scholarly journals Arthritogenic Alphavirus Capsid Protein

Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 230
Author(s):  
Shambhavi Rao ◽  
Adam Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Capsid Protein ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Multiple Infection ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
Virion Assembly ◽  
Diagnostic Strategies ◽  
The Past ◽  
Infection Processes

In the past two decades Old World and arthritogenic alphavirus have been responsible for epidemics of polyarthritis, causing high morbidity and becoming a major public health concern. The multifunctional arthritogenic alphavirus capsid protein is crucial for viral infection. Capsid protein has roles in genome encapsulation, budding and virion assembly. Its role in multiple infection processes makes capsid protein an attractive target to exploit in combating alphaviral infection. In this review, we summarize the function of arthritogenic alphavirus capsid protein, and describe studies that have used capsid protein to develop novel arthritogenic alphavirus therapeutic and diagnostic strategies.

scholarly journals General hospital services in the UK for adults presenting after self-harm: little evidence of progress in the past 25 years

2020 ◽  
Vol 217 (6) ◽  
pp. 661-662
Author(s):  
Allan House ◽  
David Owens
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Effective Action ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Hospital Services ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
Services Research ◽  
The Past ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Research And Policy

SummarySelf-harm remains a serious public health concern, not least because of its strong link with suicide. Twenty-five years ago we lamented the deficits in UK services, research and policy. Since then, there has not been nearly enough effective action in any of these three domains. It is time for action.

scholarly journals Opioid use and diabetes: An overview

2016 ◽  
Vol 04 (01) ◽  
pp. 006-010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pawan Sharma ◽  
Yatan Balhara
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Endocrine System ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
The Past ◽  
Chronic Effects

AbstractIllicit opioids have emerged as a major public health problem over the past century. It continues to remain so in the current times. From the studies conducted among the animals, it has been clear that there are acute as well as chronic effects of opioids on the endocrine system. Diabetes has been recognized as a major public health concern and is expected to be a major problem in the coming decades. In this article, we shall discuss the effects of opioids in the glucose homeostasis in both the animal population and human population and its relation to diabetes.

scholarly journals Lipotoxicity: a driver of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction?

2021 ◽  
Vol 135 (19) ◽  
pp. 2265-2283
Author(s):  
Jennifer Leggat ◽  
Guillaume Bidault ◽  
Antonio Vidal-Puig
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Ejection Fraction ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Preserved Ejection Fraction ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Rising Incidence

Abstract Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a growing public health concern, with rising incidence alongside high morbidity and mortality. However, the pathophysiology of HFpEF is not yet fully understood. The association between HFpEF and the metabolic syndrome (MetS) suggests that dysregulated lipid metabolism could drive diastolic dysfunction and subsequent HFpEF. Herein we summarise recent advances regarding the pathogenesis of HFpEF in the context of MetS, with a focus on impaired lipid handling, myocardial lipid accumulation and subsequent lipotoxicity.

scholarly journals The epidemiology and health burden of neurocysticercosis in tertiary hospital of Nepal

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-16
Author(s):  
RB Sah ◽  
L Subedi ◽  
N Pandey ◽  
BP Sah ◽  
S Jha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
Medical College ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Record Section

Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is the most common parasitic infestation of the central nervous system and is one of the major public health problems in developing nations like Nepal. This study was conducted to find out total number of neurocysticercosis cases in BPKIHS from 2005 to 2013 AD and to know the duration for which cases were admitted and improvement seen in them. This is a hospital based retrospective study conducted from 31st March to 13th April 2014 to see the number of NCC in B P Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan of Nepal, a tertiary level referral hospital in the Eastern Nepal. It was study in which secondary data, consistent with the diagnosis of Neurocysticercosis was collected from the Medical Record Section of BPKIHS and reviewed. One hundred fourteen cases of neurocysticercosis were enrolled. The patients were predominantly males (nearly 63.2%) and it was more commonly seen in 2-20 years age group (42%). Most of the cases were from Sunsari District. Most of the patients (63.2%) were admitted in Medicine wards. Almost 90.4% of admitted Neurocysticercosis cases were improved in BPKIHS. The trend of Neurocysticercosis cases did not show any showed any consistent pattern in the past nine years. We conclude that the problem of Neurocysticercosis is common and has become a key public health concern for all. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jcmc.v4i2.10854 Journal of Chitwan Medical College 2014; 4(2): 13-16

