Prevalence Trend and Disparities in Rheumatoid Arthritis among US Adults, 2005–2018

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) trends among US adults and disparities in RA patients in recent years have not been well described. We aimed to examine the trend of RA prevalence and disparities among US adults. Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) of the years 2005–2018 were analyzed to examine the self-reported RA prevalence trend. Age-adjusted RA prevalence stratified by race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status (SES), as well as associated linear trends, were calculated for both genders. The multivariable adjustment was used to evaluate the association between race, SES, and RA. During 2005–2018, there was no significant linear trend in the age-adjusted self-reported RA prevalence among men and women, but significant differences among people from different races, educational levels, and family poverty income ratio (PIR) groups were observed. The RA rate difference was significant for both genders and between Non-Hispanic Caucasians and Non-Hispanic African Americans (both p-value ≤ 0.001). Both men and women with a higher educational level and a higher PIR had a lower age-adjusted RA rate. Age-adjusted RA prevalence fluctuated for both men and women during 2005–2018. Non-Hispanic African Americans and people with low SES had significantly higher age-adjusted RA prevalence and RA risk.

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0374 Decline in Habitual Sleep Duration Over 10 Years and Worsening Sleep Disparities: Data From NHIS (2006-2015)

SLEEP ◽

10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.371 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. A143-A143

Author(s):

M A Grandner ◽

F Fernandez ◽

S Khader ◽

G Jean-Louis ◽

A A Seixas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

African Americans ◽

Sleep Duration ◽

American Indians ◽

Mexican Americans ◽

Linear Trend ◽

Linear Change ◽

Linear Predictor ◽

Interaction Terms ◽

Race Ethnicity ◽

Few Data

Abstract Introduction Despite claims in the media, evidence that habitual sleep has declined in recent years is scant. Few data sources exist that systematically document sleep duration in a nationally representative sample, in the same way, over several years. Methods Data from 10 years of the National Health Interview Survey were used (N=305,555). During all years, habitual sleep duration, age, sex, race/ethnicity, and height/weight were recorded in the same way. Weighted regression analyses examined sleep duration as the outcome, year as linear predictor, and sociodemographics as covariates. Then, interaction terms examined whether the linear change associated with years was differentially experienced by different sociodemographic groups. Results The linear trend of sleep duration over the past 10 years is a loss of 0.78 minutes per year (95%CI -0.91,-0.64; p<0.0001). After adjustment for age, sex, race/ethnicity and BMI, this remained relatively unchanged at 0.86 minutes (95%CI -0.99,-0.73; p<0.0001). A year-by-race/ethnicity interaction was observed (p<0.05). In stratified analyses, Non-Hispanic Whites showed a loss of 0.68 minutes per year (95%CI -0.84,-0.52, p<0.0001). This was 1.33 minutes/year in Blacks/African-Americans (95%CI -1.74,-0.92; p<0.0001), 1.57 minutes/year in Mexican-Americans (95%CI -1.98,-1.16; p<0.0001), 0.99 minutes/year in other Hispanics/Latinos (95%CI -1.51,-0.47; p<0.0001), 0.74 minutes/year in Asians (95%CI -1.24,-0.25; p=0.003), and 1.80 minutes/year in American Indians/Alaskan Natives (95%CI -3.57,-0.03, p=0.046). Conclusion On average, the US population has lost 47 seconds of nightly sleep per year over a 10-year period, equating to about 4.7 hours of sleep per year, but racial/ethnic groups were impacted differently. Compared to Non-Hispanic Whites, Blacks/African-Americans lost 96% more sleep, Mexicans lost 131% more sleep, other Hispanics/Latinos lost 46% more sleep, Asians lost 9% more sleep, and American Indians lost 165% more sleep. Thus, sleep disparities may be widening. Support Dr. Grandner is supported by R01MD011600

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Is The Healthy Eating Index-2015 Associated With Rheumatoid Arthritis?

