scholarly journals Associations of Exercise Habits in Adolescence and Old Age with Risk of Osteoporosis in Older Adults: The Bunkyo Health Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (24) ◽  
pp. 5968
Author(s):  
Hikaru Otsuka ◽  
Hiroki Tabata ◽  
Huicong Shi ◽  
Hideyoshi Kaga ◽  
Yuki Someya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Old Age ◽  
None None ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Active Group ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Exercise Habits ◽  
Lower Lumbar Spine ◽  
Osteoporosis Prevalence

We investigated effects of exercise habits (EHs) in adolescence and old age on osteoporosis prevalence and hip joint and lumbar spine bone mineral density (BMD). Body composition and BMD in 1596 people aged 65–84 years living in Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, were measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. We divided participants into four groups by a combination of EHs in adolescence and old age: none in either period (None-None), only in adolescence (Active-None), only in old age (None-Active), and in both periods (Active-Active). Logistic regression models were employed to estimate multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for osteoporosis determined by T-score (less than −2.5 SD) using the None-None reference group. In men, the combination of EHs in adolescence and old age was not associated with osteoporosis prevalence. However, the lumbar spine’s BMD was significantly higher in the Active-Active than the None-Active group (p = 0.043). In women, the Active-Active group had lower lumbar spine osteoporosis prevalence than the None-None group (OR 0.65; 95% CI, 0.42–1.00, p = 0.049). Furthermore, hip BMD was significantly higher in the Active-Active group than in the other three groups (p = 0.001). Older women with EHs in adolescence and old age had higher lumbar BMD and lower risk of osteoporosis.

Spine and total body bone mineral density in amenorrheic endurance athletes

1993 ◽  
Vol 74 (6) ◽  
pp. 2904-2908 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. M. Rutherford
Keyword(s):  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Lower Lumbar Spine ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Lower Lumbar ◽  
Age Of Menarche ◽  
Total Body Bone Mineral

Lumbar spine, total body, and regional bone mineral densities (BMDs) were measured in eumenorrheic and amenorrheic runners and triathletes by using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (Lunar DPX). Values were also compared with age- and weight-matched reference data from the Lunar British database. The amenorrheic group had significantly lower lumbar spine (P = 0.003), arm (P = 0.018), trunk (P = 0.014), and total spine (P < 0.0001) BMDs compared with the eumenorrheic group and significantly lower lumbar (P = 0.002) and total spine (P < 0.001) values compared with the reference controls. Leg (P = 0.009) and arm (P < 0.001) densities were significantly higher than controls. All regions, apart from the lumbar spine, were significantly higher in the eumenorrheic group compared with the reference group. There were no within-group differences for the runners and triathletes. Compared with the eumenorrheic athletes, the amenorrheic women had significantly later age of menarche (P = 0.0032). The type of physical activity undertaken by these athletes can compensate for the loss of menses at the majority of skeletal sites with the exception of the spine.

scholarly journals Fibroblast Growth Factor 23, Bone Mineral Density, and Risk of Hip Fracture Among Older Adults: The Cardiovascular Health Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 98 (8) ◽  
pp. 3323-3331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Jovanovich ◽  
Petra Bùžková ◽  
Michel Chonchol ◽  
John Robbins ◽  
Howard A. Fink ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Hip Fracture ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Cardiovascular Health Study ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Total Hip

Context: Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) is a phosphaturic hormone that also inhibits calcitriol synthesis. Objective: Our objective was to evaluate the relationships of plasma FGF23 concentrations with bone mineral density (BMD) and hip fracture in community-dwelling older adults. Design and Setting: Linear regression and Cox proportional hazard models were used to examine the associations of plasma FGF23 concentrations with BMD and incident hip fracture, respectively. Analyses were also stratified by chronic kidney disease. Participants: Participants included 2008 women and 1329 men ≥65 years from the 1996 to 1997 Cardiovascular Health Study visit. Main Outcome Measures: Dual x-ray absorptiometry measured total hip (TH) and lumbar spine (LS) BMD in 1291 participants. Hip fracture incidence was assessed prospectively through June 30, 2008 by hospitalization records in all participants. Results: Women had higher plasma FGF23 concentrations than men (75 [56–107] vs 66 [interquartile range = 52–92] relative units/mL; P &lt; .001). After adjustment, higher FGF23 concentrations were associated with greater total hip and lumbar spine BMD in men only (β per doubling of FGF23 = 0.02, with 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.001–0.04 g/cm2, and 0.03 with 95% CI = 0.01–0.06 g/cm2). During 9.6 ± 5.1–11.0 years of follow-up, 328 hip fractures occurred. Higher FGF23 concentrations were not associated with hip fracture risk in women or men (adjusted hazard ratio = 0.95, with 95% CI = 0.78–1.15, and 1.09 with 95% CI = 0.82–1.46 per doubling of FGF23). Results did not differ by chronic kidney disease status (P &gt; .4 for interactions). Conclusions: In this large prospective cohort of community-dwelling older adults, higher FGF23 concentrations were weakly associated with greater lumbar spine and total hip BMD but not with hip fracture risk.

