scholarly journals Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, Senescence in Atherosclerosis: Thioredoxine-1 as an Emerging Therapeutic Target

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Khadija El Hadri ◽  
Rémy Smith ◽  
Eric Duplus ◽  
Chahrazade El Amri
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Atherosclerotic Plaque ◽  
Therapeutic Option ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Ldl Particles ◽  
Antioxidant Agents ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
The Impact

Atherosclerosis is a leading cause of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) worldwide and intimately linked to aging. This pathology is characterized by chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, gradual accumulation of low-density lipoproteins (LDL) particles and fibrous elements in focal areas of large and medium arteries. These fibrofatty lesions in the artery wall become progressively unstable and thrombogenic leading to heart attack, stroke or other severe heart ischemic syndromes. Elevated blood levels of LDL are major triggering events for atherosclerosis. A cascade of molecular and cellular events results in the atherosclerotic plaque formation, evolution, and rupture. Moreover, the senescence of multiple cell types present in the vasculature were reported to contribute to atherosclerotic plaque progression and destabilization. Classical therapeutic interventions consist of lipid-lowering drugs, anti-inflammatory and life style dispositions. Moreover, targeting oxidative stress by developing innovative antioxidant agents or boosting antioxidant systems is also a well-established strategy. Accumulation of senescent cells (SC) is also another important feature of atherosclerosis and was detected in various models. Hence, targeting SCs appears as an emerging therapeutic option, since senolytic agents favorably disturb atherosclerotic plaques. In this review, we propose a survey of the impact of inflammation, oxidative stress, and senescence in atherosclerosis; and the emerging therapeutic options, including thioredoxin-based approaches such as anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-atherogenic strategy with promising potential of senomodulation.

scholarly journals Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Exercise in Diabetic Patients

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeid Golbidi ◽  
Mohammad Badran ◽  
Ismail Laher
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Vascular Complications ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Related Factor ◽  
Epidemiologic Evidence ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Shock Proteins ◽  
The Impact

Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease which is characterized by absolute or relative deficiencies in insulin secretion and/or insulin action. The key roles of oxidative stress and inflammation in the progression of vascular complications of this disease are well recognized. Accumulating epidemiologic evidence confirms that physical inactivity is an independent risk factor for insulin resistance and type II diabetes. This paper briefly reviews the pathophysiological pathways associated with oxidative stress and inflammation in diabetes mellitus and then discusses the impact of exercise on these systems. In this regard, we discuss exercise induced activation of cellular antioxidant systems through “nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor.” We also discuss anti-inflammatory myokines, which are produced and released by contracting muscle fibers. Antiapoptotic, anti-inflammatory and chaperon effects of exercise-induced heat shock proteins are also reviewed.

Mycotoxin Deactivator Improves Performance, Antioxidant Status, and Reduces Oxidative Stress in Nursery Pigs Fed Diets Containing Mycotoxins

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika Vivian Santos ◽  
Dalton Oliveira Fontes ◽  
Mara da Silveira Benfato ◽  
Fernanda Schäfer Hackenharr ◽  
Tiago Salomon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
Contamination Level ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Nursery Pigs ◽  
Inclusion Rate ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Ingestion of mycotoxins can result in many problems, including decreased growth rates and immune suppression. The present study aimed to evaluate the impact of the supplementation of a mycotoxin deactivator composed by adsorbent clay minerals, inactivated fermentation extracts of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, blend of antioxidants, organic acids and botanicals in diets containing added mycotoxins for nursery pigs on their performance and antioxidant status. Ninety pigs weaned with 24 days of age (7.12 ± 0.68 kg of BW) were used. Pigs were housed in pens of 3 animals each according to body weight, litter origin and sex. The dietary treatments consisted of feeding the pigs with: a standard control diet as negative control (NC; mycotoxin levels at accepted regulatory Brazilian Ministry of Agriculture standards Deoxynivalenol (DON): <100 ug/ kg; Zearalenone (ZEA): <20 ug/ kg Fumonisins (FB): <1 mg/ kg); the standard diet added with mycotoxins to reach a low contamination level considered as positive low (PCL-; DON: 900 ug/ kg; ZEA: 100 ug/ kg; FB: 5,000 ug/ kg) without deactivator; a positive low added the deactivator at an inclusion rate of 1 kg/ ton (PCL+); the standard diet added with mycotoxins to reach a high contamination level considered as positive high (PCH-; DON: 4,500 ug/ kg; ZEA: 500 ug/ kg; FB: 18,000 ug/ kg) without the deactivator; and a positive high added the deactivator at an inclusion rate of 5 kg/ ton (PCH+). Pigs were individually weighed at the beginning and at the end of each phase and feed intake recorded based on daily pen intake during the experiment. On d 7, 19, 34 and 43 post-weaning blood samples were drawn for antioxidant analyses. Antioxidant enzymes (glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and total superoxide dismutase (TSOD)), vitamins (Vit A, E, and C), and malondialdehyde (MDA)) were evaluated in erythrocyte and plasma samples. Pigs challenged with mycotoxins presented lower performance traits, decrease in the efficiency of central antioxidant systems (↓GPx, ↓TSOD, ↓Vit A, ↓Vit E and ↓Vit C) and a higher oxidative damage to lipids (↑MDA) when compared to the control and deactivator associated treatments. Our findings showed that the use of a mycotoxin deactivator can mitigate the negative impacts on performance and oxidative stress when animals are subjected to diets contaminated by different levels of mycotoxins.

