scholarly journals Identification and Expression of Inward-Rectifying Potassium Channel Subunits in Plutella xylostella

Insects ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyi Lai ◽  
Jie Xu ◽  
Haihao Ma ◽  
Zheming Liu ◽  
Wei Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plutella Xylostella ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Gene Expression Profiles ◽  
Malpighian Tubules ◽  
Orthologous Genes ◽  
New Class ◽  
Kir Channel ◽  
Inward Rectifying Potassium Channel ◽  
First Time ◽  
Silk Secretion

In insects, inward-rectifying potassium (Kir) channels regulate vital physiological functions, such as feeding behavior, silk secretion, renal excretion, and immune function. Therefore, they offer promising potential as targets for insecticides. Three types of Kir subunits have been identified in Diptera and Hemiptera, but the Kir subunits of Lepidoptera still remain unclear. This study identified five Kir subunit genes (pxkir1, pxkir2, pxkir3A, pxkir3B, and pxkir4) in the transcriptome of Plutella xylostella. Phylogenetic analysis identified pxkir1, pxkir2, pxkir3A, and pxkir3B as orthologous genes of kir1–3 in other insects. Interestingly, pxkir4 may be encoding a new class of Kir subunit in Lepidoptera that has not been reported to date. To identify further Kir channel subunits of P. xylostella, the gene expression profiles of five pxkir genes were studied by quantitative real-time PCR. These pxkir genes are expressed throughout the development of P. xylostella. pxkir1 and pxkir2 were highly expressed in thoraxes and legs, while pxkir3 (3A and 3B) and pxkir4 had high expression levels in the midgut and Malpighian tubules. This study identified the composition and distribution of Kir subunits in P. xylostella for the first time, and provides useful information for the further study of Kir channel subunits in Lepidoptera.

scholarly journals Time Dependent Gene Expression Changes in the Liver of Mice Treated with Benzene

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. BMI.S590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han-Jin Park ◽  
Jung Hwa Oh ◽  
Seokjoo Yoon ◽  
S.V.S. Rana
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Gene Expression Profiles ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Expression Data ◽  
Benzene Exposure ◽  
Microarray Analyses ◽  
First Time ◽  
Affymetrix Gene Chip

Benzene is used as a general purpose solvent. Benzene metabolism starts from phenol and ends with p-benzoquinone and o-benzoquinone. Liver injury inducted by benzene still remains a toxicologic problem. Tumor related genes and immune responsive genes have been studied in patients suffering from benzene exposure. However, gene expression profiles and pathways related to its hepatotoxicity are not known. This study reports the results obtained in the liver of BALB/C mice (SLC, Inc., Japan) administered 0.05 ml/100 g body weight of 2% benzene for six days. Serum, ALT, AST and ALP were determined using automated analyzer (Fuji., Japan). Histopathological observations were made to support gene expression data. c-DNA microarray analyses were performed using Affymetrix Gene-chip system. After six days of benzene exposure, twenty five genes were down regulated whereas nineteen genes were up-regulated. These gene expression changes were found to be related to pathways of biotransformation, detoxification, apoptosis, oxidative stress and cell cycle. It has been shown for the first time that genes corresponding to circadian rhythms are affected by benzene. Results suggest that gene expression profile might serve as potential biomarkers of hepatotoxicity during benzene exposure.

scholarly journals Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of Different Dendrobium Species Reveals Active Ingredients-Related Genes and Pathways

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 861 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingdan Yuan ◽  
Bo Zhang ◽  
Xinggang Tang ◽  
Jinchi Zhang ◽  
Jie Lin
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Gene Expression Profiles ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Active Ingredients ◽  
Hub Genes ◽  
Transcriptome Database ◽  
Gene Modules ◽  
Functional Investigation ◽  
First Time

Dendrobium is widely used in traditional Chinese medicine, which contains many kinds of active ingredients. In recent years, many Dendrobium transcriptomes have been sequenced. Hence, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was used with the gene expression profiles of active ingredients to identify the modules and genes that may associate with particular species and tissues. Three kinds of Dendrobium species and three tissues were sampled for RNA-seq to generate a high-quality, full-length transcriptome database. Based on significant changes in gene expression, we constructed co-expression networks and revealed 19 gene modules. Among them, four modules with properties correlating to active ingredients regulation and biosynthesis, and several hub genes were selected for further functional investigation. This is the first time the WGCNA method has been used to analyze Dendrobium transcriptome data. Further excavation of the gene module information will help us to further study the role and significance of key genes, key signaling pathways, and regulatory mechanisms between genes on the occurrence and development of medicinal components of Dendrobium.

