scholarly journals Results of Pregnancy Control before and during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Comparison of Two Cohorts

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (15) ◽  
pp. 8182
Author(s):  
Javier Llorca ◽  
Carolina Lechosa-Muñiz ◽  
Pelayo Frank de Zulueta ◽  
Sonia López-Gómez ◽  
Victoria Orallo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Preterm Births ◽  
Joint Analysis ◽  
Northern Spain ◽  
Socioeconomic Characteristics ◽  
Low Birth Weight Babies ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Health Related Behaviour

The COVID-19 pandemic placed pregnant women at high risk, but behavioural changes have also led to lower rates of preterm births in high-income countries. The main goal of this article is to study the ongoing impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on pregnancy control and outcomes; this is a joint analysis of two cohorts. The pre-pandemic cohort includes 969 pregnant women recruited in 2018. The pandemic cohort comprises 1168 pregnant women recruited in 2020. Information on demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, reproductive history, characteristics of the current pregnancy and its outcome were obtained from medical records. Birth by Caesarean section was more frequent in the pre-pandemic cohort (adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 0.71, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.55–0.92). A birth weight lower than 2500 g and higher than 4000 g occurred more frequently in the pre-pandemic cohort (adjusted OR = 0.62, 95% CI: 0.41–0.93 for lower than 2500 g and adjusted OR = 0.30, 95% CI: 0.20–0.46 for higher than 4000 g). Exclusive breastfeeding upon hospital discharge was more frequent in the pandemic cohort than in the pre-pandemic cohort (60% vs. 54%, p = 0.005), with adjusted OR = 0.67, 95% CI: 0.52–0.86 for mixed breastfeeding and infant formula. In conclusion, we report reductions in Caesarean sections and reduced numbers of low birth weight babies during the pandemic in a hospital located in northern Spain. Further analysis will clarify if these reductions are related to changes in health-related behaviour or healthcare operation.

scholarly journals Results of Pregnancy Control before and during the Covid-19 Pandemic: A Comparison of Two Cohorts

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Llorca ◽  
Carolina Lechosa-Muñiz ◽  
Pelayo Frank de Zulueta ◽  
Sonia Lopez-Gomez ◽  
Victoria Orallo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Preterm Births ◽  
Joint Analysis ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Health Related Behaviour ◽  
The Impact

COVID-19 pandemic put pregnant women in high risk, but behavioural changes has also led to lower rates of preterm births in high-income countries. The main goal in this article is to study the impact that COVID-19 pandemic is having on pregnancy control and outcomes. This is a joint analysis of two cohorts. A pre-pandemic one includes 969 pregnant women recruited in 2018. The pandemic cohort comprises 1168 pregnant women recruited in 2020. Information on demographic and socio-economic characteristics, reproductive history, characteristics of the current pregnancy and its outcome were obtained from medical records. Caesarean section was more frequent in the pre-pandemic cohort (24% vs. 18%, p = 0.004). Birth with less than 37 weeks of gestational age was more frequent in the pre-pandemic cohort (6% vs. 5%, p = 0.04). Weight at birth lower than 2500 grams occurred more frequently in the pre-pandemic cohort (9% vs. 6%, p = 0.001). Exclusive breastfeeding at hospital discharge was more frequent in the pandemic cohort than in the pre-pandemic one (60% vs. 54%, p = 0.005). We are reporting reductions in Caesarean section and preterm birth during the pandemic in a hospital located Northern of Spain. Further analysis would clarify if these lessening are related to changes in health-related behaviour or health-care functioning.

scholarly journals Inadequate Gestational Weight Gain and Exposure to Second-Hand Smoke during Pregnancy Increase the Risk of Low Birth Weight: A Cross-Sectional Study among Full-Term Infants

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 1068
Author(s):  
Muliana Edi ◽  
Yit Chin ◽  
Fui Woon ◽  
Geeta Appannah ◽  
Poh Lim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Second Hand Smoke ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Shs Exposure ◽  
At Home