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1061469/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Atiyeh Nayebi ◽

Davood Soleimani ◽

Shayan Mostafaei ◽

Negin Elahi ◽

Homayoun Elahi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽

Disease Activity ◽

Healthy Eating ◽

Diet Quality ◽

Linear Trend ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Healthy Eating Index ◽

Dietary Guidelines ◽

P Value ◽

Cross Sectional

Abstract Objective: Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015) is a multidimensional criterion of diet quality utilized to evaluate how well people’s dietary behaviors align with major recommendations of the 2015–2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans. We aim to investigate the association between the diet quality and Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) activity.Design: Cross-sectional studySetting: This study was done on 184 patients with RA in rheumatology clinic in Kermanshah city, Iran, in 2020. RA was diagnosed according to the criteria of the 2010 American College of Rheumatology/ European League against Rheumatism. The overall quality diet was extracted from a validated 168-item food frequency questioner (FFQ) to calculate the HEI-2015 score. RA disease activity was assessed using Disease Activity Score 28 (DAS28) scores. One-way ANOVA and ANCOVA were done to find the associations.Participants: RA patientsResults: Individuals in the highest HEI-2015 quartile had a lower mean Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) than those in the lowest quartiles of the HEI scores (P-value: 0.014). A linear trend towards decreasing waist circumference in patients was observed with increasing quartiles of the HEI-2015 scores (P-value= 0.005). After controlling for all potential confounders, patients in the highest HEI-2015 quartile had the lowest DAS28 scores than those in the lowest quartile of the HEI-2015 scores (Q1= 3.65; 95% CI= 3.29 – 4.02 vs. Q4= 2.35; 95% CI= 1.94 - 2.67; P-value<0.001).Conclusion: Our results indicated that following a high diet quality might be one of the therapeutic strategies to control or reduce the disease activity in RA patients.

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Abstract 16599: Impact of Race and Ethnicity on Long Term Outcomes Post Percutaneous Coronary Intervention With Drug Eluting Stents

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.142.suppl_3.16599 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽

Author(s):

Anastasios Roumeliotis ◽

Bimmer E Claessen ◽

Samantha Sartori ◽

Davide Cao ◽

Won-Joon Koh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Percutaneous Coronary Intervention ◽

African American ◽

African Americans ◽

Private Insurance ◽

Coronary Intervention ◽

Drug Eluting Stent ◽

P Value ◽

Percutaneous Coronary ◽

Drug Eluting ◽

Race Ethnicity

Introduction: Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of mortality worldwide, irrespective of race/ethnicity. Previous studies reported that minority patients with ACS have distinct clinical, genetic and socioeconomic backgrounds that may affect clinical outcomes. Hypothesis: To investigate post percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) outcomes according to race/ethnicity in a contemporary ACS population. Methods: We included consecutive patients undergoing drug-eluting stent implantation for STEMI, non-STEMI or unstable angina (UA) between 2012-2017. The study population was stratified into Caucasian, African American, Hispanic and Asian. The primary endpoint was major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) defined as a composite of death, spontaneous myocardial infarction or stroke at 1 year. Results: Of the 6800 patients included, 3377 (49.7%) were Caucasian, 1408 (20.7%) Hispanic, 1156 (17.0%) Asian and 859 (12.6%) African American. Caucasians were the oldest, Hispanics and Asians had the highest prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) and African Americans had more insulin dependent DM and chronic kidney disease. Hispanics and African Americans had the highest STEMI rate, while Asians were more likely to present with UA, have private insurance and be discharged on aspirin and clopidogrel. Compared to Caucasians, Asians had a lower rate of MACCE at 1 year (3.9% vs. 7.1%; p<0.01) whereas Hispanics (6.2% vs. 7.1%; p-value=0.17) and African Americans (8.0% vs. 7.1%; p-value=0.38) had comparable outcomes. Differences were driven by fewer deaths in the Hispanic (2.1% vs. 4.2%; p<0.01) and Asian (1.7% vs. 4.2%; p<0.01) subgroups. Findings remained unchanged after adjusting for potential confounders [Figure]. Conclusions: Among patients undergoing PCI for ACS, Asian race is associated with favorable cardiovascular outcomes compared to Caucasian. No significant differences were observed for Hispanics and African Americans.

