Transcriptomic Profile of Primary Culture of Skeletal Muscle Cells Isolated from Semitendinosus Muscle of Beef and Dairy Bulls

The aim of the study was to identify differences in the transcriptomic profiles of primary muscle cell cultures derived from the semitendinosus muscle of bulls of beef breeds (Limousin (LIM) and Hereford (HER)) and a dairy breed (Holstein-Friesian (HF)) (n = 4 for each breed). Finding a common expression pattern for proliferating cells may point to such an early orientation of the cattle beef phenotype at the transcriptome level of unfused myogenic cells. To check this hypothesis, microarray analyses were performed. The analysis revealed 825 upregulated and 1300 downregulated transcripts similar in both beef breeds (LIM and HER) and significantly different when compared with the dairy breed (HF) used as a reference. Ontological analyses showed that the largest group of genes were involved in muscle organ development. Muscle cells of beef breeds showed higher expression of genes involved in myogenesis (including erbb-3, myf5, myog, des, igf-1, tgfb2) and those encoding proteins comprising the contractile apparatus (acta1, actc1, myh3, myh11, myl1, myl2, myl4, tpm1, tnnt2, tnnc1). The obtained results confirmed our hypothesis that the expression profile of several groups of genes is common in beef breeds at the level of proliferating satellite cells but differs from that observed in typical dairy breeds.

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Transcriptomic profile of semitendinosus muscle of bulls of different breed and performance

Journal of Applied Genetics ◽

10.1007/s13353-020-00577-1 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 61 (4) ◽

pp. 581-592

Author(s):

Anna Ciecierska ◽

Tomasz Motyl ◽

Tomasz Sadkowski

Keyword(s):

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Protein Metabolism ◽

Expression Profiles ◽

Semitendinosus Muscle ◽

Beef Breed ◽

Holstein Friesian ◽

And Performance ◽

Microarray Analyses ◽

Regulation Of Growth ◽

Dairy Breed

Abstract The aim of the study was to compare the transcriptomic profiles of fully differentiated skeletal muscle derived from bulls belonging to different breeds of varying performance. Microarray analyses were performed to determine the differences in the expression profiles of genes between semitendinosus muscles of 15-month-old beef-breed bulls (Limousin—LIM and Hereford—HER) and dairy-breed bulls (Holstein Friesian—HF). These analyses allowed for the identification of those genes the expression of which is similar and characteristic of fully differentiated muscle in beef breeds, but differs in skeletal muscle of a typical dairy breed. The analysis revealed 463 transcripts showing similar expression in the semitendinosus muscle of beef breeds (LIM/HER), in comparison with the dairy breed (HF). Among the identified genes, 227 were upregulated and 236 were downregulated in beef breeds. The ontological analyses revealed that the largest group of genes similarly expressed in LIM and HER was involved in the processes of protein metabolism and development of muscle organ. In beef breeds, some genes involved in protein synthesis and proteolysis showed an upregulation, including ctsd, ctsf, fhl2, fhl3, fst, sirt1, and trim63, whereas some were downregulated, including bmpr1a, bmpr2, mstn, smad2, hspa8, gsk3β, and tgfβ2. The expression of the chosen genes was confirmed by RT-qPCR technique. Thus, it can be assumed that the identified genes involved in the regulation of growth and development of muscle tissue and the processes of protein metabolism in the examined cattle breeds may be responsible for the greater gain of muscle mass in beef-breed bulls.

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Matching the Heart to Heat-Induced Circulatory Load: Heat-Acclimatory Responses

Physiology ◽

10.1152/nips.01453.2003 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 18 (6) ◽

pp. 215-221 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Michal Horowitz

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Oxygen Demand ◽

Heat Acclimation ◽

Regulatory Proteins ◽

Contractile Apparatus ◽

Cardiac Efficiency ◽

Cross Tolerance ◽

Altered Expression ◽

Expression Of Genes ◽

Cardiac Adaptation

Heat acclimation enhances cardiac efficiency by increasing stroke volume and decreasing heart rate. These adaptations involve biochemical changes in the contractile apparatus, switched on by altered expression of genes coding contractile and calcium-regulatory proteins and partially mediated by persistent low thyroxine. Heat acclimation also produces cross-tolerance to oxygen deprivation, thus reinforcing cardiac adaptation to oxygen demand/supply mismatching via energy-sparing pathways.

