scholarly journals Carbon-Based Materials in Photodynamic and Photothermal Therapies Applied to Tumor Destruction

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Karina J. Lagos ◽  
Hilde H. Buzzá ◽  
Vanderlei S. Bagnato ◽  
María Paulina Romero
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Quantum Dots ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Antitumor Action ◽  
Grand Challenge ◽  
Cancer Treatments ◽  
New Class ◽  
Tumor Destruction ◽  
Therapeutic Drugs ◽  
Made In ◽  
Carbon Based

Within phototherapy, a grand challenge in clinical cancer treatments is to develop a simple, cost-effective, and biocompatible approach to treat this disease using ultra-low doses of light. Carbon-based materials (CBM), such as graphene oxide (GO), reduced GO (r-GO), graphene quantum dots (GQDs), and carbon dots (C-DOTs), are rapidly emerging as a new class of therapeutic materials against cancer. This review summarizes the progress made in recent years regarding the applications of CBM in photodynamic (PDT) and photothermal (PTT) therapies for tumor destruction. The current understanding of the performance of modified CBM, hybrids and composites, is also addressed. This approach seeks to achieve an enhanced antitumor action by improving and modulating the properties of CBM to treat various types of cancer. Metal oxides, organic molecules, biopolymers, therapeutic drugs, among others, have been combined with CBM to treat cancer by PDT, PTT, or synergistic therapies.

scholarly journals Carbon-Based Materials in Photodynamic and Photothermal Therapies Applied to Tumor Destruction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karina Janeri Lagos ◽  
Hilde Harb Buzza ◽  
Vanderlei Salvador Bagnato ◽  
María Paulina Romero
Keyword(s):  
Organic Molecules ◽  
Graphene Quantum Dots ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Grand Challenge ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Cancer Treatments ◽  
New Class ◽  
Tumor Destruction ◽  
Therapeutic Drugs ◽  
Carbon Based

Within phototherapy, a grand challenge in clinical cancer treatments is to develop a simple, cost-effective, and biocompatible approach to treat this disease using ultra-low doses of light. Carbon-based materials (CBM), such as graphene oxide (GO), reduced GO (r-GO), graphene quantum dots (GQDs), and carbon dots (C-DOTs), are rapidly emerging as a new class of thera-peutic materials against cancer. This mini-review summarizes the progress in lasts years re-garding the applications of CBM in photodynamic (PDT) and photothermal (PTT) therapies for tumor destruction. The current understanding of the performance of modified CBM, hybrids and composites, is also addressed. This approach seeks to achieve an enhanced healing action by im-proving and modulating the properties of CBM to treat various types of cancer. Metal oxides, organic molecules, biopolymers, therapeutic drugs, among others, have been combined with CBM to treat cancer by PDT, PTT, or synergistic therapies.

scholarly journals Carbon-Based Materials in Photodynamic and Photothermal Therapies Applied to Tumor Destruction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karina Janeri Lagos ◽  
Hilde Harb Buzza ◽  
Vanderlei Salvador Bagnato ◽  
María Paulina Romero
Keyword(s):  
Organic Molecules ◽  
Graphene Quantum Dots ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Grand Challenge ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Cancer Treatments ◽  
New Class ◽  
Tumor Destruction ◽  
Therapeutic Drugs ◽  
Carbon Based

Within phototherapy, a grand challenge in clinical cancer treatments is to develop a simple, cost-effective, and biocompatible approach to treat this disease using ultra-low doses of light. Carbon-based materials (CBM), such as graphene oxide (GO), reduced GO (r-GO), graphene quantum dots (GQDs), and carbon dots (C-DOTs), are rapidly emerging as a new class of thera-peutic materials against cancer. This mini-review summarizes the progress in lasts years re-garding the applications of CBM in photodynamic (PDT) and photothermal (PTT) therapies for tumor destruction. The current understanding of the performance of modified CBM, hybrids and composites, is also addressed. This approach seeks to achieve an enhanced healing action by im-proving and modulating the properties of CBM to treat various types of cancer. Metal oxides, organic molecules, biopolymers, therapeutic drugs, among others, have been combined with CBM to treat cancer by PDT, PTT, or synergistic therapies.

scholarly journals Carbon-Based Quantum Dots for Electrochemical Detection of Monoamine Neurotransmitters—Review

Biosensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 162
Author(s):  
Saheed E. Elugoke ◽  
Abolanle S. Adekunle ◽  
Omolola E. Fayemi ◽  
Bhekie B. Mamba ◽  
El-Sayed M. Sherif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Dots ◽  
Electrochemical Sensors ◽  
Graphene Quantum Dots ◽  
Good Sensitivity ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Monoamine Neurotransmitters ◽  
Good Electrocatalytic Activity ◽  
Low Cytotoxicity ◽  
Made In ◽  
Carbon Based

Imbalance in the levels of monoamine neurotransmitters have manifested in severe health issues. Electrochemical sensors have been designed for their determination, with good sensitivity recorded. Carbon-based quantum dots have proven to be an important component of electrochemical sensors due to their high conductivity, low cytotoxicity and opto-electronic properties. The quest for more sensitive electrodes with cheaper materials led to the development of electrochemical sensors based on carbon-based quantum dots for the detection of neurotransmitters. The importance of monoamine neurotransmitters (NTs) and the good electrocatalytic activity of carbon and graphene quantum dots (CQDs and GQDs) make the review of the efforts made in the design of such sensors for monoamine NTs of huge necessity. The differences and the similarities between these two quantum dots are highlighted prior to a discussion of their application in electrochemical sensors over the last ten years. Compared to other monoamine NTs, dopamine (DA) was the most studied with GQDs and CQD-based electrochemical sensors.

A Review on Important Histone Acetyltransferase (HAT) Enzymes as Targets for Cancer Therapy

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 120-130
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ghanbari ◽  
Reza Safaralizadeh ◽  
Kiyanoush Mohammadi
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Histone Acetyltransferase ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Cancer Treatments ◽  
Control Of Gene Expression ◽  
Post Translational Modifications ◽  
Therapeutic Drugs ◽  
The Status ◽  
Acetyl Group ◽  
Increase Gene Expression

At the present time, cancer is one of the most lethal diseases worldwide. There are various factors involved in the development of cancer, including genetic factors, lifestyle, nutrition, and so on. Recent studies have shown that epigenetic factors have a critical role in the initiation and development of tumors. The histone post-translational modifications (PTMs) such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and other PTMs are important mechanisms that regulate the status of chromatin structure and this regulation leads to the control of gene expression. The histone acetylation is conducted by histone acetyltransferase enzymes (HATs), which are involved in transferring an acetyl group to conserved lysine amino acids of histones and consequently increase gene expression. On the basis of similarity in catalytic domains of HATs, these enzymes are divided into different groups such as families of GNAT, MYST, P300/CBP, SRC/P160, and so on. These enzymes have effective roles in apoptosis, signaling pathways, metastasis, cell cycle, DNA repair and other related mechanisms deregulated in cancer. Abnormal activation of HATs leads to uncontrolled amplification of cells and incidence of malignancy signs. This indicates that HAT might be an important target for effective cancer treatments, and hence there would be a need for further studies and designing of therapeutic drugs on this basis. In this study, we have reviewed the important roles of HATs in different human malignancies.

scholarly journals NOD: a web server to predict New use of Old Drugs to facilitate drug repurposing

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tarun Jairaj Narwani ◽  
Narayanaswamy Srinivasan ◽  
Sohini Chakraborti
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Space ◽  
Web Server ◽  
Drug Repurposing ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Evolutionary Information ◽  
Cost Effective Alternative ◽  
Similarity Searches ◽  
Old Drugs ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Made In

AbstractComputational methods accelerate the drug repurposing pipelines that are a quicker and cost-effective alternative to discovering new molecules. However, there is a paucity of web servers to conduct fast, focussed, and customized investigations for identifying new uses of old drugs. We present the NOD web server, which has the mentioned characteristics. NOD uses a sensitive sequence-guided approach to identify close and distant homologs of a protein of interest. NOD then exploits this evolutionary information to suggest potential compounds from the DrugBank database that can be repurposed against the input protein. NOD also allows expansion of the chemical space of the potential candidates through similarity searches. We have validated the performance of NOD against available experimental and/or clinical reports. In 65.6% of the investigated cases in a control study, NOD is able to identify drugs more effectively than the searches made in DrugBank. NOD is freely-available at http://pauling.mbu.iisc.ac.in/NOD/NOD/.