Despite the advancement of the healthcare system, low birth weight (LBW) remains as one of the leading causes of under-five mortality. This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the prevalence of LBW and its associated factors among 483 third trimester pregnant women recruited from six selected public health clinics in the Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur and the state of Selangor, Malaysia. Pregnant women were interviewed for information on socio-demographic characteristics, smoking behaviour, and second-hand smoke (SHS) exposure at home and in the workplace. Information on the obstetrical history and prenatal care visits history were retrieved from the maternal medical records, while infant’s birth outcomes were retrieved from infant medical records. The prevalence of LBW (<2.5 kg) in infants was 10.4%, with a mean birth weight of 3.0 [standard deviation (SD) 0.4] kg. Results from the multivariable logistic regression model showed that inadequate weight gained during pregnancy [odds ratio (OR) = 2.41, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.18–4.90] and exposure to SHS at home (OR = 1.92, 95% CI = 1.03–3.55) were significantly associated with LBW. In conclusion, pregnant women should monitor their rate of weight gain throughout pregnancy and avoid SHS exposure at home to reduce the risk of delivering LBW infants.

scholarly journals Changes in pregnancy outcomes during the COVID-19 lockdown in Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahimeh Ranjbar ◽  
Leila Allahqoli ◽  
Soheila Ahmadi ◽  
Robab Mousavi ◽  
Maryam Gharacheh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Preterm Births ◽  
Future Health ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background The Covid-19 pandemic response is influencing maternal and neonatal health care services especially in developing countries. However, the indirect effects of Covid-19 on pregnancy outcomes remain unknown. The aim of the present study was to compare pregnancy outcomes before and after the beginning of the Covid-19 pandemic in Iran. Methods We performed a retrospective analysis of the medical records of 2,503 pregnant women with singleton pregnancies, admitted to the maternity department of a women’s hospital in Tehran, Iran, during the pre-Covid-19 pandemic (February 19 to April 19, 2019) and the intra-Covid- 19 pandemic (February 19 to April 19, 2020) period. Results We included 2,503 women admitted to the hospital; 1,287 (51.4 %) were admitted before the Covid-19 lockdown and 1,216 (48.6 %) during the Covid-19 lockdown. There were no significant differences in stillbirth rates (p = 0.584) or pregnancy complications (including preeclampsia, pregnancy-induced hypertension and gestational diabetes) (p = 0.115) between pregnant women in the pre- and intra-pandemic periods. However, decreases in preterm births (p = 0.001), and low birth weight (p = 0.005) were observed in the pandemic period compared to the pre-pandemic period. No significant difference in the mode of delivery, and no maternal deaths were observed during the two time periods. Conclusions In our study we observed a decrease in preterm births and low birth weight, no change in stillbirths, and a rise in the admission rates of mothers to the ICU during the initial Covid-19 lockdown period compared to pre-Covid-19 lockdown period. Further research will be needed to devise plan for immediate post-pandemic care and future health care crises.

scholarly journals Faktor Risiko Bayi Berat Lahir Rendah di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Haji Makassar

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Hatijar Hatijar
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Low Birth Weight Babies

Low birth weight babies are babies born with a weight less than 2500 grams. LBW (low birth weight) affects the high mortality rate in infants and is at risk of experiencing obstacles in growth and development. LBW is generally caused due to lack of nutrition and nutritional needs from mother to fetus while pregnant women aged less than 20 years and more than 35 years have the risk of giving birth to LBW. The purpose of this study is to determine the risk factors that cause LBW based on maternal age and nutritional status. The research method used was observational with a cross sectional study approach. The sampling technique was random sampling at the Regional Haji Makassar General Hospital in the January to July 2015 period with a total sample of 65 people. Analysis using the Chi Square Test. The results showed that there was a relationship between maternal age, nutritional status of LBW with a value (p value = 0.00 <α = 0.05). Maternal age and nutritional status are factors that influence low birth weight where the results of the study indicate that there is a relationship between maternal age and nutritional status on the incidence of low birth weight. To reduce the incidence of low birth weight, it is necessary to increase counseling about the causes of low birth weight babies by health workers, especially midwives to pregnant women to prevent the risk of low birth weight birth.

scholarly journals Safety profile of Td vaccination in Indonesian pregnant women: a post-marketing surveillance study

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 322-8
Author(s):  
Hindra Irawan Satari ◽  
Mita Puspita ◽  
Julitasari Sundoro ◽  
Andrijono ◽  
Syafriyal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Premature Birth ◽  
Local Reaction ◽  
Arthus Reaction ◽  
Serious Adverse Events ◽  
Post Marketing Surveillance