scholarly journals Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy and Bone Mineral Density

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luana da Costa Lima ◽  
Evellyn Câmara Grilo ◽  
Thais Alves Cunha ◽  
Bárbara Gurgel Magalhães de Araújo ◽  
José Brandão-Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy ◽  
Muscular Dystrophy ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Lower Lumbar Spine ◽  
Total Body

Abstract Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) patients are at risk of developing conditions that can compromise their bone health, such as fractures and walking impairment. We aimed to assess bone mineral density as a function of the age of DMD patients. The cross-sectional study included 48 patients distributed into four groups by age: G1 (5.1-9.2 years), G2 (9.3-10.7 years), G3 (11.2-15.9 years), and G4 (18-24.7 years). Lumbar spine and total body bone mineral density (BMD) measurements were performed with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. There was a moderate negative correlation between age and the lumbar spine BMD z-score (p = 0.001; r = -0.45) and a strong negative correlation between age and the total body BMD z-score (p = 0.001; r = -0.79). The lumbar spine BMD z-scores in G3 and G4 were significantly lower than those in G1 and G2 (p < 0.05). The total body BMD z-score in G3 was lower than those in G1 and G2 (p < 0.05), and in G4 was lower ​​than those in the other groups (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The older patients had lower lumbar spine and total body BMD z-score values than younger patients. Moreover, these values ​​were negatively correlated with the age of the patients.

scholarly journals TBS (Trabecular Bone Score) and Diabetes-Related Fracture Risk

2013 ◽  
Vol 98 (2) ◽  
pp. 602-609 ◽  
Author(s):  
William D. Leslie ◽  
Berengère Aubry-Rozier ◽  
Olivier Lamy ◽  
Didier Hans ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Fracture Risk ◽  
Trabecular Bone ◽  
Trabecular Bone Score ◽  
Bone Microarchitecture ◽  
Osteoporotic Fractures ◽  
Hazard Ratio ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Major Osteoporotic Fractures ◽  
Lower Lumbar Spine

Abstract Context: Type 2 diabetes is associated with increased fracture risk but paradoxically greater bone mineral density (BMD). Trabecular bone score (TBS) is derived from the texture of the spine dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) image and is related to bone microarchitecture and fracture risk, providing information independent of BMD. Objective: This study evaluated the ability of lumbar spine TBS to account for increased fracture risk in diabetes. Design and Setting: We performed a retrospective cohort study using BMD results from a large clinical registry for the province of Manitoba, Canada. Patients: We included 29,407 women 50 years old and older with baseline DXA examinations, among whom 2356 had diagnosed diabetes. Main Outcome Measures: Lumbar spine TBS was derived for each spine DXA examination blinded to clinical parameters and outcomes. Health service records were assessed for incident nontraumatic major osteoporotic fractures (mean follow-up 4.7 years). Results: Diabetes was associated with higher BMD at all sites but lower lumbar spine TBS in unadjusted and adjusted models (all P &lt; .001). The adjusted odds ratio (aOR) for a measurement in the lowest vs the highest tertile was less than 1 for BMD (all P &lt; .001) but was increased for lumbar spine TBS [aOR 2.61, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.30–2.97]. Major osteoporotic fractures were identified in 175 women (7.4%) with and 1493 (5.5%) without diabetes (P &lt; .001). Lumbar spine TBS was a BMD-independent predictor of fracture and predicted fractures in those with diabetes (adjusted hazard ratio 1.27, 95% CI 1.10–1.46) and without diabetes (hazard ratio 1.31, 95% CI 1.24–1.38). The effect of diabetes on fracture was reduced when lumbar spine TBS was added to a prediction model but was paradoxically increased from adding BMD measurements. Conclusions: Lumbar spine TBS predicts osteoporotic fractures in those with diabetes, and captures a larger portion of the diabetes-associated fracture risk than BMD.

