scholarly journals Ethnic Composition of Couples and Mutual Health Benefit Receipt: Register-Based Evidence from Finland

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Jan Saarela ◽  
Maria Stanfors ◽  
Mikael Rostila
Keyword(s):  
Discrete Time ◽  
Family Life ◽  
Disability Pension ◽  
Health Benefit ◽  
Ethnic Composition ◽  
Hazard Models ◽  
Prior Work ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Using Data ◽  
First Time

The literature on health dependencies among partners typically ignores diversity of partnership characteristics. One salient example is the ethnic composition. We extend prior work on partnerships and health by investigating how married and cohabiting partners mutually influence each other’s receipt of health-related benefits, focusing on how such correlations vary with the couple’s ethnic composition. We study partners’ mutual receipt of sickness allowance and disability pension in ethnically endogamous and exogamous couples in Finland. The population consists of native individuals in similar socioeconomic positions but belonging to two different ethnic groups—Finnish and Swedish speakers—who differ in health and family life. Using data from population registers, we estimate discrete-time hazard models for first-time benefit receipt, as related to partner’s benefit receipt, among midlife couples. We found evidence of mutual receipt of health benefits in both endogamous and exogamous couples, the correlation being strongest for disability pension. Partner correlation in disability pension receipt is slightly stronger in endogamous Swedish than in endogamous Finnish couples, while women in exogamous couples are slightly less sensitive to men’s receipt than vice versa. The results show that mutual health may be heterogeneous across couples that differ in ethnic composition.

Ethnic Composition of Couples and Mutual Health Benefit Receipt: Register-based Evidence from Finland

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Saarela ◽  
Maria Stanfors ◽  
Mikael Rostila
Keyword(s):  
Disability Pension ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Health Benefit ◽  
Ethnic Composition ◽  
Health Care Needs ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
Income Loss ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Using Data ◽  
First Time

Abstract Background: The literature on health dependencies among partners typically ignores diversity when it comes to partnership characteristics, which have consequences on many facets of life and may be important for the health of both parties. One salient example is the ethnic or racial composition of the couple. We extend prior work on partnerships and health by investigating how married and cohabiting partners mutually influence each other’s receipt of health-related benefits, and focus on how any such correlations vary by the couple’s ethnic composition.Methods: We study partners’ mutual receipt of sickness allowance and disability pension in ethnically endogamous and exogamous couples in Finland. The population consists of native individuals in similar socioeconomic positions but belonging to two different ethnic groups, Finnish and Swedish speakers, which differ regarding health and cultural practices related to family life. Using data from population registers (36,034 couples in 1987-2011), we estimate discrete-time hazard models for first-time benefit receipt related to partner’s benefit receipt among midlife couples.Results: We find evidence of mutual receipt of health benefits in both endogamous and exogamous couples, the correlation being strongest for disability pension. Partner correlation in disability pension receipt is slightly stronger in endogamous Swedish than in endogamous Finnish couples, while women in exogamous couples are slightly less sensitive to men’s receipt than vice versa. These findings show that the ethnic composition of couples is important for mutual health benefit receipt.Conclusions: Our findings could be explained both by collateral health effects and by rational decisions concerning mutual leisure time, income loss, and informal health care needs. The results clearly cast light on the important issue of mutual health in couples, and that associations of this kind may be heterogeneous across couples that differ in ethnic composition.

Life Outlook of Rehabilitation Clients: A Comparative Analysis

1977 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-98
Author(s):  
Richard T. Roessler ◽  
Steven E. Boone
Keyword(s):  
Family Life ◽  
Time Perspective ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Rehabilitation Services ◽  
Upward Trend ◽  
Marriage And Family ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Happy Marriage ◽  
Using Data

Because of its motivational significance, time perspective has been a much studied concept. Using data from the Self-anchoring Life Ladder, time perspective, hopes, and fears of rehabilitation clients were examined and contrasted to similar age groups of the U.S. population and college students. Showing an upward trend for all groups, life ladder ratings of past, now, and future indicated an optimistic life outlook. Although comparable on future ratings, rehabilitation clients rated past and present lower than the other two groups. Hopes for rehabilitation clients included economic security, happy marriage and family life, and congenial work. Fears included loss of economic security, no or uncongenial job, and no or unhappy family life. Health related concerns, although not listed as hopes, were listed as fears. Implications of the life ladder data for rehabilitation services are discussed.

scholarly journals Investigating the risk factors for contraction and diagnosis of human tuberculosis in Indonesia using data from the fifth wave of RAND’s Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS-5)

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Nathan Adam ◽  
Saseendran Pallikadavath ◽  
Marianna Cerasuolo ◽  
Mark Amos
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Stress Reduction ◽  
Family Life ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Health Benefit ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Indonesian Family Life Survey ◽  
Using Data ◽  
As Stress