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The Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor β/δ Agonist, GW501516, Regulates the Expression of Genes Involved in Lipid Catabolism and Energy Uncoupling in Skeletal Muscle Cells

Molecular Endocrinology ◽

10.1210/me.2003-0151 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 17 (12) ◽

pp. 2477-2493 ◽

Cited By ~ 267

Author(s):

Uwe Dressel ◽

Tamara L. Allen ◽

Jyotsna B. Pippal ◽

Paul R. Rohde ◽

Patrick Lau ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Muscle Cells ◽

Skeletal Muscle Cells ◽

Peroxisome Proliferator ◽

Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor ◽

Lipid Catabolism ◽

Expression Of Genes

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The role of semen and seminal plasma in inducing large-scale genomic changes in the female porcine peri-ovulatory tract

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-020-60810-z ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

M. Álvarez-Rodríguez ◽

C. A. Martinez ◽

D. Wright ◽

H. Rodríguez-Martinez

Keyword(s):

Seminal Plasma ◽

Genital Tract ◽

Large Scale ◽

Enrichment Analysis ◽

Estrogen Signaling ◽

Cell Recognition ◽

Genomic Changes ◽

Expression Of Genes ◽

Microarray Analyses

AbstractSemen modifies the expression of genes related to immune function along the porcine female internal genital tract. Whether other pathways are induced by the deposition of spermatozoa and/or seminal plasma (SP), is yet undocumented. Here, to determine their relative impact on the uterine and tubal transcriptomes, microarray analyses were performed on the endocervix, endometrium and endosalpinx collected from pre-ovulatory sows 24 h after either mating or artificial insemination (AI) with specific ejaculate fractions containing spermatozoa or sperm-free SP. After enrichment analysis, we found an overrepresentation of genes and pathways associated with sperm transport and binding, oxidative stress and cell-to-cell recognition, such as PI3K-Akt, FoxO signaling, glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis and cAMP-related transcripts, among others. Although semen (either after mating or AI) seemed to have the highest impact along the entire genital tract, our results demonstrate that the SP itself also modifies the transcriptome. The detected modifications of the molecular profiles of the pre/peri-ovulatory endometrium and endosalpinx suggest an interplay for the survival, transport and binding of spermatozoa through, for instance the up-regulation of the Estrogen signaling pathway associated with attachment and release from the oviductal reservoir.

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Emery–Dreifuss muscular dystrophy–linked genes and centronuclear myopathy–linked genes regulate myonuclear movement by distinct mechanisms

Molecular Biology of the Cell ◽

10.1091/mbc.e16-10-0721 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 28 (17) ◽

pp. 2303-2317 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Mary Ann Collins ◽

Torrey R. Mandigo ◽

Jaclyn M. Camuglia ◽

Gabriella A. Vazquez ◽

Alyssa J. Anderson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Muscular Dystrophy ◽

Muscle Cells ◽

Common Mechanism ◽

Centronuclear Myopathy ◽

Muscle Disorders ◽

Nuclear Position ◽

Initial Separation ◽

Common Phenotype ◽

Expression Of Genes ◽

The Many

Muscle cells are a syncytium in which the many nuclei are positioned to maximize the distance between adjacent nuclei. Although mispositioned nuclei are correlated with many muscle disorders, it is not known whether this common phenotype is the result of a common mechanism. To answer this question, we disrupted the expression of genes linked to Emery–Dreifuss muscular dystrophy (EDMD) and centronuclear myopathy (CNM) in Drosophila and evaluated the position of the nuclei. We found that the genes linked to EDMD and CNM were each necessary to properly position nuclei. However, the specific phenotypes were different. EDMD-linked genes were necessary for the initial separation of nuclei into distinct clusters, suggesting that these factors relieve interactions between nuclei. CNM-linked genes were necessary to maintain the nuclei within clusters as they moved toward the muscle ends, suggesting that these factors were necessary to maintain interactions between nuclei. Together these data suggest that nuclear position is disrupted by distinct mechanisms in EDMD and CNM.