scholarly journals Relationship between Regular Green Tea Intake and Osteoporosis in Korean Postmenopausal Women: A Nationwide Study

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
Dan Bi Lee ◽  
Hong Ji Song ◽  
Yu-Jin Paek ◽  
Kyung Hee Park ◽  
Young-Gyun Seo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Green Tea ◽  
Bone Health ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Tea Consumption ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
The Past ◽  
Femur Neck ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
The Relationship

Mixed results have been reported regarding whether habitual tea intake affects bone health. This study investigated the relationship between green tea intake and bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal Korean women. We used data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys from 2008 to 2011 and divided the participants into three groups according to their frequency of green tea intake over the past 12 months. BMD of the lumbar spine, total femur, and femur neck was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. The odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of osteoporosis and osteopenia according to green tea consumption were analyzed. Participants who did not consume green tea or consumed less than one cup per day were more likely to have osteopenia of the lumbar spine or femur than those who consumed it once to three times a day (OR 1.81 and 1.85, 95% CI, 1.20–2.71; and 1.23–2.77). Moreover, ORs for osteoporosis were 1.91 (95% CI 1.13–3.23) and 1.82 (95% CI 1.09–3.05) in non-consumers and consumers who drank less than one cup per day, respectively, compared with the reference group. These results support that green tea consumption may have benefits on bone health.

scholarly journals Causal Effect of Serum Magnesium on Osteoporosis and Cardiometabolic Diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin He ◽  
Liang Xia ◽  
Jinqiu Zhao ◽  
Lifeng Yin ◽  
Muzi Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Causal Effect ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Serum Magnesium ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Cardiometabolic Diseases ◽  
Lower Lumbar Spine

Serum magnesium is associated with osteoporosis and cardiometabolic diseases, but their causal associations remain elusive. We used the two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study to explore the causal roles of serum magnesium on osteoporosis and cardiometabolic diseases by using the aggregated genome-wide association studies (GWASs). Six single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs, p &lt; 5 × 10−8) associated with serum magnesium concentrations were all used as instrumental variables. A genetic predisposition to higher serum magnesium concentrations was inversely associated with lower lumbar spine bone mineral density (BMD, beta-estimate: −1.982, 95% CI: −3.328 to −0.635, SE: 0.687, p = 0.004), which was further confirmed by multiple sensitivity analyses. There was limited evidence of associations between serum magnesium and type 2 diabetes, coronary artery disease, heart failure, and atrial fibrillation. This work provided strong evidence that genetically increased serum magnesium concentrations were causally associated with low lumbar spine BMD and suggested that serum magnesium concentrations may be crucial to prevent osteoporosis.

scholarly journals Bone mineral density in elderly and senile women with knee and hip osteoarthritis

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-66
Author(s):  
Yu. V. Averkieva ◽  
I. I. Grigorieva ◽  
T. A. Raskina
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Hip Osteoarthritis ◽  
Stage I ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Knee Oa ◽  
Lower Lumbar Spine

Objective: to study bone mineral density (BMD) in elderly and senile women with knee and hip osteoarthritis (OA).Patients and methods. The investigation enrolled 124 women (mean age, 73.3±8.46 years) diagnosed with OA meeting the ACR diagnostic criteria. Lumbar spine (LI-IV) and femoral neck BMD values were determined; knee and hip X-ray in the frontal projection was carried out to assess the radiographic stage according to the Kellgren and Lawrence classification.Results and discussion. The overall incidence of osteoporosis (OP) and ostopenia in the study cohort was 28 and 41%, respectively. OP was diagnosed in 20% of women aged 60–74 years and in 38% of those aged 75–90 years (p<0.05); osteopenia was in 41 and 42%, respectively (p>0.05). In the age groups of 65–74 years and ≥75 years, women with stage III–IV hip OA had a significantly higher femoral neck BMD than those with Stage I–II (p<0.05). At the same time, the later radiographic stages of hip OA were associated with lower lumbar spine BMD (p<0.05). The patients of both age groups who had Stages III and IV knee OA had a significantly higher lumbar spine BMD than those with Stage I–II OA (p<0.05). The femoral neck BMD in patients with Stages I–II and III–IV knee OA was comparable in both age groups (p>0.05).Conclusion. The relationship between BMD and OA-related structural changes is contradictory and requires further investigation. 