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Trends in osteoporosis and mean bone density among type 2 diabetes patients in the US from 2005 to 2014

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-83263-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Yingke Xu ◽

Qing Wu

Keyword(s):

Linear Trend ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Significant Linear Trend ◽

Femur Neck ◽

Health And Nutrition ◽

The Us ◽

Multiple Covariates ◽

Prevalence Of Osteoporosis ◽

Two Populations

AbstractThis study aimed to examine how bone health changed among T2DM patients in the past decade. Continuous National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data from 2005–2006 to 2013–2014 were analyzed to examine the trends of bone mineral density (BMD) and the prevalence trends of osteoporosis osteopenia among T2DM patients and non-diabetic people aged 40 years and older. The age- and BMI-adjusted mean BMD of the femur neck for the four NHANES cycles decreased linearly in both T2DM patients and non-diabetic people (both Plinear trend ≤ 0.009). Among women with T2DM, the mean BMD in 2013–2014 was significantly lower than that in 2005–2006, even after adjusting for multiple covariates. During 2005–2014, the prevalence of osteoporosis among T2DM patients and non-diabetic people increased but with no significant linear trend (both Plinear trend > 0.05), while the prevalence of osteopenia in the two populations increased linearly (both Plinear trend < 0.04). Age- and BMI-adjusted mean BMD decreased in 2013–2014 in patients with T2DM and non-diabetic people, while the prevalence of osteoporosis and osteopenia increased in both groups.

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Introduction

Getting Respect ◽

10.23943/princeton/9780691183404.003.0001 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 1-19

Author(s):

Michèle Lamont ◽

Graziella Moraes Silva ◽

Jessica S. Welburn ◽

Joshua Guetzkow ◽

Nissim Mizrachi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

New York ◽

African Americans ◽

Working Class ◽

Rio De Janeiro ◽

Ordinary People ◽

Men And Women ◽

Group Boundaries ◽

Race Ethnicity ◽

Ethiopian Jews ◽

Depth Interviews

This book explores the stigmatizing or discriminatory experiences of ordinary people and how they respond to such experiences, along with the factors that affected their courses of action. Drawing on more than 400 in-depth interviews with African Americans in New York suburbs, Black Brazilians in and around Rio de Janeiro, and Arab Palestinians, Ethiopian Jews, and Mizrahi Jews in Israel, the book investigates how national configurations of cultural repertoires and group boundaries influence experiences of and responses to stigmatization and discrimination. To this end, the book describes the incidents where respondents—middle- and working-class men and women—were treated unfairly and the interactions where they felt underestimated, overscrutinized, misunderstood, feared, overlooked, shunned, or discriminated against. This introduction explains the book's approach for analyzing how groupness is organized around race, ethnicity, phenotype, nationality, or religion, as well as the challenges and questions it addresses, and how the study was undertaken.

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The Relationship between Simple Snoring and Metabolic Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Study

Journal of Diabetes Research ◽

10.1155/2019/9578391 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Juanjuan Zou ◽

Fan Song ◽

Huajun Xu ◽

Yiqun Fu ◽

Yunyan Xia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Abdominal Obesity ◽

Linear Trend ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significant Linear Trend ◽

The Relationship ◽

Multivariable Adjustment ◽

Simple Snoring

Purpose. This cross-sectional study was performed to assess the relationship between simple snoring and metabolic syndrome (MetS).Methods. A total of 5635 participants including 300 healthy volunteers without snoring allegedly were initially included from 2007 to 2016. Polysomnographic variables, anthropometric measurements, and biochemical indicators were collected. The polynomial linear trend test was used to assess the linear trend across snoring intensity for metabolic score, and logistic regression was used to evaluate the odds ratios (ORs) for MetS after controlling for age, sex, obesity, smoking status, and alcohol consumption.Results. The final study population consisted of 866 participants. Simple snorers showed more severe metabolic disorders and higher prevalence of MetS than nonsnorers. A significant linear trend was observed between snoring intensity and metabolic score. Simple snoring was significantly associated with increased odds for MetS among all participants (OR=2.328, 95% CI: 1.340–4.045) and female participants (OR=2.382, 95% CI: 1.136–4.994) after multivariable adjustment. With regard to MetS components, simple snoring was significantly associated with increased odds for hypertension (OR=1.730, 95% CI: 1.130–2.650), abdominal obesity (OR=1.810, 95% CI: 1.063–3.083), and hyper-triglycerides (TG) (OR=1.814, 95% CI: 1.097–2.998) among all participants, with hypertension (OR=3.493, 95% CI: 1.748–6.979) among males and with abdominal obesity (OR=2.306, 95% CI: 1.245–4.270) and hyper-TG (OR=2.803, 95% CI: 1.146–6.856) among females after multivariable adjustment.Conclusions. After excluding the influence of repeated apnea and hypoxia, simple snoring was still significantly associated with MetS, especially in women. Furthermore, the associations were more obvious for hypertension among males and for abdominal obesity and hyper-TG among females. In addition to OSA, simple snoring also should be valued.

