimate continued post-operative deficits due to performance declines within the uninvolved limb after ACLR. Additionally, LSI may not accurately identify those at risk of repeat injury, and doesn’t assist in ensuring maximal patient effort. Comparing height normalized hop distances to uninjured controls has been suggested as an additional criteria to better recognize performance deficits after ACLR. Purpose: To characterize single leg hop test performance in a large group of healthy youth athletes and determine the relationships of sex or age on hop performance. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of healthy youth athletes aged 8-14 years-old, who were currently participating in organized sports. Using their dominant leg, each subject performed a triple hop (TrH) in which they quickly hopped on one leg three times, achieving maximal linear distance, while holding their balance after the last hop. Distance from starting line to the heel was recorded in centimeters. Each subject’s hop distance was normalized to body height and served as the dependent variable. A two-way ANOVA analyzed any effects of age and sex. A-priori alpha was set at p≤0.05. Results: A total of 340 subjects (Male [n=184], mean age 10.9±1.5 years) were included. Across the entire sample, mean TrH distance was 2.2 times body height. ANOVA demonstrated no differences for main effect of sex (mean TrH/height, Males=2.2, Females=2.1, p=0.212). (Figure 1) Main effect of age was significant (p<0.001) with Bonferroni post-hoc analysis indicating 13 year-olds normalized TrH distance (2.6 times body height) was greater than all other age groups (8 yrs=1.9, 9yrs=2.0, 10yrs=2.1, 11yrs=2.2, 12yrs=2.3). (Figure 2) The 12 year-old performance was significantly greater than 8-9 year-olds only (2.3 vs 1.9-2.0). Conclusions: When normalized to body height, TrH performance increases around the ages of 12-13 years. Regardless of sex, athletes aged 8-11 can be expected to TrH approximately 2 times body height, while athletes near age 13 should have TrH values of 2.6 times body height. Due to post-operative deconditioning within the healthy limb, the use of age-matched hopping norms in addition to LSI may offer better determination of functional recovery or effort. As performance changes with age, future research should focus on establishing normative performance in older subjects. Figures/Tables: [Figure: see text][Figure: see text]

scholarly journals Dynapaenic obesity and its association with health outcomes in older adult populations: protocol for a systematic review

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. e027728 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siobhan Leahy ◽  
Marica Cassarino ◽  
Matthew DL O' Connell ◽  
Liam Glynn ◽  
Rose Galvin
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Older Adult ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Functional Disability ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Ageing Population ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age Related

IntroductionTwo major global health challenges are the rapidly ageing population and the high prevalence of obesity in all age groups. Older adults are also susceptible to age-related loss of muscle strength, termed dynapaenia. The co-occurrence of both obesity and dynapaenia, termed dynapaenic obesity (DO), has been associated with poorer health outcomes and increased healthcare usage compared with either state alone. The purpose of this systematic review is to quantify the prevalence and incidence of DO in older adult populations, and to explore the association between DO and health outcomes, specifically chronic disease and multimorbidity, functional disability and healthcare usage.Methods and analysisUsing the Meta-analyses Of Observational Studies in Epidemiology guidelines, we will conduct a systematic review of cross-sectional and longitudinal observational studies of older adults, which include measures of DO and specified outcomes. Detailed literature searches of will be conducted using six electronic databases: Excerpta Medica dataBASE (EMBASE), PubMed, MEDLINE, SCOPUS, ScienceDirect and Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Complete (CINAHL), including articles published from database inception until Febuary 2019. The reference lists of included articles will also be searched. Two independent reviewers will undertake a three-step screening and review process using the Population, Risk Factor, Outcome framework to define eligibility. The Newcastle Ottawa Scale for non-randomised studies will be used to assess risk of bias and to rate study quality. The findings will be synthesised in a narrative summary, and a meta-analysis will be conducted where appropriate.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval is not required for this systematic review. Findings from this research will be submitted for peer-reviewed publication in academic journals, and presented at relevant academic conferences.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42018112471.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Overweight among Military Personnel of a Selected Bangladesh Army Unit

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-196
Author(s):  
Irtika Rahman ◽  
ATMA Rustom ◽  
Farzana Zafreen ◽  
Md Abdul Wahab
Keyword(s):  
Military Personnel ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Sociodemographic Characteristics ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prevalence Data ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Military Unit ◽  
And Training

Introduction: Overweight are associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality, but prevalence data on these conditions are not readily available among military personnel in Bangladesh. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of overweight and its association with sociodemographic characteristics among military personnel in a unit of Bangladesh Army. Objectives: The aim of the present study was therefore to determine the prevalence of overweight/obesity among military personnel in a military unit of Jalalabad cantonment and also to investigate their association with selected sociodemographic characteristics. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among 385 military personnel. Height weight, BMI were assessed using standardized procedures. Results: Prevalence of overweight was 54(14%) and n one of the participants were obese or underweight. Overweight status was significantly (p<0.05) higher among 30-45 years of age group and JCOs. No significant association was found with other socio-demographic characteristics. Conclusion: Though overall prevalence of overweight was low among military personnel because of their physical hardship and training. But it is significantly higher among the JCOs and younger age groups. Life style modification and education on appropriate diet and physical exercise during formal and informal sessions may be advised. Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.14 (2) 2018: 193-196

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