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Lipopolysaccharide Induces Expression of Genes Encoding Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines and the Elastin-Degrading Enzyme, Cathepsin S, in Human Cervical Smooth-Muscle Cells

Journal of the Society for Gynecologic Investigation ◽

10.1177/107155760000700309 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 190-198 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Michiko Watari ◽

Hidemichi Watari ◽

Irving Nachamkin ◽

Jerome F. Strauss

Keyword(s):

Smooth Muscle ◽

Smooth Muscle Cells ◽

Inflammatory Cytokines ◽

Muscle Cells ◽

Cathepsin S ◽

Degrading Enzyme ◽

Expression Of Genes ◽

Genes Encoding ◽

Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

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Fatty acid composition of young dairy bull beef as affected by breed type, production treatment, and relationship to sensory characteristics

Animal Production Science ◽

10.1071/an17528 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 59 (7) ◽

pp. 1360 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Yingqun Nian ◽

Paul Allen ◽

Sabine M. Harrison ◽

Nigel P. Brunton ◽

Robert Prendiville ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acid ◽

Dairy Herd ◽

Sensory Characteristics ◽

Eating Quality ◽

Total N ◽

Grazing Season ◽

Breed Type ◽

Holstein Friesian ◽

Ad Libitum ◽

Dairy Bulls

The number of male calves from the Irish dairy herd has increased following the abolition of EU milk quotas in 2015. This is a new resource for the industry, and they can be reared economically to produce meat of acceptable eating quality with optimal fatty acid (FA) profile. The effects of breed and feeding treatment on the FA profile of the longissimus thoracis (LT) muscles of young dairy bulls (n = 69) of Holstein–Friesian and Jersey × Holstein–Friesian were evaluated. The relationship between FA composition and sensory characteristics was also investigated. Bulls were offered either 1 or 2 kg of concentrates at pasture during the first grazing season. Bulls finished on silage with 5 kg of concentrates or on ad libitum concentrates were slaughtered at 15 months of age, while bulls slaughtered at 19 months were fed either ad libitum pasture or pasture with 5 kg of concentrates during a second grazing season and finished on pasture with 5 kg of concentrates or ad libitum concentrates. Pasture-finished 19-month-old bulls had higher relative proportions of C18:0 (P < 0.001), C20:5n3 (eicosapentaenoic acid; P < 0.001), C18:2n6c (P < 0.05), C20:4n6 (P < 0.01), and total n-3 (P < 0.001) and n-6 polyunsaturated FAs (P < 0.05), but reduced C14:0, C16:0, C14:1, C16:1 and total monounsaturated FA (P < 0.001) proportions than in other production treatments. The silage-based finishing system of 15-month-old bulls increased the relative proportions of C15:0 (P < 0.01), C18:0 (P < 0.001) and total saturated FA (P < 0.01), but decreased the proportions of C20:3n6 (P < 0.05) and total unsaturated FA (P < 0.01) compared with the ad libitum-concentrate finishing system. However, the feeding system of the first or second grazing seasons had limited effects on the FA profile. Jersey × Holstein–Friesian breed type had higher relative proportions of C14:1 and C16:1 (P < 0.05), but lower C15:0 (P < 0.01), C17:0 (P < 0.001) and C17:1 (P < 0.01) proportions than did Holstein–Friesian beef. Slaughter age did not affect the FA profile. Monounsaturated FA, C14:0 and C16:0 proportions were positively (P < 0.05) correlated, but polyunsaturated FA proportion was negatively (P < 0.05) correlated with intramuscular fat content, sensory roast beef aroma, flavour, flavour length, juiciness, initial tenderness and ease of disintegration scores. Finishing system and slaughter weight were well discriminated on the basis of FA relative proportions by canonical discriminant analysis.

