scholarly journals An Empirical Perception of Economic Resilience Responded to the COVID-19 Epidemic Outbreak in Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei Urban Agglomeration, China: Characterization and Interaction

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (19) ◽  
pp. 10532
Author(s):  
Yaping Zhang ◽  
Jianjun Zhang ◽  
Ke Wang ◽  
Xia Wu
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
High Resistance ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Urban Agglomeration ◽  
Economic Resilience ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Urban Agglomerations ◽  
Low Resistance ◽  
The Impact

The COVID-19 has caused a serious impact on the global economy, and all countries are in a predicament of fighting the epidemic and recovering their economies. Aiming to discuss the impact of the COVID-19 on the economic resilience of urban agglomerations, the economic data of each quarter from June 2019 to September 2020 of the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei Urban Agglomeration are selected, and the economic development index (EDI) is calculated based on the entropy method. Combining the fundamental conditions of urban agglomerations and industrial policies during the COVID-19, urban economic resilience is discussed by the changing trend of the economic development index (EDI) and dividing into resistance and restoration. The results show that: (1) The economic development level of the urban agglomeration has been affected by the epidemic and has changed significantly. The change of endogenous power is the main cause of change; (2) During the outbreak of the COVID-19, the economic resilience of the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei urban agglomeration shows four different development types: high resistance and restoration, high resistance but low restoration, low resistance but high restoration, low resistance and restoration cities; (3) High resistance but low restoration, low resistance but high restoration, and low resistance and restoration cities influence each other, but the relationship between cities is mainly dependent; (4) The economic restoration within the urban agglomeration forms a synergy, which promotes the economic recovery and development of the urban agglomeration during the recovery period of the COVID-19. Urban agglomerations should enhance the combined effect of resistance and increase the impact of high resistance and restoration cities on surrounding cities in the future.

scholarly journals Informatization of global economic development and place of Ukraine in the information environment

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Development Index ◽  
The World ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
The Impact

This publication studies the impact of information and communication technologies on the global economy; using the main Indices (Network Readiness Index, Global Innovation Index, E-Government Development Index, E-Participation Index and ICT Development Index) the authors analyzed at a on information society development. Information and communication technologies are an integral part of the global economy; the decisive factor of the country's economic development is the level of ICT use in various areas of public life. The fact of the transition from the “old industrial order” to the “new economy”, which affects the processes of production, processing and transmission of information, transforming the economy, politics and culture in the modern world, becomes obvious. The rapid development and spread of new ICT technologies acquire the nature of the global information revolution. This leads to an irreversible transformation into a new post-industrial type of society. The main idea of this research is relevant within the scientific and practical terms. The subject of the research is the informatization of global economic development. The purpose of the research is to study informatization processes and to analyze ICT as a resource of the modern development of the world economy. The object of the study is the dynamics of the informatization process development and the detailed analysis of the impact of ICT on the world economy. The scientific methods are a system analysis, a factor analysis and a graphical method. The study reveals new components of the world economy and countries’ positions on the global market. The authors conclude that due to the development of ICT, almost all areas of the economy, which have an impact on the development of states and people's welfare, are getting intensified.

The Role of Oil and Gas in the Economic Development of the Global Economy

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Stevens
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Oil And Gas Producers ◽  
The Future ◽  
History Of ◽  
Factor Inputs ◽  
The Impact

This chapter is concerned with the role of oil and gas in the economic development of the global economy. It focuses on the context in which established and newer oil and gas producers in developing countries must frame their policies to optimize the benefits of such resources. It outlines a history of the issue over the last twenty-five years. It considers oil and gas as factor inputs, their role in global trade, the role of oil prices in the macroeconomy and the impact of the geopolitics of oil and gas. It then considers various conventional views of the future of oil and gas in the primary energy mix. Finally, it challenges the drivers behind these conventional views of the future with an emphasis on why they may prove to be different from what is expected and how this may change the context in which producers must frame their policy responses.