BACKGROUND The Indonesian Expanded Program of Immunization has implemented tetanus and diphtheria (Td) vaccination to replace the tetanus toxoid vaccine in pregnant women since the year 2016. Td vaccine is administered to protect against diphtheria and tetanus to the mother and her baby as well. This prospective study was conducted to assess the adverse reactions after Td immunization; besides, a retrospective study was conducted to observe the presence of severe local reaction (Arthus reaction), premature birth, and low birth weight history in the medical records of pregnant women who had received Td immunization in the past year. METHODS A prospective observational study was conducted in 200 pregnant women. Local reactions and systemic events occurring within 28 days after immunization were recorded in the diary card and were confirmed by the health worker in the follow-up visit. A retrospective study was also conducted to evaluate 750 medical records of pregnant women who had received Td immunization. The study was conducted fromSeptember 2017 to January 2018. The study has been registered at ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT03383653. RESULTS In 185 pregnant women who completed the study, the most common local reaction was pain, occurring in 33.5% of subjects within 24 hours after vaccination. Fever, other systemic reactions, and serious adverse events were not reported during the observation. In the retrospective study, 647 medical records were validated. No Arthus reaction was observed. The prevalence of premature birth was 1.24%, and that of low birth weight was 2.63%, which were below the normal rates. CONCLUSIONS Td vaccination in pregnant women was safe and well-tolerated.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN IBU HAMIL PEROKOK PASIF DENGAN KEJADIAN BAYI BERAT LAHIR RENDAH DI RUMAH BERSALIN IBU SRI PANUNTUN KLATEN

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sri Aminingsih ◽  
Nadiya Istiqomah
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Blood Circulation ◽  
Hazardous Chemicals ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Low Birth Weight Babies ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Smoking affects blood circulation and makes mothers and babies exposedto hazardous chemicals. Every time a mother smokes, her baby gets less oxygen.Nicotine in cigarettes decreases blood flow to the placenta. At the same time carbonmonoxide (CO) lowers the amount of oxygen carried by blood. In addition, there are toxicchemicals that usually interfere the development of infants (Rahmalia, 2009). Apreliminary study conducted by the author at the Maternity House of Sri Panuntun, PedanKlaten District, there were 30 babies born in August to September 2017, revealed thatthere were 6 babies suffered from low birth weight, while 24 babies have normal birthweight.The purpose: Describing the relationship of pregnant women passive smokers with theincidence of Low Birth Weight was the aim of this study.The subjects : The population in this study was all mothers who gave birth at MaternityMother Sri Panuntun Klaten in January-March 2018 accounted for 55 respondents.The results: The result of this research by using Pearson Chi-Square correlation testobtained p = 0.000.The conclusion: There was a positive correlation between pregnant women who arepassive smokers with the incidence of low birth weight babies.Keywords: Pregnant women, Passive smokers, Low birth weight babies.

scholarly journals SIGNIFICANT ASSOCIATION BETWEEN ANTI-THYROID PEROXIDASE (ANTI-TPO) ANTIBODIES AND LOW BIRTH WEIGHT IN EUTHYROID PREGNANT WOMEN

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhanwar Singh Meena ◽  
Harendra Kumar Netra ◽  
Amit Kumar Joshi ◽  
Krishna Priya Banerjee
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Placental Abruption ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Thyroid Peroxidase ◽  
Intrauterine Death ◽  
Negative Group ◽  
Low Birth Weight Babies ◽  
Induced Hypertension

Background: Maternal and perinatal morbidities are well-documented complications of pregnancy in women with thyroid dysfunction, both clinical and subclinical. About 2–5% of pregnant women suffer from thyroid disorders and timely intervention can be done if detected early. The presence of anti-TPO Ab is associated with increased rate of pregnancy complications such as miscarriage, preterm delivery, placental abruption, pregnancy-induced hypertension, intrauterine death and low birth weight. Objectives: Study the effect of anti-TPO Ab positivity on pregnancy outcome especially birth weight and estimate the prevalence of anti-TPO Ab in euthyroid pregnant women. Methods: This observational study enrolled 500 euthyroid pregnant women, age 20-35 years, up to 20 weeks gestation. Venous blood samples collected and analyzed for the anti-TPO Ab levels. On the basis of Ab positivity they were divided into anti-TPO Ab positive and Ab negative group. These two groups were followed up till delivery and compared fetal outcomes for birth weight. Result: Prevalence of anti-TPO Ab positivity was 5.2% in euthyroid obstetric women. Most of anti-TPO Ab positive women were overweight. Incidence of low birth weight babies was 4 fold higher in anti-TPO Ab positive women. Conclusion: Anti-TPO Ab positivity significantly associated with prepregnancy BMI and low birth weight of newborns. Keywords: Thyroid peroxidase antibodies, Anti-TPO Ab, Euthyroid, Low birth weight.