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The Association between BMI and Osteoarthritis in Adults

10.21203/rs.3.rs-983245/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Zheling Liu ◽

Liwen Zheng ◽

Liguang Xu

Keyword(s):

Mexican Americans ◽

Positive Relationship ◽

Regression Analyses ◽

Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽

Men And Women ◽

Health And Nutrition ◽

Subgroup Analyses ◽

Prevalence Of Obesity ◽

Race Ethnicity ◽

The Relationship

Abstract Objectives: The prevalence of obesity-related symptomatic OA has been found to increase. We investigated the relationship between BMI and osteoarthritis in 14,058 20-85 year-old participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Methods: To estimate the association between BMI and osteoarthritis, multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted. Fitted smoothing curves. Results: After adjusting for other confounding factors, we found that BMI was positively correlated with osteoarthritis. On subgroup analyses, stratified by sex and race/ethnicity, the positive correlation between BMI and Osteoarthritis in men and women, as well as in whites, blacks, and Mexican Americans, still exists. Conclusions: Our study revealed a positive relationship between BMI and Osteoarthritis in most adults.

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High education is associated with low fat and high fibre, beta-carotene and vitamin C - Computation of nutrient intake based on a short food frequency questionnaire in 17,265 men and women in the Tromsø Study

Norsk Epidemiologi ◽

10.5324/nje.v10i1.515 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Bjarne Koster Jacobsen ◽

Hugo Nilsen

Keyword(s):

High Education ◽

Vitamin C ◽

Educational Level ◽

Food Habits ◽

Dietary Habits ◽

Linear Trend ◽

P Value ◽

High Educational Level ◽

Font Size ◽

Men And Women

ABSTRACTEducational level has been correlated to the intake of several nutrients. In a population-based studyincluding 17,265 men and women aged 25-69 years, the intake of nutrients were calculated based on 37questions about food habits. In this paper, we present results from the dietary survey with emphasis onthe relationships between dietary habits and educational level. Compared to subjects with low formaleducation, subjects with high educational level have less fat in their diet and more dietary fibre, betacarotene,vitamin C and alcohol (p-value for linear trend < 0.001). Our results confirm that high educationis associated with healthy food habits and relatively higher alcohol consumption. There is a need forefforts in order to change the food habits of the less educated.NORSK SAMMENDRAGPersoner med lang utdanning har ofte et bedre kosthold enn personer med kortere utdanning. I denneundersøkelsen har vi estimert inntaket av en rekke næringsstoffer basert på 37 spørsmål om kostvanersom ble stilt til personer som tok del i Tromsø-IV-undersøkelsen (1994/95). Vår studie inkluderer 17 265menn og kvinner i Tromsø i alderen 25-69 år. Vi presenterer resultater fra denne kostholdsundersøkelsenmed vekt på relasjoner mellom kostvaner og utdanningslengde. Sammenlignet med personer med kortformell utdanning, har personer med lang utdanning mindre fett i kosten og høyere inntak av fiber, betakaroten,vitamin C og alkohol (p < 0.001). Resultatene bekrefter at personer med lang utdanning har ethelsemessig gunstigere kosthold, men et høyere alkoholinntak, enn personer med kort utdanning.Funnene understreker behovet for målrettede tiltak for å utjevne sosiale forskjeller i kostvaner i Norge.