CONCEPTUAL PRINCIPLES OF ACHIEVING INTELLECTUAL LEADERSHIP

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-104
Author(s):  
Liudmyla Tsymbal
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Physical Capital ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
High Tech ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Intellectual Leadership

The article identifies the key conceptual foundations for the formation of intellectual leadership of economic entities, including countries as specific actors in the global economy. Thorough preconditions for increasing the level of economic development and the impact of education have been identified. It is determined that historical concepts and modern realities of economic activity only actualize the role of education and enlightenment in the economic development of the national economy and ensuring its competitiveness. The strategies of increasing the competitiveness of individual countries of the world are analyzed, their key priorities in the conditions of formation of the knowledge economy are determined. The evolution of views on the role of human and intellectual capital in increasing the welfare of countries, the impact on GDP and other macroeconomic indicators is described. The ratings of countries are analyzed, in particular by the level of investment in intellectual capital and the structure of their GDP, which confirms the dominance of science-intensive economic activities. In addition, it was determined that the leading countries are characterized by increasing the role of knowledge-intensive activities, increasing the share of intangible assets, redistribution of capital of leading international companies and increasing research spending, increasing investment in human and intellectual capital, increasing exports of high-tech products. Analytical assessment confirms the advanced development of science-intensive industries in countries with developed economies, which creates the need for training and retraining of specialists needed for such industries. In modern conditions, the educational process ceases to be predominantly the prerogative of young people, and becomes a lifelong process, which increases spending on education in developed countries, but without denying the significant asymmetries on this indicator. Research confirms the direct relationship between the quality of human and physical capital and economic development, which is typical of highly developed countries, one of the main reasons for the development lag of the poorest countries. In addition, the article substantiates the key factors of intellectual leadership and their impact on the development of economic development strategies.

The impact of the regional capital on center-periphery interactions – the case of Lviv and its surrounding region

2021 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-43
Author(s):  
Iryna Leshchukh ◽  
Olha Mulska
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
General Pattern ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Regional Center ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
The One ◽  
Index Value ◽  
Regional Capital ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Strong Inverse Relationship

o analyse the impact of Lviv on centre-periphery interactions the authors calculated the Socio-Economic Development Index for different districts of the region and considered the distance of each district from the regional capital. The Socio-Economic Development Index (Іr) of each district was calculated as the arithmetic mean of indices of its economic (Іе) and social (Іs) development. A strong inverse relationship was found between districts’ indices and their distances from the regional capital (R = –0.69). The indices were used to classify districts into three categories: central, semi-peripheral, and peripheral. The central category includes districts located within a 50-km radius of Lviv and their indices range from 0.5 to 0.7. Semi-peripheral districts are located within the radius of 50-75 km and their Іr values range from 0.3 to 0.5. Peripheral districts are located at the furthest distance from the regional centre, and their Іr values are below 0.3. Because the correlation between the distance from the regional center and index value for some districts was not consistent with the general pattern, two subtypes of districts were also added – core and ancillary. The authors demonstrate that the impact of the regional capital on the socio-economic development of administrative districts decreases with their increasing distance from the regional center. The level of socio-economic development in districts depends, on the one hand, on the strength of impulses generated by the regional center, and on the other hand, is determined by the local economic capacity and ability to absorb the impacts of the regional center and other local growth poles.

scholarly journals Polycentric or monocentric, which kind of spatial structure is better for promoting the green economy? Evidence from Chinese urban agglomerations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Huang ◽  
Ruiwen Liao
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Structural Evolution ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Urban Agglomeration ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Optimal Range ◽  
Urban Agglomerations ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Research Period