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Novel Insights into the Protective Properties of ACTH(4-7)PGP (Semax) Peptide at the Transcriptome Level Following Cerebral Ischaemia–Reperfusion in Rats

Genes ◽

10.3390/genes11060681 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 681 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ivan B. Filippenkov ◽

Vasily V. Stavchansky ◽

Alina E. Denisova ◽

Vadim V. Yuzhakov ◽

Larisa E. Sevan’kaeva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cerebral Ischaemia ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Expression Patterns ◽

Artery Occlusion ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Protective Properties ◽

Ischaemia Reperfusion ◽

Expression Of Genes ◽

The Brain ◽

Transcriptome Level

Cerebral ischaemia is the most common cause of impaired brain function. Biologically active peptides represent potential drugs for reducing the damage that occurs after ischaemia. The synthetic melanocortin derivative, ACTH(4-7)PGP (Semax), has been used successfully in the treatment of patients with severe impairment of cerebral blood circulation. However, its molecular mechanisms of action within the brain are not yet fully understood. Previously, we used the transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) model to study the damaging effects of ischaemia–reperfusion on the brain transcriptome in rats. Here, using RNA-Seq analysis, we investigated the protective properties of the Semax peptide at the transcriptome level under tMCAO conditions. We have identified 394 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) (>1.5-fold change) in the brains of rats at 24 h after tMCAO treated with Semax relative to saline. Following tMCAO, we found that Semax suppressed the expression of genes related to inflammatory processes and activated the expression of genes related to neurotransmission. In contrast, ischaemia–reperfusion alone activated the expression of inflammation-related genes and suppressed the expression of neurotransmission-related genes. Therefore, the neuroprotective action of Semax may be associated with a compensation of mRNA expression patterns that are disrupted during ischaemia–reperfusion conditions.

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Genetic analyses of profit for Australian dairy cattle

Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s1357729800013461 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 61 (1) ◽

pp. 9-18 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

P. M. Visscher ◽

M. E. Goddard

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cattle ◽

Milk Yield ◽

Selection Index ◽

Genetic Correlations ◽

Net Income ◽

For Profit ◽

Holstein Friesian ◽

Yield Trait ◽

Dairy Bulls ◽

Selection Of

AbstractDirect genetic evaluation of profit was investigated as an alternative to a selection index. PROFk was defined as (net income)/(food requirement) until the start of the kth lactation, for k = 2 to 6. Genetic parameters such as heritabilities and genetic correlations were estimated for profit traits for Australian Holstein-Friesian and jersey dairy cattle. Heritabilities for profit until the start of a given lactation were moderate, ranging from 0·12 (for profit until the start of the second lactation in Holsteins) to 0·31 (profit until the start of the third lactation in Jerseys). Genetic correlations between profit traits were very high, and approached unity for most pairs of traits, so that profit early and late in herd life were nearly the same trait. Genetic correlations between profit traits and stayabilities until a given lactation were high, ranging from 0·71 to 0·97. Genetic correlations between profit traits and first lactation milk yield traits were approximately 0·80 for Holsteins and 0·90 for Jerseys. A single analysis urns carried out for lifetime profit using all data, including cows that were still in the herd at the time of data collection. Heritabilities were 0·13 for Holsteins and 0·19 for Jerseys. Genetic correlations between lifetime profit and first lactation yields were high. For the selection of dairy bulls, a multivariate analysis on a milk yield trait (e.g. protein yield) and profit until the last known lactation of bulls' progeny was suggested.

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