scholarly journals Antioxidative, Antiapoptotic, and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Apamin in a Murine Model of Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Kidney Injury

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (23) ◽  
pp. 5717 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jung-Yeon Kim ◽  
Jaechan Leem ◽  
Kwan-Kyu Park
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Therapeutic Option ◽  
Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Heme Oxygenase 1 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Sepsis is the major cause of acute kidney injury (AKI) in severely ill patients, but only limited therapeutic options are available. During sepsis, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), an endotoxin derived from bacteria, activates signaling cascades involved in inflammatory responses and tissue injury. Apamin is a component of bee venom and has been shown to exert antioxidative, antiapoptotic, and anti-inflammatory activities. However, the effect of apamin on LPS-induced AKI has not been elucidated. Here, we show that apamin treatment significantly ameliorated renal dysfunction and histological injury, especially tubular injury, in LPS-injected mice. Apamin also suppressed LPS-induced oxidative stress through modulating the expression of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 4 and heme oxygenase-1. Moreover, tubular cell apoptosis with caspase-3 activation in LPS-injected mice was significantly attenuated by apamin. Apamin also inhibited cytokine production and immune cell accumulation, suppressed toll-like receptor 4 pathway, and downregulated vascular adhesion molecules. Taken together, these results suggest that apamin ameliorates LPS-induced renal injury through inhibiting oxidative stress, apoptosis of tubular epithelial cells, and inflammation. Apamin might be a potential therapeutic option for septic AKI.

scholarly journals Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Potential of Polyphenols Contained in Mediterranean Diet in Obesity: Molecular Mechanisms

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 985 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdelhafid Nani ◽  
Babar Murtaza ◽  
Amira Sayed Khan ◽  
Naim Akhtar Khan ◽  
Aziz Hichami
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Nutrition Transition ◽  
Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate ◽  
Metabolic Inflammation ◽  
Dietary Polyphenols ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
The Impact

Nutrition transition can be defined as shifts in food habits, and it is characterized by high-fat (chiefly saturated animal fat), hypercaloric and salty food consumption at the expense of dietary fibers, minerals and vitamins. Western dietary patterns serve as a model for studying the impact of nutrition transition on civilization diseases, such as obesity, which is commonly associated with oxidative stress and inflammation. In fact, reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction can be associated with nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB)-mediated inflammation in obesity. NF-κB regulates gene expression of several oxidant-responsive adipokines including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Moreover, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), which plays a pivotal role in energy homeostasis and in modulation of metabolic inflammation, can be downregulated by IκB kinase (IKK)-dependent TNF-α activation. On the other hand, adherence to a Mediterranean-style diet is highly encouraged because of its healthy dietary pattern, which includes antioxidant nutraceuticals such as polyphenols. Indeed, hydroxycinnamic derivatives, quercetin, resveratrol, oleuropein and hydroxytyrosol, which are well known for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, exert anti-obesity proprieties. In this review, we highlight the impact of the most common polyphenols from Mediterranean foods on molecular mechanisms that mediate obesity-related oxidative stress and inflammation. Hence, we discuss the effects of these polyphenols on a number of signaling pathways. We note that Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) dietary polyphenols can de-regulate nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase (NOX) and NF-κB-mediated oxidative stress, and metabolic inflammation. MedDiet polyphenols are also effective in upregulating downstream effectors of several proteins, chiefly AMPK.