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Race/Ethnicity, Enrichment/Fortification, and Dietary Supplementation in the U.S. Population, NHANES 2009–2012

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu11051005 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 1005 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Angela M. Malek ◽

Jill C. Newman ◽

Kelly J. Hunt ◽

Bernadette P. Marriott

Keyword(s):

The United States ◽

The Other ◽

Income Poverty ◽

Dietary Intakes ◽

Health And Nutrition ◽

Income Ratio ◽

Race Ethnicity ◽

Racial Ethnic ◽

Iron And Calcium ◽

The U.S

In the United States (U.S.), food fortification and/or enrichment and dietary supplement (DS) use impacts nutrient intakes. Our aim was to examine race/ethnicity and income (Poverty Income Ratio, PIR) differences in meeting the Dietary Reference Intakes based on estimated dietary intakes among the U.S. population age ≥2 years (n = 16,975). Two 24-hour recalls from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) cycles 2009–2012 were used to estimate the intake of 15 nutrients as naturally occurring, enriched/fortified, and plus DSs. Across racial/ethnic groups and within PIR categories, significant differences were observed in the %< Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) for vitamin A following enrichment/fortification (E/F) and for vitamin B12 and riboflavin following both E/F and DS use when comparing non-Hispanic blacks, Hispanics, and the other race/ethnicity group to non-Hispanic whites. The %<EAR for iron and calcium also differed depending on race/ethnicity within PIR category (p < 0.05). The %<EAR was significantly lower for vitamin D after E/F for Hispanics, and after E/F combined with DS use for vitamins C and B6 for Hispanics and the other race/ethnicity group than non-Hispanic whites. Non-Hispanic blacks were inadequate in all nutrients examined except vitamin C based on the %<EAR than individuals of other races/ethnicities. Differences in the tolerable upper intake level (UL) of nutrients, especially folate and zinc, also varied by race/ethnicity and PIR category.

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Abstract 16585: Prediction of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Mortality in a Nationally Representative Cohort Using Set of Risk Factors From Pooled Cohort Risk Equations

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.130.suppl_2.16585 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 130 (suppl_2) ◽

Author(s):

Zefeng Zhang ◽

Quanhe Yang ◽

Barbara Bardenheier ◽

Cathleen Gillespie ◽

Barbara Bowman

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Prediction Models ◽

P Value ◽

Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Men And Women ◽

Discrimination Ability ◽

Race Ethnicity ◽

Nationally Representative ◽

Representative Cohort

Introduction: The American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Pooled Cohort risk equations were developed to estimate atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk. It is unclear if the set of risk factors might predict ASCVD mortality in a nationally representative cohort. Hypothesis: We assessed the performance of the set of risk factors developed by the Pooled Cohort equations in the prediction of ASCVD mortality by sex and race-ethnicity. Methods: We used the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Linked Mortality File (NHANES III 1988-2006, n=7,042) and included participants 40-79 years of age without CVD at baseline. We used Cox proportional hazard models to estimate the predicted probability of ASCVD death at 10-year by sex and race-ethnicity (non-Hispanic white (NHW), non-Hispanic black (NHB), and Mexican American (MA)). We calculated the discrimination and calibration for each sex-race-ethnicity model. Results: We documented 409 ASCVD deaths during 62,335 person years of follow-up (212 men and 197 women). The Pooled Cohort equations’ set of risk factors demonstrated moderate discrimination ability for ASCVD mortality with modified c-statistics of 0.658 (95% CI: 0.602-0.713), 0.661 (0.589-0.732), and 0.703 (0.624-0.782) for NHW, NHB and MA men respectively. The corresponding c-statistics for women were 0.695 (0.631-0.760), 0.695 (0.624-0.765), and 0.687 (0.588-0.786). Modified Hosmer-Lemeshow χ 2 suggested adequate calibration for NHW men and women (p-value 0.13 and 0.06 respectively). The calibration was borderline adequate for NHB women with p-value 0.04, and inadequate for MA men and women with p-value <0.001 and 0.004 respectively. The moderate discrimination and inadequate calibration for some prediction models might be partly due to the limited sample size. Conclusions: In conclusion, in this nationally representative cohort, the set of risk factors from the Pooled Cohort equations perform adequately to predict 10-year ASCVD mortality for NHW men and women with observed and predicted 10-year ASCVD deaths being similar, and demonstrated moderate discrimination for all sex-race/ethnicity groups.

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