scholarly journals The origin, fate and function of macrophages in the peripheral nervous system—an update

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (11) ◽  
pp. 709-717 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukas Amann ◽  
Marco Prinz
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Rna Sequencing ◽  
Peripheral Nervous System ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Gene Expression Profiles ◽  
New Techniques ◽  
Macrophage Populations ◽  
And Function ◽  
First Time

Abstract The field of macrophage biology has made enormous progress over recent years. This was triggered by the advent of several new techniques such as the establishment of Cre/loxP-based transgenic mouse models that allowed for the first time delineation of the ontogeny and function of specific macrophage populations across many tissues. In addition, the introduction of new high-throughput technologies like bulk RNA sequencing and later single-cell RNA sequencing as well as advances in epigenetic analysis have helped to establish gene expression profiles, enhancer landscapes and local signaling cues that define and shape the identity of diverse macrophage populations. Nonetheless, some macrophage populations, like the ones residing in the peripheral nervous system (PNS), have not been studied in such detail yet. Here, we discuss recent studies that shed new light on the ontogeny, heterogeneity and gene expression profiles of resident macrophages in peripheral nerves and described differential activation of macrophage subsets during and after acute sciatic nerve injury.

Dynamic changes in gene expression profiles of 22q11 and related orthologous genes during mouse development

Gene ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 391 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 91-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Amati ◽  
Michela Biancolella ◽  
Alessio Farcomeni ◽  
Stefania Giallonardi ◽  
Susana Bueno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Gene Expression Profiles ◽  
Mouse Development ◽  
Orthologous Genes ◽  
Dynamic Changes

In vivo changes in gene expression profiles (GEP) after bortezomib (V) for multiple myeloma (MM): Differential effects on plasma cells (PC) and micro-environment (ME)

2006 ◽  
Vol 24 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 7603-7603
Author(s):  
J. D. Shaughnessy ◽  
F. Zhan ◽  
Y. Huang ◽  
B. Barlogie
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Gene Expression Profiles ◽  
Bone Marrow Biopsies ◽  
Over Expression ◽  
Early Growth Response ◽  
Cells Of The Microenvironment ◽  
In Vivo Effects ◽  
First Time

7603 Introduction: V, a proteasome inhibitor with potent anti-myeloma activity, is thought to act through effects on malignant PC and the ME. However, the in vivo effects of this drug have never been examined at the molecular level. Methods: Serial GEP analyses were performed of paired purified PC and bone marrow biopsies from 46 patients, obtained prior to and 48hr following administration of a single V dose at 1mg/m2. RNA was isolated from whole biopsies and purified PCs from each sample, converted to cRNA, and hybridized to Affymetrix U133 Plus2 microarrays. SAM analysis with 5% false discovery rate was employed to identify drug-altered genes. Results: Following V, 36 ME-associated genes (MAGs) were up-regulated, among them the osteoinductive factor osteoglycin (OGN), consistent with a V effect on osteoblastogenesis; CYR61, an angiogenesis inducer, significantly over-expressed in myeloma relative to normal marrow, was one of only 3 significantly down-regulated genes. V is known to induce expression of proteasome genes and PSMA6, PSMA1, and PSMA14 were among 15 genes up-regulated in PC. In contrast, early growth response (EGR1, EGR2, and EGR3), Krupple-like factor (KLR4, KLR5, KLR6, and KLR7) and nuclear receptor (NR4A1, NR4A2, and NR4A3) family members were down-regulated in PC by V. These differential PC and ME expression changes were only noted in low-risk MM, lacking over-expression of CKS1B. Conclusion: We report here, for the first time, on the differential molecular consequences of a single in-vivo dose of V on both tumor cells and cells of the microenvironment. The clinical implications of these findings are being further investigated and will be presented. [Table: see text]

scholarly journals Phenotypic and genomic analysis of multiple myeloma minimal residual disease tumor cells: a new model to understand chemoresistance

