scholarly journals Inflammatory Depression—Mechanisms and Non-Pharmacological Interventions

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 1640
Author(s):  
Klara Suneson ◽  
Jesper Lindahl ◽  
Simon Chamli Hårsmar ◽  
Gustav Söderberg ◽  
Daniel Lindqvist
Keyword(s):  
Low Grade ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Pharmacological Interventions ◽  
Exercise Interventions ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Symptom Profiles ◽  
Inflammatory Status ◽  
Treatment Of Depression ◽  
Specific Symptoms ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation

Treatment of depression is hampered by the failure to identify distinct symptom profiles with distinct pathophysiologies that differentially respond to distinct treatments. We posit that inflammatory depression is a meaningful depression subtype associated with specific symptoms and biological abnormalities. We review several upstream, potentially causative, mechanisms driving low-grade inflammation in this subtype of depression. We also discuss downstream mechanisms mediating the link between inflammation and symptoms of depression, including alterations in dopaminergic neurotransmission and tryptophan metabolism. Finally, we review evidence for several non-pharmacological interventions for inflammatory depression, including probiotics, omega-3 fatty acids, and physical exercise interventions. While some evidence suggests that these interventions may be efficacious in inflammatory depression, future clinical trials should consider enriching patient populations for inflammatory markers, or stratify patients by inflammatory status, to confirm or refute this hypothesis.

scholarly journals A Genetic Score of Predisposition to Low-Grade Inflammation Associated with Obesity May Contribute to Discern Population at Risk for Metabolic Syndrome

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastià Galmés ◽  
Margalida Cifre ◽  
Andreu Palou ◽  
Paula Oliver ◽  
Francisca Serra
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Genetic Score ◽  
Population At Risk ◽  
Inflammatory Status ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation

Omega-3 rich diets have been shown to improve inflammatory status. However, in an ex vivo system of human blood cells, the efficacy of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) modulating lipid metabolism and cytokine response is attenuated in overweight subjects and shows high inter-individual variability. This suggests that obesity may be exerting a synergistic effect with genetic background disturbing the anti-inflammatory potential of omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). In the present work, a genetic score aiming to explore the risk associated to low grade inflammation and obesity (LGI-Ob) has been elaborated and assessed as a tool to contribute to discern population at risk for metabolic syndrome. Pro-inflammatory gene expression and cytokine production as a response to omega-3 were associated with LGI-Ob score; and lower anti-inflammatory effect of PUFA was observed in subjects with a high genetic score. Furthermore, overweight/obese individuals showed positive correlation of both plasma C-Reactive Protein and triglyceride/HDLc-index with LGI-Ob; and high LGI-Ob score was associated with greater hypertension (p = 0.047), Type 2 diabetes (p = 0.026), and metabolic risk (p = 0.021). The study shows that genetic variation can influence inflammation and omega-3 response, and that the LGI-Ob score could be a useful tool to classify subjects at inflammatory risk and more prone to suffer metabolic syndrome and associated metabolic disturbances.

F87. Longitudinal Association Between Low-Grade Inflammation and Specific Symptoms of Depression

2019 ◽  
Vol 85 (10) ◽  
pp. S246
Author(s):  
Alexander Chu ◽  
Jan Stochl ◽  
Glyn Lewis ◽  
Stan Zammit ◽  
Peter Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Grade ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Longitudinal Association ◽  
Specific Symptoms ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation

scholarly journals Role of gastrointestinal inflammations in the development and treatment of depression

2011 ◽  
Vol 152 (37) ◽  
pp. 1477-1485 ◽  
Author(s):  
János Fehér ◽  
Illés Kovács ◽  
Corrado Balacco Gabrieli
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Manifestation ◽  
Treatment Of Depression ◽  
Inflammatory Syndrome ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation

Recent studies have revealed that inflammation, among other factors, may be involved in the pathogenesis of depression. One line of studies has shown that depression is frequently associated with manifest gastrointestinal inflammations and autoimmune diseases as well as with cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, type 2-diabetes and also cancer, in which chronic low-grade inflammation is a significant contributing factor. Thus depression may be a neuropsychiatric manifestation of a chronic inflammatory syndrome. Another line of studies has shown that the primary cause of inflammation may be the dysfunction of the “gut-brain axis”. Although, this is a bidirectional mechanism, life style factors may primarily affect the symbiosis between host mucous membrane and the microbiota. Local inflammation through the release of cytokines, neuropeptides and eicosanoids may also influence the function of the brain and of other organs. Role of metabolic burst due to inflammation represents a new aspect in both pathophysiology and treatment of the depression. Finally, an increasing number of clinical studies have shown that treating gastrointestinal inflammations with probiotics, vitamin B, D and omega 3 fatty acids, through attenuating proinflammatory stimuli to brain, may also improve depression symptoms and quality of life. All these findings justify an assumption that treating gastrointestinal inflammations may improve the efficacy of the currently used treatment modalities of depression and related diseases. However, further studies are certainly needed to confirm these findings. Orv. Hetil., 2011, 152, 1477–1485.

scholarly journals Cancer Related Anemia: An Integrated Multitarget Approach and Lifestyle Interventions

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 482
Author(s):  
Valentina Natalucci ◽  
Edy Virgili ◽  
Federica Calcagnoli ◽  
Giacomo Valli ◽  
Deborah Agostini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Homeostasis ◽  
Iron Concentration ◽  
Transferrin Saturation ◽  
Intravenous Iron ◽  
Complex Problem ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Inflammatory Status ◽  
Line Of Therapy ◽  
Cancer Related Anemia ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation

Cancer is often accompanied by worsening of the patient’s iron profile, and the resulting anemia could be a factor that negatively impacts antineoplastic treatment efficacy and patient survival. The first line of therapy is usually based on oral or intravenous iron supplementation; however, many patients remain anemic and do not respond. The key might lie in the pathogenesis of the anemia itself. Cancer-related anemia (CRA) is characterized by a decreased circulating serum iron concentration and transferrin saturation despite ample iron stores, pointing to a more complex problem related to iron homeostatic regulation and additional factors such as chronic inflammatory status. This review explores our current understanding of iron homeostasis in cancer, shedding light on the modulatory role of hepcidin in intestinal iron absorption, iron recycling, mobilization from liver deposits, and inducible regulators by infections and inflammation. The underlying relationship between CRA and systemic low-grade inflammation will be discussed, and an integrated multitarget approach based on nutrition and exercise to improve iron utilization by reducing low-grade inflammation, modulating the immune response, and supporting antioxidant mechanisms will also be proposed. Indeed, a Mediterranean-based diet, nutritional supplements and exercise are suggested as potential individualized strategies and as a complementary approach to conventional CRA therapy.

scholarly journals Maternal Obesity, Inflammation, and Developmental Programming

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie A. Segovia ◽  
Mark H. Vickers ◽  
Clint Gray ◽  
Clare M. Reynolds
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Obesity ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Developmental Programming ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Critical Periods ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Child Bearing ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation

The prevalence of obesity, especially in women of child-bearing age, is a global health concern. In addition to increasing the immediate risk of gestational complications, there is accumulating evidence that maternal obesity also has long-term consequences for the offspring. The concept of developmental programming describes the process in which an environmental stimulus, including altered nutrition, during critical periods of development can program alterations in organogenesis, tissue development, and metabolism, predisposing offspring to obesity and metabolic and cardiovascular disorders in later life. Although the mechanisms underpinning programming of metabolic disorders remain poorly defined, it has become increasingly clear that low-grade inflammation is associated with obesity and its comorbidities. This review will discuss maternal metainflammation as a mediator of programming in insulin sensitive tissues in offspring. Use of nutritional anti-inflammatories in pregnancy including omega 3 fatty acids, resveratrol, curcumin, and taurine may provide beneficial intervention strategies to ameliorate maternal obesity-induced programming.

Non-Transferrin-Bound Iron, Iron Load and Hypoxia May Induce Low-Grade Inflammation in Patients with Thalassemia Intermedia.