Abstract Tuberculosis (TB) is a globally widespread disease, with approximately a quarter of the world’s population currently infected (WHO, 2018). Some risk factors, such as HIV status, nutrition and body mass index, have already been thoroughly investigated. However, little attention has been given to behavioural and/or psychological risk factors such as stress and education level. This study investigated the risk factors for TB diagnosis by statistical analyses of publicly available data from the most recent wave of the Indonesian Family Life survey (IFLS-5) conducted in 2015. Out of 34,249 respondents there were 328 who reported having TB. For comparison and completeness, variables were divided into levels: individual-, household- and community-level variables. The most prominent and interesting variables found to influence TB diagnosis status (on each level) were investigated, and a logistic regression was subsequently developed to understand the extent to which each risk factor acts as a predictor for being diagnosed with TB. Age, health benefit or insurance, stress at work and living in a rural area all showed significant association with TB diagnosis status. This study’s findings suggest that suitable control measures, such as schemes for improving mental health/stress reduction and improved access to health care in rural areas should be implemented in Indonesia to address each of the key factors identified.

scholarly journals Meteor head echo polarization at 930 MHz studied with the EISCAT UHF HPLA radar

2011 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 1197-1208 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Wannberg ◽  
A. Westman ◽  
A. Pellinen-Wannberg
Keyword(s):  
Angle Of Incidence ◽  
Resonance Effects ◽  
Observation Volume ◽  
Polarization Characteristics ◽  
Radar Measurements ◽  
Head Echo ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Static Head ◽  
First Time ◽  
Underdense Plasma

Abstract. The polarization characteristics of 930-MHz meteor head echoes have been studied for the first time, using data obtained in a series of radar measurements carried out with the tristatic EISCAT UHF high power, large aperture (HPLA) radar system in October 2009. An analysis of 44 tri-static head echo events shows that the polarization of the echo signal recorded by the Kiruna receiver often fluctuates strongly on time scales of tens of microseconds, illustrating that the scattering process is essentially stochastic. On longer timescales (> milliseconds), more than 90 % of the recorded events show an average polarization signature that is independent of meteor direction of arrival and echo strength and equal to that of an incoherent-scatter return from underdense plasma filling the tristatic observation volume. This shows that the head echo plasma targets scatter isotropically, which in turn implies that they are much smaller than the 33-cm wavelength and close to spherically symmetric, in very good agreement with results from a previous EISCAT UHF study of the head echo RCS/meteor angle-of-incidence relationship. Significant polarization is present in only three events with unique target trajectories. These all show a larger effective target cross section transverse to the trajectory than parallel to it. We propose that the observed polarization may be a signature of a transverse charge separation plasma resonance in the region immediately behind the meteor head, similar to the resonance effects previously discussed in connection with meteor trail echoes by Herlofson, Billam and Browne, Jones and Jones and others.

What drives housing prices, rent and new construction in China

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 662-686
Author(s):  
Dimitrios Staikos ◽  
Wenjun Xue
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
Empirical Test ◽  
Housing Prices ◽  
Panel Cointegration ◽  
Real Estate Market ◽  
Estimation Methods ◽  
Content Type ◽  
New Construction ◽  
Using Data ◽  
First Time

Purpose With this paper, the authors aim to investigate the drivers behind three of the most important aspects of the Chinese real estate market, housing prices, housing rent and new construction. At the same time, the authors perform a comprehensive empirical test of the popular 4-quadrant model by Wheaton and DiPasquale. Design/methodology/approach In this paper, the authors utilize panel cointegration estimation methods and data from 35 Chinese metropolitan areas. Findings The results indicate that the 4-quadrant model is well suited to explain the determinants of housing prices. However, the same is not true regarding housing rent and new construction suggesting a more complex theoretical framework may be required for a well-rounded explanation of real estate markets. Originality/value It is the first time that panel data are used to estimate rent and new construction for China. Also, it is the first time a comprehensive test of the Wheaton and DiPasquale 4-quadrant model is performed using data from China.

The Utility of Family Life Cycle as a Theoretical and Empirical Tool

2003 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolyn A. Kapinus ◽  
Michael P. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Family Life ◽  
Predictive Power ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Family Life Cycle ◽  
Predictive Tool ◽  
The Family ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Married Men ◽  
Using Data

Using data from a 1980 national sample of married men and women, the analysis examines the utility of the family life cycle concept, employing as dependent variables constructs from Johnson’s conceptualization of commitment. They argue, in disagreement with two classic critiques of the family life cycle concept, that the predictive power of family life cycle is, for many dependent variables, quite independent of age or length of marriage. Their analyses demonstrate that, when using dependent variables one would expect to be related to the presence and ages of children, family life cycle remains a useful predictive tool.

scholarly journals Rural Development from a Gender Perspective: The Case of Women Farmers in Southern Spain

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Jaime De Pablo Valenciano ◽  
Juan Milán-García ◽  
Juan Uribe-Toril ◽  
María Angustias Guerrero-Villalba
Keyword(s):  
Women Workers ◽  
Family Life ◽  
Local Development ◽  
Work And Family ◽  
Women Farmers ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
Employment Contracts ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Using Data

This article analyses the contribution to local development by women workers in the fruit- and vegetable-handling sector in Almería (Spain) over the last five years (2015–2019). It is a continuation of research carried out during the period 2000–2014. Using data collected through surveys and focus groups, the aim is to ascertain if the results obtained in this analysis meet the condition of sustainability, i.e., whether the improvement in working women’s quality of life has been maintained over time, and whether these beneficial effects have multiplied. The results show that women workers in the fruit- and vegetable-handling sector are satisfied with their jobs and with the company they are working for. The existence of fixed-discontinuous employment contracts facilitates greater flexibility for women in terms of balancing work and family life. This main contribution of this study lies in extrapolating the sustainability of a local development model in regard to other initiatives that aim to increase women’s empowerment in the labour market.