Blood ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 127 (15) ◽  
pp. 1896-1906 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Paiva ◽  
Luis A. Corchete ◽  
Maria-Belen Vidriales ◽  
Noemi Puig ◽  
Patricia Maiso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Residual Disease ◽  
Clonal Selection ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Gene Expression Profiles ◽  
Genomic Analysis ◽  
Biological Features ◽  
Key Points ◽  
First Time ◽  
Minimal Residual

Key Points We report for the first time the biological features of MRD cells in MM and unravel that clonal selection is already present at the MRD stage. MRD cells show a singular phenotypic signature that may result from persisting clones with different genetic and gene expression profiles.

scholarly journals Putative Multifunctional Signature of Lung Metastases in Dedifferentiated Chondrosarcoma

Sarcoma ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey Malchenko ◽  
Elisabeth A. Seftor ◽  
Yuri Nikolsky ◽  
Susan L. Hasegawa ◽  
Sean Kuo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Lung Metastases ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Gene Expression Profiles ◽  
Dedifferentiated Chondrosarcoma ◽  
Lung Lesions ◽  
Metastatic Lung ◽  
The Individual ◽  
First Time ◽  
Aggressive Subtype

Chondrosarcomas are among the most malignant skeletal tumors. Dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma is a highly aggressive subtype of chondrosarcoma, with lung metastases developing within a few months of diagnosis in 90% of patients. In this paper we performed comparative analyses of the transcriptomes of five individual metastatic lung lesions that were surgically resected from a patient with dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma. We document for the first time a high heterogeneity of gene expression profiles among the individual lung metastases. Moreover, we reveal a signature of “multifunctional” genes that are expressed in all metastatic lung lesions. Also, for the first time, we document the occurrence of massive macrophage infiltration in dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma lung metastases.

scholarly journals Genome-wide identification of microRNAs involved in the somatic embryogenesis of Eucalyptus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zihai Qin ◽  
Junji Li ◽  
Ye Zhang ◽  
Yufei Xiao ◽  
Xiaoning Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Gene Expression Profiles ◽  
Target Prediction ◽  
Small Rna Sequencing ◽  
Eucalyptus Species ◽  
Mirna Regulation ◽  
Small Noncoding Rnas ◽  
First Time ◽  
Dedifferentiation Process

Abstract MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs (18∼24 nt) and function in many biological processes in plants. Although Eucalyptus trees are widely planted across the world, our understanding of the miRNA regulation in the somatic embryogenesis (SE) of Eucalyptus is still poor. Here we reported, for the first time, the miRNA profiles of differentiated and dedifferentiated tissues of two Eucalyptus species and identified miRNAs involved in SE of Eucalyptus. Stem and tissue-culture induced callus were obtained from the subculture seedlings of E. camaldulensis and E. grandis x urophylla, and were used as differentiated and dedifferentiated samples, respectively. Small RNA sequencing generated 304.2 million clean reads for the Eucalyptus samples (n = 3) and identified 888 miRNA precursors (197 known and 691 novel) for Eucalyptus. These miRNAs were mainly distributed in chromosomes Chr03, Chr05 and Chr08, and can produce 46 miRNA clusters. Then, we identified 327 and 343 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRs) in the dedifferentiation process of E. camaldulensis and E. grandis x urophylla, respectively. DEmiRs shared by the two Eucalyptus species might be involved in the development of embryonic callus, such as MIR156, MIR159, MIR160, MIR164, MIR166, MIR169, MIR171, MIR399 and MIR482. Notably, we identified 81 up-regulated and 67 down-regulated miRNAs specific to E. camaldulensis, which might be associated with the high embryogenic potential. Target prediction and functional analysis showed they might be involved in longevity regulating and plant hormone signal transduction pathways. Further, using the gene expression profiles we observed the negative regulation of miRNA∼target pairs, such as MIR160∼ARF18, MIR396∼GRF6, MIR166∼ATHB15/HD-ZIP and MIR156/MIR157∼SPL1. Interestingly, transcription factors such as WRKY, MYB, GAMYB, TCP4 and PIL1 were found to be regulated by the DEmiRs. The genes encoding PIL1 and RPS21C, regulated by up-regulated miRNAs (e.g., egd-N-miR63-5p, egd-N-miR63-5p and MIR169,) were down-regulated exclusively in the dedifferentiation of E. camaldulensis. This is the first time to study the miRNA regulation in the dedifferentiation process of Eucalyptus and it will provide a valuable resource for future studies. More importantly, it will improve our understanding of miRNA regulation during the somatic embryogenesis of Eucalyptus and benefit the Eucalyptus breeding program.