Blood ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 114 (22) ◽  
pp. 4072-4072
Author(s):  
Antonios Kattamis ◽  
Emmanuel Kanavakis ◽  
Vassilios Ladis ◽  
Christos Kattamis ◽  
Ioannis Papassotiriou
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Chemistry ◽  
Graphite Furnace ◽  
Heme Iron ◽  
Tissue Hypoxia ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Thalassemia Intermedia ◽  
Transfusion Therapy ◽  
Inflammatory Status ◽  
Hs Crp ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation

Abstract Abstract 4072 Poster Board III-1007 Background Inflammation is known to play an important role in the pathogenesis of thalassemia. Serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6 and TNF-a are known to be elevated in thalassemic patients, suggestive a low-grade inflammatory status. These levels are comparable to the ones observed in patients with diabetes, obesity and atherosclerosis. Altered redox status has also been shown in thalassemic erythrocytes. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated in increased amounts after the precipitation of excess unmatched globin chains, the deposition of non-heme iron and hemichromes and the induced inflammation. In this study we assessed the levels and possible causes of inflammatory status in patients with thalassemia intermedia (TI). Patients and Methods Thirty-five patients with TI, 13 men and 22 women, aged 8-63 years were included in the study. None of the patients had received any transfusion therapy for at least 6 months prior of sampling, while 25/35 patients had been splenectomized. We measured the hematologic and biochemical parameters, including Hb, HbF ferritin and soluble transferrin receptors (sTfR) with standard methodology. Serum concentrations of non-transferrin bound iron (NTBI) were estimated using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. Determination of high-sensitivity CRP (hs-CRP or cardiophase-CRP) was performed using the Siemens Advia 1800 Clinical Chemistry System. Furthermore, we obtained P50 values from oxygen equilibrium curves (OEC) drawn in fresh whole blood. Oxygen delivery and release parameters were calculated using the “Siggaard–Andersen's Oxygen Status Algorithm”. Results hs-CRP levels were elevated 2.12±0.55 mg/L compared to lean control values 1.2±0.19 mg/L (p<0.008). Most of the patients (60 %) showed evidence of low-grade inflammation based on the hs-CRP levels. NTBI levels were significantly elevated (2.4±2.2micromol/L), with only 10/30 patients having levels <0.5micromol/L, which is proposed as normal limit. As accepted P50 values were indicative of relative tissue hypoxia (all patients demonstrate increase oxygen affinity). All of the patients showed evidence of increased eryhtropoeitic activity, as indicate by the elevated sTfR levels ranged from 4.0 to 22.9mg/L (3- to 19-fold increase of erythroid marrow activity). The main results of the evaluated correlations showed that: a) hs-CRP levels correlated positively with NTBI concentrations (r=0.741, p<0.0001), b) hs-CRP levels correlated positively with ferritin levels (r=0.522, p=0.004) and c) hs-CRP levels correlated negatively with P50 values (r=-0.409, p=0.03), while no correlation was found between hs-CRP levels and the degree of ineffective erythropoiesis expressed as sTfR concentrations (p> 0.223). Conclusions These findings demonstrate that patients with TI have a chronic low-grade inflammation. Similar inflammatory status has been also shown in patients with atherosclerosis, diabetes and obesity. The level of inflammation correlated with indexes of iron homoestasis, alteration of which is commonly observed in patients with TI. Thus, it seems plausible that the oxidative effects of NTBI and increased iron burden result in chronic inflammation in these patients. The observed negative correlation of inflammation and P50 is of interest, as it indicates possible involvement of tissue hypoxia in inflammation processes. Disclosures: Kattamis: Novartis: Consultancy, Honoraria, Speakers Bureau.

scholarly journals Nut consumption is inversely associated with both cancer and total mortality in a Mediterranean population: prospective results from the Moli-sani study

2015 ◽  
Vol 114 (5) ◽  
pp. 804-811 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marialaura Bonaccio ◽  
Augusto Di Castelnuovo ◽  
Amalia De Curtis ◽  
Simona Costanzo ◽  
Francesca Bracone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Mortality ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Mediterranean Population ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Inflammatory Status ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation ◽  
Nut Intake