scholarly journals Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Caralluma Acutangula (Decne.) N.E.Br Extracts, a Medicinal Plant from Burkina Faso

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 155-161
Author(s):  
Pare Dramane ◽  
N’do Jotham Yhi-pênê ◽  
Hilou Adama
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Xanthine Oxidase ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
Nmri Mouse ◽  
Good Activity ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Plants have always played an important role in health care in Africa. The stress, a situation of imbalance between oxidizing and antioxidant systems in favor of the prooxidants is responsible for the installation of several pathologies such as cancers, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes ... The objective of this study was to highlight the presence Secondary metabolites in C. acutangula extract and determine its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential. For the determination of the acute toxicity of the extract, a dose of 2000 mg / kg was administered to the NMRI Mouse. The methods of screening were used to detect secondary metabolites like tannins, steroids and terpen, flavonoids, coumarins. The antioxidant capacity was evaluated in vitro by determining the ability of the extract to inhibit lipid peroxidation, hydrogen peroxide, degradation of deoxyribose. The anti-inflammatory potential was evaluated on lipoxygenase and xanthine oxidase. Acute toxicity evaluated in NMRI mice showed that the ethanolic extract of C. acutangula show no toxicity. Tannins, steroids and terpen, flavonoids, coumarins have been detected in the extracts. C. acutangula showed good activity with an inhibition of 50.71 ± 2.51% at 100 μg / ml on lipid peroxidation, of 66.105 ± 1.26% on deoxyribose degradation and 8.625 ± 1.09% on hydrogen peroxide. It showed good activity on xanthine oxidase with an 81.5 ± 5.5% inhibition. For the effect on lipoxygenase it gave an inhibition of the enzyme at 43.11 ± 3.4%. This potential could be used in the fight against inflammatory diseases and that due to oxidative stress. Keywords: antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation

scholarly journals Lowering blood cholesterol does not affect neuroinflammation in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
solenne vigne ◽  
Donovan Duc ◽  
Yannick Yersin ◽  
Jessica Rebeaud ◽  
Florian Ruiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis ◽  
Cholesterol Level ◽  
Blood Cholesterol ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Disease Course ◽  
Blood Cholesterol Level ◽  
Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Experimental Autoimmune

Abstract Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disabling disease of the central nervous system (CNS) commonly affecting young adults. There is increasing evidence that environmental factors are important in the development and course of MS. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) including dyslipidemia has been associated with a worse outcome in MS disease. Furthermore, the lipid lowering drugs statins have been proposed to improve MS disease course. However, cholesterol is also rate-limiting for myelin biogenesis and promotes remyelination in MS animal models. Thus, the impact of circulating blood cholesterol level during the disease remains debated and controversial. Methods: We assessed the role of circulating cholesterol on the murine model of MS, the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) disease using two different approaches: 1) the mouse model of familial hypercholesterolemia induced by low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLr) deficiency, and 2) the use of the monoclonal anti-PCSK9 neutralizing antibody alirocumab which reduces LDLr degradation and consequently lowers blood levels of cholesterol. Results: Elevated blood cholesterol levels induced by LDLr deficiency did not worsen clinical symptoms of mice during EAE. In addition, we observed that the anti-PCSK9 antibody alirocumab did not influence EAE disease course, nor modulate the immune response in EAE. Conclusions: These findings suggest that blood cholesterol level has no direct role in neuro-inflammatory diseases and that the previously shown protective effects of statins in MS are not related to circulating cholesterol.

scholarly journals Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Chronic Kidney Disease—Potential Therapeutic Role of Minerals, Vitamins and Plant-Derived Metabolites