scholarly journals Karakteristik Ibu Hamil dengan Covid-19 dan Luaran Persalinannya di Rumah Sakit Kasih Ibu Surakarta

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Nabila Arnest Amorita ◽  
Ira Syahriarti
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Apgar Score ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Weight One ◽  
Referral Hospitals ◽  
Maternal And Neonatal Outcomes ◽  
Maternal Fetal Transmission

Background: Kasih Ibu Hospital as one of the referral hospitals for COVID-19 in Surakarta City, Central Java, had treated 1333 confirmed cases of COVID-19, including among them obstetric patients with COVID-19. Pregnant women are considered to be more susceptible to COVID-19 infection than those who are not pregnant and it is feared that it will result in unfavorable conditions for both mother and fetus. Until now, research on pregnant women with COVID-19 in Indonesia is still very few and limited.Objective: To provide an overview of the characteristics of maternal and neonatal outcomes at the Kasih Ibu Hospital Surakarta.Method: Data were collected from medical records of pregnant women confirmed with COVID-19 who gave birth at the Kasih Ibu Hospital, Surakarta. Data was presented in the form of a distribution based on maternal age, parity, gestational age, complication of delivery, typical complaints of COVID-19 in mothers, birth weight of infant, infant APGAR score, and infant COVID-19 status.Results and Discussion: A total of 62 pregnant women confirmed with COVID-19 gave birth at the Kasih Ibu Hospital Surakarta by sectio caesarean procedure. Of all pregnant women, most were asymptomatic and had mild symptoms, only 3.2% had moderate symptoms and no severe or critical symptoms were found. Out of 20 out of 62 babies born (32%) confirmed with COVID-19. All babies were born with good APGAR score and 4 babies were found with low birth weight, one of whom also had hypospadias.Conclusions: Further research is needed regarding the maternal-fetal transmission of COVID-19. Keywords: COVID-19; neonates; pregnancy

scholarly journals Effectiveness of a redesigned iron supplementation delivery system for pregnant women in Negros Occidental, Philippines

2009 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 932-940 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Grace D Risonar ◽  
Pura Rayco-Solon ◽  
Lorena W Tengco ◽  
Jesus N Sarol ◽  
Lourdes S Paulino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Control Area ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Experimental Area ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Hb Concentration ◽  
Health Related Behaviour

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the effectiveness of a redesigned Fe supplementation delivery system (ISDS) in improving Hb concentrations and compliance among pregnant women.DesignA controlled before and after study design was used. Interviews and Hb measurements of randomly selected pregnant women in both treatment areas were conducted at baseline and after 6 months. The redesigned ISDS, reached by consensus based on the surveys and focus group discussions, involved the health workers in spot mapping and clustering; Fe tablets’ distribution, monitoring and promotion; and counselling of pregnant women.SettingNegros Occidental and Negros Oriental, Philippines.SubjectsIn total, 1180 pregnant women given Fe/folic acid tablets daily through the redesigned ISDS in the experimental areas and the existing ISDS in the control areas.ResultsThere were significantly more anaemic pregnant women in the experimental than in the control area at baseline (50·7 v. 37·3 %; P = 0·001). However, at endline, the anaemia prevalence rate in the experimental area was comparable to that of the control (35·6 v. 33·1 %; P = 0·530). Also, the mean Hb concentration increased significantly in the experimental area by 0·5 g/dl (P = 0·002). An increase in the actual number of prenatal visits/trimester in the experimental area was observed (from 0·99 to 1·66; P < 0·0001). Pregnant women in the experimental area were four times more likely to take Fe tablets (OR = 3·79; P < 0·001) and sixteen times more likely to being monitored for Fe intake (OR = 16·86; P < 0·001) compared to the control.ConclusionsThe redesigned ISDS was effective in improving the Hb concentration and health-related behaviour of pregnant women.

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