scholarly journals Critical Review of the Parameters Affecting the Effectiveness of Moisture Absorption Treatments Used for Natural Composites

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Al-Maharma ◽  
Naser Al-Huniti
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Absorption ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Complete Discussion ◽  
Natural Composites ◽  
Review Study ◽  
Fiber Matrix ◽  
Physical Treatments ◽  
The Cost ◽  
High Degree

Natural composites can be fabricated through reinforcing either synthetic or bio-based polymers with hydrophilic natural fibers. Ultimate moisture absorption resistance at the fiber–matrix interface can be achieved when hydrophilic natural fibers are used to reinforce biopolymers due to the high degree of compatibility between them. However, the cost of biopolymers is several times higher than that of their synthetic counterparts, which hinders their dissemination in various industries. In order to produce economically feasible natural composites, synthetic resins are frequently reinforced with hydrophilic fibers, which increases the incompatibility issues such as the creation of voids and delamination at fiber–matrix interfaces. Therefore, applying chemical and/or physical treatments to eliminate the aforementioned drawbacks is of primary importance. However, it is demonstrated through this review study that these treatments do not guarantee a sufficient improvement of the moisture absorption properties of natural composites, and the moisture treatments should be applied under the consideration of the following parameters: (i) type of hosting matrix; (ii) type of natural fiber; (iii) loading of natural fiber; (iv) the hybridization of natural fibers with mineral/synthetic counterparts; (v) implantation of nanofillers. Complete discussion about each of these parameters is developed through this study.

scholarly journals A Review on Natural Fiber-Reinforced Geopolymer and Cement-Based Composites

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (20) ◽  
pp. 4603
Author(s):  
Marfa Camargo ◽  
Eyerusalem Adefrs Taye ◽  
Judith Roether ◽  
Daniel Tilahun Redda ◽  
Aldo Boccaccini
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Moisture Absorption ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Synthetic Fiber ◽  
Matrix Interface ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Fiber Matrix Interface ◽  
Fiber Matrix

The use of ecological materials for building and industrial applications contributes to minimizing the environmental impact of new technologies. In this context, the cement and geopolymer sectors are considering natural fibers as sustainable reinforcement for developing composites. Natural fibers are renewable, biodegradable, and non-toxic, and they exhibit attractive mechanical properties in comparison with their synthetic fiber counterparts. However, their hydrophilic character makes them vulnerable to high volumes of moisture absorption, thus conferring poor wetting with the matrix and weakening the fiber–matrix interface. Therefore, modification and functionalization strategies for natural fibers to tailor interface properties and to improve the durability and mechanical behavior of cement and geopolymer-based composites become highly important. This paper presents a review of the physical, chemical and biological pre-treatments that have been performed on natural fibers, their results and effects on the fiber–matrix interface of cement and geopolymer composites. In addition, the degradation mechanisms of natural fibers used in such composites are discussed. This review finalizes with concluding remarks and recommendations to be addressed through further in-depth studies in the field.

Review of Natural Fiber Reinforced Elastomer Composites

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pantea Kooshki ◽  
Tsz-Ho Kwok
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Fiber Surface ◽  
Specific Strength ◽  
Elastomeric Matrix ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Fiber Matrix ◽  
Physical Treatments

This paper is a review on mechanical characteristics of natural fibers reinforced elastomers (both thermoplastics and thermosets). Increasing environmental concerns and reduction of petroleum resources attracts researchers attention to new green eco-friendly materials. To solve these environmental related issues, cellulosic fibers are used as reinforcement in composite materials. These days natural fibers are at the center of attention as a replacement for synthetic fibers like glass, carbon, and aramid fibers due to their low cost, satisfactory mechanical properties, high specific strength, renewable resources usage and biodegradability. The hydrophilic property of natural fibers decreases their compatibility with the elastomeric matrix during composite fabrication leading to the poor fiber-matrix adhesion. This causes low mechanical properties which is one of the disadvantages of green composites. Many researches have been done modifying fiber surface to enhance interfacial adhesion between filler particles and elastomeric matrix, as well as their dispersion in the matrix, which can significantly affect mechanical properties of the composites. Different chemical and physical treatments are applied to improve fiber/matrix interlocking.

Hydrophobic treatment of natural fibers and their composites—A review

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 2153-2183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azam Ali ◽  
Khubab Shaker ◽  
Yasir Nawab ◽  
Madeha Jabbar ◽  
Tanveer Hussain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Moisture Absorption ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Composites ◽  
Annual Growth Rate ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Reinforced Composites ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Compound Annual Growth Rate

There is a growing interest in the development of natural fiber-reinforced composites, most likely due to their wide availability, low cost, environment friendliness, and sustainability. The market size for natural fiber-reinforced composites is projected to reach $5.83 billion by 2019, with a compound annual growth rate of 12.3%. The composite materials reinforced with wood, cotton, jute, flax or other natural fibers fall under this category. Meanwhile, some major factors limiting the large scale production of natural fiber composites include the tendency of natural fiber to absorb water, degradation by microorganisms and sunlight and ultimately low strength and service life. This paper has focused to review the different natural fiber treatments used to reduce the moisture absorption and fiber degradation. The effect of these treatments on the mechanical properties of these composites has also been summarized.