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shara Francesca Rapa ◽  
Biagio Raffaele Di Iorio ◽  
Pietro Campiglia ◽  
August Heidland ◽  
Stefania Marzocco
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Antioxidant Agents ◽  
Antioxidative Agents ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a debilitating pathology with various causal factors, culminating in end stage renal disease (ESRD) requiring dialysis or kidney transplantation. The progression of CKD is closely associated with systemic inflammation and oxidative stress, which are responsible for the manifestation of numerous complications such as malnutrition, atherosclerosis, coronary artery calcification, heart failure, anemia and mineral and bone disorders, as well as enhanced cardiovascular mortality. In addition to conventional therapy with anti-inflammatory and antioxidative agents, growing evidence has indicated that certain minerals, vitamins and plant-derived metabolites exhibit beneficial effects in these disturbances. In the current work, we review the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of various agents which could be of potential benefit in CKD/ESRD. However, the related studies were limited due to small sample sizes and short-term follow-up in many trials. Therefore, studies of several anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agents with long-term follow-ups are necessary.

The impact of antioxidant agents complimentary to periodontal therapy on oxidative stress and periodontal outcomes: A systematic review

2015 ◽  
Vol 60 (9) ◽  
pp. 1203-1214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Wilker Mustafa Gomes Muniz ◽  
Sergiana Barbosa Nogueira ◽  
Francisco Lucas Vasconcelos Mendes ◽  
Cassiano Kuchenbecker Rösing ◽  
Maria Mônica Studart Mendes Moreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Periodontal Therapy ◽  
Antioxidant Agents ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Effect of Chronic Exposure to Prometryne on Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Response in Red Swamp Crayfish (Procambarus clarkii)

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alžběta Stará ◽  
Antonín Kouba ◽  
Josef Velíšek
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Chronic Exposure ◽  
Prolonged Exposure ◽  
Procambarus Clarkii ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Red Swamp Crayfish ◽  
The Impact

The aim of the study was to investigate effects of the triazine herbicide prometryne on red swamp crayfish on the basis of oxidative stress, antioxidant indices in hepatopancreas and muscle, and histopathology of hepatopancreas. Crayfish were exposed to prometryne concentrations of 0.51 μg L−1, 0.144 mg L−1, and 1.144 mg L−1for 11 and 25 days. Indices of oxidative stress (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS)), and antioxidant parameters (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione reductase (GR)) in crayfish muscle and hepatopancreas were measured. Chronic exposure to prometryne did not showed the impact of oxidative damage to cells. Changes activity of the antioxidant enzymes SOD, CAT, and GR were observed in all tested concentrations to prometryne for 11 and 25 days (P<0.01) as compared with the control group. We did not see any differences in histopatological examination to hepatopancreas. Prolonged exposure of prometryne did not result in oxidative damage to cell lipids and proteins, but it led to changes in antioxidant activity in crayfish tissues. Changes in antioxidant systems were also observed in the environmental prometryne concentration of 0.51 μg L−1. The results suggest that antioxidant responses may have potential as biomarkers for monitoring residual triazine herbicides in aquatic environments.

scholarly journals The Impact of Oxidative Stress in Human Pathology: Focus on Gastrointestinal Disorders

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 201
Author(s):  
Rosa Vona ◽  
Lucia Pallotta ◽  
Martina Cappelletti ◽  
Carola Severi ◽  
Paola Matarrese
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disorders ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
New Techniques ◽  
Human Pathology ◽  
Substantial Progress ◽  
The Impact

Accumulating evidence shows that oxidative stress plays an essential role in the pathogenesis and progression of many diseases. The imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the antioxidant systems has been extensively studied in pulmonary, neurodegenerative cardiovascular disorders; however, its contribution is still debated in gastrointestinal disorders. Evidence suggests that oxidative stress affects gastrointestinal motility in obesity, and post-infectious disorders by favoring the smooth muscle phenotypic switch toward a synthetic phenotype. The aim of this review is to gain insight into the role played by oxidative stress in gastrointestinal pathologies (GIT), and the involvement of ROS in the signaling underlying the muscular alterations of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). In addition, potential therapeutic strategies based on the use of antioxidants for the treatment of inflammatory gastrointestinal diseases are reviewed and discussed. Although substantial progress has been made in identifying new techniques capable of assessing the presence of oxidative stress in humans, the biochemical-molecular mechanisms underlying GIT mucosal disorders are not yet well defined. Therefore, further studies are needed to clarify the mechanisms through which oxidative stress-related signaling can contribute to the alteration of the GIT mucosa in order to devise effective preventive and curative therapeutic strategies

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document