Graphene quantum dots supported by graphene oxide as a sensitive fluorescence nanosensor for cytochrome c detection and intracellular imaging

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (31) ◽  
pp. 6300-6306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Cao ◽  
Xiangqing Li ◽  
Lixia Qin ◽  
Shi-Zhao Kang ◽  
Guodong Li
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Dots ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Cytochrome C ◽  
Graphene Quantum Dots ◽  
A549 Cells ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Fluorescence Sensor ◽  
Intracellular Imaging ◽  
New Class ◽  
Sensitivity And Selectivity

A new class of Cyt c detection fluorescence sensor based on graphene quantum dots supported by graphene oxide has been facilely developed. The sensor shows a high sensitivity and selectivity for Cyt c detection, and further exhibits favorable intracellular imaging in A549 cells.

The Offshore Supply Vessel as a Naval Auxiliary

1975 ◽  
Vol 12 (04) ◽  
pp. 405-416
Author(s):  
Salvadore J. Guarino
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
New Class

In the late 1960's the expanded international search for petroleum imposed new and rigorous demands on the offshore supply vessel. These vessels entered a phase of their evolution which has resulted in a class of vessel proven to be remarkably versatile and cost effective. This paper reviews the history and development of the offshore supply boat and describes the features and capabilities of these vessels which the author believes will enable them to serve as a new class of naval auxiliary capable of multimission utilization.

Neonatal Cholestasis: Updates on Diagnostics, Therapeutics, and Prevention

NeoReviews ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. e819-e836
Author(s):  
Amy G. Feldman ◽  
Ronald J. Sokol
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Biliary Atresia ◽  
Young Infant ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Bloodstream Infections ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Central Line ◽  
Primary Indication ◽  
Effective Diagnosis ◽  
Made In

Cholestatic jaundice is a common presenting feature of hepatobiliary and/or metabolic dysfunction in the newborn and young infant. Timely detection of cholestasis, followed by rapid step-wise evaluation to determine the etiology, is crucial to identify those causes that are amenable to medical or surgical intervention and to optimize outcomes for all infants. In the past 2 decades, genetic etiologies have been elucidated for many cholestatic diseases, and next-generation sequencing, whole-exome sequencing, and whole-genome sequencing now allow for relatively rapid and cost-effective diagnosis of conditions not previously identifiable via standard blood tests and/or liver biopsy. Advances have also been made in our understanding of risk factors for parenteral nutrition–associated cholestasis/liver disease. New lipid emulsion formulations, coupled with preventive measures to decrease central line–associated bloodstream infections, have resulted in lower rates of cholestasis and liver disease in infants and children receiving long-term parental nutrition. Unfortunately, little progress has been made in determining the exact cause of biliary atresia. The median age at the time of the hepatoportoenterostomy procedure is still greater than 60 days; consequently, biliary atresia remains the primary indication for pediatric liver transplantation. Several emerging therapies may reduce the bile acid load to the liver and improve outcomes in some neonatal cholestatic disorders. The goal of this article is to review the etiologies, diagnostic algorithms, and current and future management strategies for infants with cholestasis.

Removeal of Arsenic(III) from Water by Using a New Class of Zero-Valent Iron Modified Mesoporous Silica Molecular Sieves SBA-15

2011 ◽  
Vol 356-360 ◽  
pp. 423-429
Author(s):  
Meng Ye ◽  
Jin Huang ◽  
Rui Chen ◽  
Qi Zhuang He
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Sieves ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Zero Valent Iron ◽  
Preparation Process ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Wet Impregnation ◽  
X Ray ◽  
New Class ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Removal Of Arsenic

An elevated arsenic (As) content in groundwater imposes a great threat to people worldwide. Thus, developing new and cost-effective methods to remove As from groundwater and drinking water becomes a priority. Using Zero-Valent iron (ZVI) to remove As from water is a proven technology. In this study, ZVI modified SBA-15 mesoporous silicamolecular sieves (ZVI-SBA-15), was prepared, characterized, and used for removing arsenic from water. Wet impregnation, drying, and calcination steps led to iron inclusion within the mesopores. Iron oxide was reduced to ZVI by NaBH4, and the ZVI modified SBA-15 was obtained. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed the preparation process of the nitrate to oxide forms. The structure of the materials was confirmed by Powder X-ray diffraction. Its data indicated that the structure of ZVI-SBA-15 retained the host SBA-15 structure. Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis revealed a decrease in surface area and pore size, indicating ZVI-SBA-15 coating on the inner surfaces. Transmission electron micrographs also confirmed that modified SBA-15 retained the structure of the parent SBA-15 silica.It has a high uptake capability(more than 90 pecent) make it potentially attractive absorbent for the removal of arsenic from water.

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