Effect of Fiber Treatment on the Fiber Strength of Kenaf Bast Fiber as Reinforcing Material in Polymer Composite

2013 ◽  
Vol 795 ◽  
pp. 360-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurul Faiizin Abdul Aziz ◽  
Ibrahim Azmi ◽  
Zakiah Ahmad ◽  
Rozana Mohd Dahan
Keyword(s):  
Surface Treatment ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Load Transfer ◽  
Moisture Absorption ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Fiber Strength ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Thermoplastic Composites ◽  
Hydroxyl Group ◽  
Kenaf Fibers

The use of natural fibers at high percentages of loading in thermoplastic composites for the production of sustainable and green materials in consumer goods, furniture, automotive industry and construction industry is emerging. Several studies have been conducted by many researchers to improve the mechanical properties of the fibers and the fiber-matrix interface for better bonding and load transfer especially when high fiber loading is used. The natural fiber hydrophilic properties make the poor interface and poor resistance to moisture absorption when used to reinforce hydrophobic matrices. Therefore, this study investigates the effects of different surface treatment namely magnesium chloride (MgCl2) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) on the properties of kenaf fiber for different molarities. Morphology using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and tensile properties of kenaf fibers after different surface treatment are evaluated. Results showed that the treatment on kenaf fibers has removed the hydroxyl group in cellulose and increase the surface roughness which resulted in the improvement of the tensile properties of kenaf fibers as compared to untreated kenaf fibers.

scholarly journals Mechanical, Curing Parameters and Water Absorption of Hybrid Date Palm Leaf-Orange Peel Fibers Reinforced Unsaturated Polyester Composites

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 139-144
Author(s):  
Hamza Chelali ◽  
Ahmed Meghezzi ◽  
Abir Berkouk ◽  
Mohamed Toufik Soltani ◽  
George Winning
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Date Palm ◽  
Moisture Absorption ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Alkali Treatment ◽  
Unsaturated Polyester ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Orange Peel ◽  
Weight Fraction ◽  
Palm Leaf

In this study, polymer-hybrid natural fibers composites were prepared using unsaturated polyester resin (UPR) as the matrix and a filler using date palm leaf fiber (DPLF) and orange peel fiber (OPF). The effect of DPLF and OPF on mechanical behavior (tensile strength and elongation at break), moisture absorption, UPR gel time (tgel) and peak exothermic temperature (Tpeak) were determined. The composites of UPR reinforced with DPLF and OPF were processed by hand lay-up technique. The UPR weight fraction was maintained at 90%, and DPLF/OPF proportions varied so that the percentage of natural fiber was 10 wt%. Seven (07) composites were prepared (C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6 and C7) with different DPLF:OPF ratios (0:0, 1:0, 0.75:0.25, 0.5:0.5, 0.33:0.67, 0.25:0.75, 0:1) respectively in order to screen the possible interactions. DPLF were surface modified using 6% Alkali treatment, OPF were used without surface modification. Unlike DPLF, OPF showed considerable increase of UPR tgel and Tpeak which act as natural inhibitor. Tensile strength and fracture strength were also impacted negatively and positively depending on the different fiber proportions. Absorption tests showed a decrease in the composites hydrophobicity which increases significantly with higher DPLF proportions.

Effects of Matrix on Mechanical Property Test Bamboo Fiber Composite Materials

2005 ◽  
Vol 297-300 ◽  
pp. 1529-1533
Author(s):  
Jae Kyoo Lim ◽  
Jun Hee Song ◽  
Jun Yong Choi ◽  
Hyo Jin Kim
Keyword(s):  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Fiber Composite ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Bamboo Fiber ◽  
Thermoplastic Composite ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Synthetic Fibers ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Fiber Composite Materials

In recent years, the use of natural fibers as reinforcements in polymer composites to replace synthetic fibers like glass is presently receiving increasing attention. Because of their increasing use combined with high demand, the cost of thermosetting resin has increased rapidly over the past decades. However the widely used synthetic fillers such as glass fiber are very expensive compared to natural fibers. Natural fiber-reinforced thermosetting composites are more economized to produce than the original thermosetting. Moreover the use of natural fiber in thermosetting composites is highly beneficial, because the use of natural fibers will be increased. In this study, a bamboo fiber-reinforced thermoplastic composite that made the RTM was evaluated to mechanical properties.