Abstract The green economy has gained worldwide attention, especially in the urban agglomerations where population and economic activities are highly concentrated. However, what kind of urban agglomeration spatial structure is more conducive to promoting the green economy? No clear conclusions have been made. Here, we study the impact of urban agglomeration spatial structure on the green economy, and also reveal how urban agglomeration spatial structure influences the three subsystems of green economy. We find that: (1) urban agglomeration spatial structural evolution is closely related to green economy, while in the research period, most urban agglomerations are not located in the optimal range of the spatial structure that drives the green economy. (2) Towards polycentric spatial structure is contributive to green economic growth, however, the excessively polycentric could not benefit green economy. (3) The evolution of urban agglomeration spatial structure exerts heterogenous impacts on the three subsystems when green economy is decomposed into economic subsystem, resources subsystem, and environmental subsystem. Towards polycentric is more conducive to the improvement of economic subsystem and resource subsystem, while, the tendency to monocentric drives the environmental subsystem development. (4) Lastly, our conclusions enlighten the urban agglomeration development planning and spatial mode for approaching a better performance in green economy.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON INDUSTRY 4.0 IN THE CONTEXT OF GLOBAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

InterConf ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 54-59
Author(s):  
Bohdana Hunko
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Technology Industry ◽  
World Economic ◽  
The Impact

The paper analyzes the role of Industry 4.0 in the process of overcoming the global economy from the crisis situation associated with the total Covid-19 pandemic. The aspect of economic profitability of using the technologies of the fourth industrial revolution to improve world economic development in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic was also identified. The author identified the positive and negative consequences of the involvement of technology Industry 4.0, on the basis of which a number of recommendations for small and medium-sized businesses were formed in order to quickly overcome the negative effects of the crisis. Based on the work, the author formulated a number of trends and prospects for global economic development, taking into account the current conditions of the Covid-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals Measuring Economic Development and the Impact of Economic Globalisation

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-207
Author(s):  
Roukanas Spyros
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Field Of Study ◽  
Global Political Economy ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Global Economic Crisis ◽  
National Economies ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Economic Globalisation

Abstract The aim of this article is to measure economic development and the impact of economic globalisation under the prism of global political economy. Global political economy is a field of study that has its roots in international relations. The growth of world economic transactions after the collapse of the Bretton Woods system in the 1970s created the need for a new field of study, in order to explain the interdependence between politics and economics on the international level. Global political economy is the field of study that also examines the implications of economic globalisation for national economies and for the global economy. The concept of economic development is broader than economic growth, which is related to GDP growth. The concept of economic globalisation has changed the prospects of economic development for certain developed and developing economies. The main changes of economic globalisation are closely related to the following aspects of national economies: trade, finance, and production. The analysis of this article will reveal the effects of economic globalisation on different aspects of economic development. These aspects are studied under the prism of indexes such as Financial Development Index, openness to trade, Human Development Index, the GINI Index and other inequality indexes. The aftermath of the global economic crisis of 2007-2008 placed at the epicentre the interdependence of national economies and the issue of economic inequalities. The study of the aforementioned indexes will highlight the alterations that have occurred from the manifestation of the global economic crisis until today. The article is focusing on the following countries: China, Germany, Greece, and the United States for the last decade (2009-2019), on the basis of the available data.

scholarly journals Authoritarian Regimes and Economic Development: An Empirical Reflection

2016 ◽  
Vol 55 (4I-II) ◽  
pp. 657-673
Author(s):  
Karim Khan ◽  
Saima Batool ◽  
Anwar Shah
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Authoritarian Regimes ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Alternative Measures ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
The Impact

Since the recent emphasis on institutions for overall economic development of the countries, the research in this strand has expanded enormously. In this study, we want to see the impact of political institutions on economic development in pure cross-country setting. We take the Human Development Index (HDI) as a measure of economic development and use two alternative measures of dictatorship. We find that dictatorship is adversely affecting economic development in our sample of 92 countries. For instance, transition from extreme dictatorship to ideal democracy would increase HDI by 17 percent. Moreover, our results are robust to alternative specifications and the problems of endogeneity and reverse causation as is shown by the results of 2 Stages Least Squares (2SLS). JEL Classification: P16, H11, H41, H42 Keywords: Economic Development, Human Development Index, Dictatorship