scholarly journals Prevalence and risk factors for bone loss in rheumatoid arthritis patients from South China: modeled by three methods

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuoran Hu ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Zhiming Lin ◽  
Changlin Zhao ◽  
Shuiming Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Bone Loss ◽  
South China ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitor ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Serum Vitamin D

Abstract Background To explore the prevalence of bone loss among patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and healthy controls (HC) and further explored the risk factors for osteopenia and osteoporosis of RA patients. Methods A cross-sectional survey was undertaken in four hospitals in different districts in South China to reveal the prevalence of bone loss in patients. Case records, laboratory tests, and bone mineral density (BMD) results of patients were collected. Traditional multivariable logistic regression analysis and two machine learning methods, including least absolute shrinkage selection operator (LASSO) and random forest (RF) were for exploring the risk factors for osteopenia or osteoporosis in RA patients. Results Four hundred five patients with RA and 198 HC were included. RA patients had lower BMD in almost BMD measurement sites than healthy controls; the decline of lumbar spine BMD was earlier than HC. RA patients were more likely to comorbid with osteopenia and osteoporosis (p for trend < 0.001) in the lumbar spine than HC. Higher serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 level and using tumor necrosis factor inhibitor in the last year were protective factors; aging, lower body mass index, and increased serum uric acid might be risk factors for bone loss. Conclusions RA patients were more prone and earlier to have bone loss than HC. More attention should be paid to measuring BMD in RA patients aging with lower BMI or hyperuricemia. Besides, serum vitamin D and all three measurement sites are recommended to check routinely. TNFi usage in the last year might benefit bone mass.

scholarly journals MDCT-Based Finite Element Analyses: Are Measurements at the Lumbar Spine Associated with the Biomechanical Strength of Functional Spinal Units of Incidental Osteoporotic Fractures along the Thoracolumbar Spine?

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 455
Author(s):  
Nico Sollmann ◽  
Nithin Manohar Rayudu ◽  
Long Yu Yeung ◽  
Anjany Sekuboyina ◽  
Egon Burian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Fracture Risk ◽  
Thoracolumbar Spine ◽  
Areal Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Osteoporotic Vertebral Fractures ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Biomechanical Strength

Assessment of osteoporosis-associated fracture risk during clinical routine is based on the evaluation of clinical risk factors and T-scores, as derived from measurements of areal bone mineral density (aBMD). However, these parameters are limited in their ability to identify patients at high fracture risk. Finite element models (FEMs) have shown to improve bone strength prediction beyond aBMD. This study aims to investigate whether FEM measurements at the lumbar spine can predict the biomechanical strength of functional spinal units (FSUs) with incidental osteoporotic vertebral fractures (VFs) along the thoracolumbar spine. Multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) data of 11 patients (5 females and 6 males, median age: 67 years) who underwent MDCT twice (median interval between baseline and follow-up MDCT: 18 months) and sustained an incidental osteoporotic VF between baseline and follow-up scanning were used. Based on baseline MDCT data, two FSUs consisting of vertebral bodies and intervertebral discs (IVDs) were modeled: one standardly capturing L1-IVD–L2-IVD–L3 (FSU_L1–L3) and one modeling the incidentally fractured vertebral body at the center of the FSU (FSU_F). Furthermore, volumetric BMD (vBMD) derived from MDCT, FEM-based displacement, and FEM-based load of the single vertebrae L1 to L3 were determined. Statistically significant correlations (adjusted for a BMD ratio of fracture/L1–L3 segments) were revealed between the FSU_F and mean load of L1 to L3 (r = 0.814, p = 0.004) and the mean vBMD of L1 to L3 (r = 0.745, p = 0.013), whereas there was no statistically significant association between the FSU_F and FSU_L1–L3 or between FSU_F and the mean displacement of L1 to L3 (p > 0.05). In conclusion, FEM measurements of single vertebrae at the lumbar spine may be able to predict the biomechanical strength of incidentally fractured vertebral segments along the thoracolumbar spine, while FSUs seem to predict only segment-specific fracture risk.

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