AbstractNut intake has been associated with reduced inflammatory status and lower risk of CVD and mortality. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between nut consumption and mortality and the role of inflammation. We conducted a population-based prospective investigation on 19 386 subjects enrolled in the Moli-sani study. Food intake was recorded by the Italian version of the European Project Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition FFQ. C-reactive protein, leucocyte and platelet counts and the neutrophil:lymphocyte ratio were used as biomarkers of low-grade inflammation. Hazard ratios (HR) were calculated using multivariable Cox proportional hazard models. During a median follow-up of 4·3 years, 334 all-cause deaths occurred. As compared with subjects who never ate nuts, rare intake (≤2 times/month) was inversely associated with mortality (multivariable HR=0·68; 95 % CI 0·54, 0·87). At intake ≥8 times/month, a greater protection was observed (HR=0·53; 0·32, 0·90). Nut intake (v. no intake) conveyed a higher protection to individuals poorly adhering to the Mediterranean diet (MD). A significant reduction in cancer deaths (HR=0·64; 95 % CI 0·44, 0·94) was also observed, whereas the impact on CVD deaths was limited to an inverse, but not significant, trend. Biomarkers of low-grade inflammation were reduced in nut consumers but did not account for the association with mortality. In conclusion, nut intake was associated with reduced cancer and total mortality. The protection was stronger in individuals with lower adherence to MD, whereas it was similar in high-risk groups (diabetics, obese, smokers or those with the metabolic syndrome), as compared with low-risk subjects. Inflammation did not explain the observed relationship.

scholarly journals Dietary Pattern and Macronutrients Profile on the Variation of Inflammatory Biomarkers: Scientific Update

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brenda Kelly Souza Silveira ◽  
Thatianne Moreira Silva Oliveira ◽  
Patrícia Amaro Andrade ◽  
Helen Hermana Miranda Hermsdorff ◽  
Carla de Oliveira Barbosa Rosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Inflammatory Biomarkers ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Inflammatory State ◽  
Fat Diets ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation

It is known that the dietary pattern and macronutrients profile may influence the expression and secretion of inflammatory biomarkers, and the low-grade inflammation is associated with the manifestation of noncommunicable chronic diseases. Therefore, this review aimed to present and discuss the role of dietary patterns and macronutrients on the variation of inflammatory markers related to NCD risk. Scientific evidences within the last five years based on clinical trials, case-controls, cohorts, and cross-sectional studies indicate that normocaloric, carbohydrate-moderated, low-glycemic index, protein-moderated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acid-rich, omega-3, and low-saturated fat diets display positive effects on the inflammatory state, both in healthy individuals and in those with cardiovascular risk, although the second group seems to benefit more from changes in the dietary profile.

scholarly journals Inflammation-Related Mechanisms in Chronic Kidney Disease Prediction, Progression, and Outcome

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simona Mihai ◽  
Elena Codrici ◽  
Ionela Daniela Popescu ◽  
Ana-Maria Enciu ◽  
Lucian Albulescu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Public Health Burden ◽  
Inflammatory Status ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation ◽  
Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis

Persistent, low-grade inflammation is now considered a hallmark feature of chronic kidney disease (CKD), being involved in the development of all-cause mortality of these patients. Although substantial improvements have been made in clinical care, CKD remains a major public health burden, affecting 10–15% of the population, and its prevalence is constantly growing. Due to its insidious nature, CKD is rarely diagnosed in early stages, and once developed, its progression is unfortunately irreversible. There are many factors that contribute to the setting of the inflammatory status in CKD, including increased production of proinflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress and acidosis, chronic and recurrent infections, altered metabolism of adipose tissue, and last but not least, gut microbiota dysbiosis, an underestimated source of microinflammation. In this scenario, a huge step forward was made by the increasing progression of omics approaches, specially designed for identification of biomarkers useful for early diagnostic and follow-up. Recent omics advances could provide novel insights in deciphering the disease pathophysiology; thus, identification of circulating biomarker panels using state-of-the-art proteomic technologies could improve CKD early diagnosis, monitoring, and prognostics. This review aims to summarize the recent knowledge regarding the relationship between inflammation and CKD, highlighting the current proteomic approaches, as well as the inflammasomes and gut microbiota dysbiosis involvement in the setting of CKD, culminating with the troubling bidirectional connection between CKD and renal malignancy, raised on the background of an inflammatory condition.

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