scholarly journals Epidemic Alphaviruses: Ecology, Emergence and Outbreaks

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 1167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sasha R. Azar ◽  
Rafael K. Campos ◽  
Nicholas A. Bergren ◽  
Vidyleison N. Camargos ◽  
Shannan L. Rossi
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Significant Morbidity ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
The Past ◽  
Human Use

Over the past century, the emergence/reemergence of arthropod-borne zoonotic agents has been a growing public health concern. In particular, agents from the genus Alphavirus pose a significant risk to both animal and human health. Human alphaviral disease presents with either arthritogenic or encephalitic manifestations and is associated with significant morbidity and/or mortality. Unfortunately, there are presently no vaccines or antiviral measures approved for human use. The present review examines the ecology, epidemiology, disease, past outbreaks, and potential to cause contemporary outbreaks for several alphavirus pathogens.

Adolescent Risk and Protective Factors for the Use of Electronic Cigarettes

2021 ◽  
pp. 263207702098073
Author(s):  
Jason J. Burrow-Sánchez ◽  
Benjamin R. Ratcliff
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Electronic Cigarettes ◽  
Risk And Protective Factors ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
The Past ◽  
Adolescent Risk

The use of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) by adolescents is a serious public health concern. The major aim of the current study is to conduct a comprehensive examination of adolescent e-cigarette use in relation to risk and protective factors for a school-based sample. The present study is based on a secondary data analysis of the 2017 Prevention Needs Assessment (PNA) Survey that is administered every 2 years in the state of Utah to a large sample of students ( n = 54,853) in Grades 6, 8, 10, and 12 from more than 400 schools. The PNA Survey measures substance use, mental health symptoms, and antisocial behavior as well as their associated risk and protective factors. Almost 9% of adolescents in this study reported using e-cigarettes in the past 30 days. Adolescents who reported infrequent (1–5 days) and frequent (6+ days) use of e-cigarettes also indicated lower levels of protection (e.g., perceived harm) and higher levels of risk (e.g., favorable attitudes) compared with students who did not report using e-cigarettes in the past 30 days. The frequency of adolescent e-cigarette use can distinguish between risk and protective factors. Findings suggest that the risk and protective factors relevant for adolescent alcohol, cannabis, and tobacco use extend to the use of the e-cigarettes. Certain risk factors (e.g., favorable attitudes toward substance use) and protective factors (e.g., perceived risk for use of e-cigarettes) hold promise for preventive interventions in addressing this public health concern.

Reframing Fatness: Critiquing ‘Obesity’

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bethan Evans ◽  
Charlotte Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Michel Foucault ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
Policy Language ◽  
Religious Imagery ◽  
Fat Bodies

Over the last twenty years or so, fatness, pathologised as overweight and obesity, has been a core public health concern around which has grown a lucrative international weight loss industry. Referred to as a ‘time bomb’ and ‘the terror within’, analogies of ‘war’ circulate around obesity, framing fatness as enemy.2 Religious imagery and cultural and moral ideologies inform medical, popular and policy language with the ‘sins’ of ‘gluttony’ and ‘sloth’, evoked to frame fat people as immoral at worst and unknowledgeable victims at best, and understandings of fatness intersect with gender, class, age, sexuality, disability and race to make some fat bodies more problematically fat than others. As Evans and Colls argue, drawing on Michel Foucault, a combination of medical and moral knowledges produces the powerful ‘obesity truths’ through which fatness is framed as universally abject and pathological. Dominant and medicalised discourses of fatness (as obesity) leave little room for alternative understandings.

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