scholarly journals Dynamic Characterization of Structural, Molecular, and Electrophysiological Phenotypes of Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cerebral Organoids, and Comparison with Fetal and Adult Gene Profiles

Cells ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Logan ◽  
Thiago Arzua ◽  
Yasheng Yan ◽  
Congshan Jiang ◽  
Xiaojie Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Human Brain ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Gene Expression Profiles ◽  
Adult Brain ◽  
Brain Diseases ◽  
Gene Profiles ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Induced Pluripotent ◽  
First Time

Background: The development of 3D cerebral organoid technology using human-induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) provides a promising platform to study how brain diseases are appropriately modeled and treated. So far, understanding of the characteristics of organoids is still in its infancy. The current study profiled, for the first time, the electrophysiological properties of organoids at molecular and cellular levels and dissected the potential age equivalency of 2-month-old organoids to human ones by a comparison of gene expression profiles among cerebral organoids, human fetal and adult brains. Results: Cerebral organoids exhibit heterogeneous gene and protein markers of various brain cells, such as neurons, astrocytes, and vascular cells (endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells) at 2 months, and increases in neural, glial, vascular, and channel-related gene expression over a 2-month differentiation course. Two-month organoids exhibited action potentials, multiple channel activities, and functional electrophysiological responses to the anesthetic agent propofol. A bioinformatics analysis of 20,723 gene expression profiles showed the similar distance of gene profiles in cerebral organoids to fetal and adult brain tissues. The subsequent Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) of select canonical pathways related to neural development, network formation, and electrophysiological signaling, revealed that only calcium signaling, cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) response element-binding protein (CREB) signaling in neurons, glutamate receptor signaling, and synaptogenesis signaling were predicted to be downregulated in cerebral organoids relative to fetal samples. Nearly all cerebral organoid and fetal pathway phenotypes were predicted to be downregulated compared with adult tissue. Conclusions: This novel study highlights dynamic development, cellular heterogeneity and electrophysiological activity. In particular, for the first time, electrophysiological drug response recapitulates what occurs in vivo, and neural characteristics are predicted to be highly similar to the human brain, further supporting the promising application of the cerebral organoid system for the modeling of the human brain in health and disease. Additionally, the studies from these characterizations of cerebral organoids in multiple levels and the findings from gene comparisons between cerebral organoids and humans (fetuses and adults) help us better understand this cerebral organoid-based cutting-edge platform and its wide uses in modeling human brain in terms of health and disease, development, and testing drug efficacy and toxicity.

Nanolipoidal α-terpineol modulates quorum sensing regulated virulence and biofilm formation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Nanomedicine ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (18) ◽  
pp. 1743-1760
Author(s):  
Sunil Kumar Bose ◽  
Pradip Nirbhavane ◽  
Mahak Batra ◽  
Sanjay Chhibber ◽  
Kusum Harjai
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Quorum Sensing ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Gene Expression Profiles ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogen ◽  
Docking Analysis ◽  
New Class ◽  
Antivirulence Agents ◽  
Molecular Docking Analysis

Aim: Pseudomonas aeruginosa has emerged as a major opportunistic pathogen meaning there is an immediate need to develop efficient antivirulence agents which offer a new class of superior therapeutics. Methods: Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) containing α-terpineol (αT) were developed and characterized to determine expression profiles of quorum sensing regulated genes, antivirulence activity and antibiofilm effects against P. aeruginosa. Results: The αT-NLCs had a size of 145.4 nm, polydispersity index of 0.242 and ζ-potential of -31.4 mV. They exhibited pronounced effects on the inhibition of quorum sensing mediated virulence and biofilm formation which were confirmed by molecular docking analysis and gene expression profiles. Conclusion: αT-NLCs show promise as effective antivirulence agents against P. aeruginosa in the postantibiotic era.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document