Antimicrobial Resistance Percentages of Salmonella and Shigella in Seafood Imported to Jordan: Higher Percentages and More Diverse Profiles in Shigella

2017 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 414-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad M. Obaidat ◽  
Alaa E. Bani Salman
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Nalidixic Acid ◽  
High Resistance ◽  
Low Resistance ◽  
Fish Samples ◽  
Shigella Spp ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Human Specific

ABSTRACT This study determined the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of human-specific (Shigella spp.) and zoonotic (Salmonella enterica) foodborne pathogens in internationally traded seafood. Sixty-four Salmonella and 61 Shigella isolates were obtained from 330 imported fresh fish samples from Egypt, Yemen, and India. The pathogens were isolated on selective media, confirmed by PCR, and tested for antimicrobial resistance. Approximately 79 and 98% of the Salmonella and Shigella isolates, respectively, exhibited resistance to at least one antimicrobial, and 8 and 49% exhibited multidrug resistance (resistance to three or more antimicrobial classes). Generally, Salmonella exhibited high resistance to amoxicillin–clavulanic acid, cephalothin, streptomycin, and ampicillin; very low resistance to kanamycin, tetracycline, gentamicin, chloramphenicol, nalidixic acid, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, and ciprofloxacin; and no resistance to ceftriaxone. Meanwhile, Shigella spp. exhibited high resistance to tetracycline, amoxicillin–clavulanic acid, cephalothin, streptomycin, and ampicillin; low resistance to kanamycin, nalidixic acid, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, and ceftriaxone; and very low resistance to gentamicin and ciprofloxacin. Salmonella isolates exhibited 14 resistance profiles, Shigella isolates 42. This study is novel in showing that a human-specific pathogen has higher antimicrobial resistance percentages and more diverse profiles than a zoonotic pathogen. Thus, the impact of antimicrobial use in humans is as significant as, if not more significant than, it is in animals in spreading antibiotic resistance through food. This study also demonstrates that locally derived antimicrobial resistance can spread and pose a public health risk worldwide through seafood trade and that high resistance would make a possible outbreak difficult to control. So, capacity building and monitoring harvest water areas are encouraged in fish producing countries.

scholarly journals The County-Scale Economic Spatial Pattern and Influencing Factors of Seven Urban Agglomerations in the Yellow River Basin—A Study Based on the Integrated Nighttime Light Data

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 4220
Author(s):  
Jingtao Wang ◽  
Haibin Liu ◽  
Di Peng ◽  
Qian Lv ◽  
Yu Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Spatial Pattern ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Yellow River Basin ◽  
Urban Agglomeration ◽  
The Yellow River ◽  
Urban Agglomerations ◽  
Development Level ◽  
The Yellow River Basin ◽  
County Scale

The integrated night light (NTL) datasets were used to represent the economic development level, and visual analysis was carried out on the evolution characteristics of the economic spatial pattern of various urban agglomerations in the Yellow River Basin (YRB), at a county-scale, in 1992, 2005, and 2018. The Global Moran’s I and the local Getis-Ord G methods were used to explore the overall spatial correlation and local cold–hot spot of economic development levels, respectively. The spatial heterogeneity of the influence of relevant factors on the economic development level at the municipal scale was analyzed by using the multi-scale geographically weighted regression (MGWR) model. The results show that the county-level economic spatial pattern of urban agglomeration in the YRB has an obvious “pyramid” characteristic. The hot spots are concentrated in the hinterland of the Guanzhong Plain, the Central Plains, and the Shandong Peninsula urban agglomeration. The cold spots are concentrated in the junction of urban agglomerations, and the characteristics of “cold in the west and hot in the east” are obvious. Labor input and import and exporthave a positive impact on the economic development level for each urban agglomeration, government force has a negative impact, and education shows both positive and negative polarization on economic development.

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