Morphological and molecular characteristics of Bastiania sinensis sp. n., Tripyla aquatica Brzeski & Winiszewska-Ślipińska, 1993 and T. setifera Bütschli, 1873 (Nematoda: Triplonchida) from Shanxi Province, North China

Nematology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Mei Na Liu ◽  
Yu Mei Xu ◽  
Zeng Qi Zhao ◽  
Jian Ming Wang
Keyword(s):  
North China ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Shanxi Province ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Separate Species ◽  
Using Data ◽  
First Time ◽  
Respective Species

Summary This paper describes a new species of Bastiania, presents a new record and redescribes a known species of Tripyla. These nematodes are all in the order Triplonchida and were collected from Shanxi Province, North China. Bastiania sinensis sp. n. is characterised by having the female with a relatively slender body 1049-1295 μm long, dorsally arcuate after heat relaxation, with outer labial setae and cephalic setae in a single circle, an oval amphid, 7-8 laterodorsal cervical setae scattered in the pharyngeal region, orthometamenes and pseudocoelomocytes present, tail conoid with a mucron 1-2 μm long, two pairs of caudal setae present, a = 58.1-75.5, b = 4.0-4.6, c = 12.7-19.7, c′ = 4.1-7.8 and V = 61.1-67.7. Males were not found. Tripyla aquatica is recorded for the first time from China, and is redescribed. Tripyla setifera has been reported from China but without a detailed description – now provided. In addition, phylogenetic relationships among the species were analysed using data from the near full length small subunit (SSU) and D2-D3 segments of large subunit (LSU) of rRNA genes. Bastiania sinensis sp. n. is monophyletic with the Bastiania sequences available in GenBank, but is on an independent branch supporting its status as a separate species; T. aquatica and T. setifera are monophyletically clustered with known Tripyla species and grouped together with sequences from their respective species.

The Disciplinary Differences in the Characteristics and Effects of Non-Tenure-Track Faculty

2021 ◽  
pp. 016237372110304
Author(s):  
Di Xu ◽  
Florence Xiaotao Ran
Keyword(s):  
Tenure Track ◽  
Subsequent Performance ◽  
State College ◽  
College System ◽  
Tenure Track Faculty ◽  
Engineering Mathematics ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Student Sorting ◽  
Using Data

Using data with detailed instructor employment information from a state college system, this study examines disciplinary variations in the characteristics and effects of non-tenure-track faculty hired through temporary and long-term employment. We identify substantial differences in demographic and employment characteristics between the two types of non-tenure-line faculty, where the differences are most pronounced in science, technology, engineering, mathematics, and health-related fields (STEM) at 4-year colleges. Using an instrumental variables strategy to address student sorting, our analyses indicate that taking introductory courses with temporary adjuncts reduces subsequent interest, and the effects are particularly large in STEM fields at 4-year colleges. Long-term non-tenure faculty are generally comparable with tenure-track faculty in student subsequent interest, but tenure-track faculty are associated with better subsequent performance in a handful of fields.

Artificial Intelligence, Social Media and Depression. ‘Patient’ Autonomy Revisited

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (Special Issue) ◽  
pp. 133-133
Author(s):  
Regina Mueller ◽  
◽  
Sebastian Laacke ◽  
Georg Schomerus ◽  
Sabine Salloch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Patient Autonomy ◽  
Ethical Challenges ◽  
Traditional Concept ◽  
Ethical Implications ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Twitter Users ◽  
Using Data

"Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems are increasingly being developed and various applications are already used in medical practice. This development promises improvements in prediction, diagnostics and treatment decisions. As one example, in the field of psychiatry, AI systems can already successfully detect markers of mental disorders such as depression. By using data from social media (e.g. Instagram or Twitter), users who are at risk of mental disorders can be identified. This potential of AI-based depression detectors (AIDD) opens chances, such as quick and inexpensive diagnoses, but also leads to ethical challenges especially regarding users’ autonomy. The focus of the presentation is on autonomy-related ethical implications of AI systems using social media data to identify users with a high risk of suffering from depression. First, technical examples and potential usage scenarios of AIDD are introduced. Second, it is demonstrated that the traditional concept of patient autonomy according to Beauchamp and Childress does not fully account for the ethical implications associated with AIDD. Third, an extended concept of “Health-Related Digital Autonomy” (HRDA) is presented. Conceptual aspects and normative criteria of HRDA are discussed. As a result, HRDA covers the elusive area between social media users and patients. "

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