Applications of Bio-Composites in Industrial Products

2001 ◽  
Vol 702 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prabhu Kandachar ◽  
Rik Brouwer
Keyword(s):  
Biodegradable Polymers ◽  
Moisture Absorption ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Fiber Composites ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Synthetic Fiber ◽  
Attractive Alternative ◽  
Natural Fiber Composites ◽  
Synthetic Fibers

ABSTRACTAvailable as agricultural resources in many countries, natural fibers, such as flax, hemp, kenaf, exhibit mechanical properties comparable to those of synthetic fibers like glass. But they are lighter, biodegradable, and are often claimed to be less expensive. Composites with these natural fibers have the potential to be attractive alternative to synthetic fiber composites. The natural fibers, however, exhibit more scatter in their properties, are thermally less stable and are sensitive to moisture absorption. The choice of matrix to reinforce with these fibers therefore becomes critical.Currently, synthetic non-biodegradable polymers, such as polypropylene, polyester, etc., are being explored as matrix materials, for applications in sectors like automobiles and buildings. Biodegradable polymers, if made available in sufficient quantities at affordable prices, pave way for bio-composites in future. With both matrix and fibers being biodegradable, bio-composites become attractive candidates from the environment point of view.Extensive and reliable property data on natural fiber composites and/or on bio-composites, are still lacking, making product design with these materials rather tedious. Once the database is available, design & manufacture of products with natural fiber composites and biocomposites offer several opportunities and challenges.

Available Mechanical and Chemical Properties of Natural Fibers

2018 ◽  
pp. 110-136
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Moisture Absorption ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Synthetic Fibers ◽  
The Right ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Natural fibers are so attracting in comparison to synthetic fibers since they exhibit good properties like the low cost, good specific mechanical properties and their requirements of low energy during production. However, natural fibers hold some drawbacks which must be consider in comparison to the synthetic fibers like their high moisture absorption, low mechanical properties, heat resistance and durability and the variation in their prices and quality. In order to choose the suitable natural fiber for the selected application, their mechanical and chemical properties can be helpful for taking the right decision. In this chapter, a wide research is done in order to provide as much as possible the available mechanical and chemical properties of natural fibers of bast, leaf, seed, stalk, and wood categories from the most trusted publications. The specific mechanical properties of natural fibers are then calculated for a better comparison at the level of composites.

Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of Natural Fibers

2008 ◽  
Vol 33-37 ◽  
pp. 553-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Li ◽  
Yan Ping Hu ◽  
Chun Jing Hu ◽  
Ye Hong Yu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Moisture Absorption ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Composites ◽  
Reinforced Composites ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Specific Strength ◽  
Mechanical Performances ◽  
Set Up

Natural fibers are excellent substitute materials for man made fibers in making fiber reinforced composites due to their high specific strength and modulus, low density, low price, easy availability in some countries, recyclable and degradable properties. They have raised great attentions among material scientists and engineers in the past decade. Many researches have been conducted to study the mechanical properties, especially interfacial properties of natural fiber reinforced composites. However, the properties, such as mechanical performances, moisture absorption behaviors, et. al of natural fibers themselves have been seldom investigated. Knowing the relationship between microstructures and properties of natural fibers are important for understanding the bulk properties of natural fiber composites and also good instructions for designing bio-mimic materials. In this study, four kinds of natural fibers which were extracted from different plant sources were investigated. The microstructures of these natural fibers were revealed with the aid of optical microscopy. Microstructure models were thereof set up and mechanical properties for the representative volume element were assumed. Fiber bundle fracture models together with probability statistics analysis were employed to calculate the mechanical properties of natural fibers. The results were compared with the experimental measurements. Different mechanical behaviors of natural fibers which were functioned differently in the nature were clearly explained by the above studies

scholarly journals Critical Review of Natural Fiber Reinforced Hybrid Composites: Processing, Properties, Applications and Cost

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (20) ◽  
pp. 3514
Author(s):  
M. J. Suriani ◽  
R. A. Ilyas ◽  
M. Y. M. Zuhri ◽  
A. Khalina ◽  
M. T. H. Sultan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Synthetic Fibers ◽  
Reinforced Composite ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites ◽  
Natural Composites ◽  
Composites Processing ◽  
Processing Properties

Increasing scientific interest has occurred concerning the utilization of natural fiber-enhanced hybrid composites that incorporate one or more types of natural enhancement. Annual natural fiber production is estimated to be 1,783,965 × 103 tons/year. Extensive studies have been conducted in the domains of natural/synthetic as well as natural/natural hybrid composites. As synthetic fibers have better rigidity and strength than natural fibers, natural/synthetic hybrid composites have superior qualities via hybridization compared to natural composites in fibers. In general, natural fiber compounds have lower characteristics, limiting the use of natural composites reinforced by fiber. Significant effort was spent in enhancing the mechanical characteristics of this group of materials to increase their strengths and applications, especially via the hybridization process, by manipulating the characteristics of fiber-reinforced composite materials. Current studies concentrate on enhancing the understanding of natural fiber-matrix adhesion, enhancing processing methods, and natural fiber compatibility. The optimal and resilient conceptions have also been addressed due to the inherently more significant variabilities. Moreover, much research has tackled natural fiber reinforced hybrid composite costs. In addition, this review article aims to offer a review of the variables that lead to the mechanical and structural failure of natural fiber reinforced polymer composites, as well as an overview of the details and costings of the composites.

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