scholarly journals Effect of the Compounding Conditions of Polyamide 6, Carbon Fiber, and Al2O3 on the Mechanical and Thermal Properties of the Composite Polymer

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 3047 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young Shin Kim ◽  
Jae Kyung Kim ◽  
Euy Sik Jeon
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Injection Molding ◽  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Melt Flow Index ◽  
Polyamide 6 ◽  
Extrusion Process ◽  
Flow Index ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties

Among the composite manufacturing methods, injection molding has higher time efficiency and improved processability. The production of composites via injection molding requires a pre-process to mix and pelletize the matrix polymer and reinforcement material. Herein, we studied the effect of extrusion process conditions for making pellets on the mechanical and thermal properties provided by injection molding. Polyamide 6 (PA6) was used as the base, and composites were produced by blending carbon fibers and Al2O3 as the filler. To determine the optimum blending ratio, the mechanical properties, thermal conductivity, and melt flow index (MI) were measured at various blending ratios. With this optimum blending ratio, pellets were produced by changing the temperature and RPM conditions, which are major process variables during compounding. Samples were fabricated by applying the same injection conditions, and the mechanical strength, MI values, and thermal properties were measured. The mechanical strength increased slightly as the temperature and RPM increased, and the MI and thermal conductivity also increased. The results of this study can be used as a basis for specifying the conditions of the mixing and compounding process such that the desired mechanical and thermal properties are obtained.

scholarly journals Investigation of Dynamic, Mechanical, and Thermal Properties of Calotropis procera Particle-Reinforced PLA Biocomposites

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
K. Yoganandam ◽  
Vigneshwaran Shanmugam ◽  
A. Vasudevan ◽  
D. Vinodh ◽  
N. Nagaprasad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Heat Dissipation ◽  
Melt Flow Index ◽  
Calotropis Procera ◽  
Flow Index ◽  
Injection Molding Process ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Molding Process ◽  
Weight Percentage ◽  
Dynamic Mechanical

The thermal behavior of the biodegradable Calotropis procera (CP) particle-reinforced polylactic acid (PLA) biocomposites was investigated. The injection molding process was used to make the composites, and the CP particle weight percentage was varied during the process (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%). The melt flow index, heat deflection temperature, Vicat softening point, and the thermal properties of the composites were determined using dynamic mechanical testing. The results were analyzed and compared to the thermal properties of the neat PLA. The results revealed the increase in thermal stability of the PLA due to the addition of CP particles. The CP particles aided in the restriction of polymer mobility, which elevated the glass transition temperature of the composite. Incorporating CP particles in the PLA can increase the PLA/CP composite utilization in heat dissipation applications.

Thermal and mechanical properties of glass fibre reinforced polyphenylene ether/polystyrene/nylon-6 ternary blends

2020 ◽  
pp. 096739112094949
Author(s):  
Prakash Hadimani ◽  
HN Narasimha Murthy ◽  
Rajalakshmi Mudbidre
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Maleic Anhydride ◽  
Injection Moulding ◽  
Melt Flow Index ◽  
Nylon 6 ◽  
Flow Index ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Ternary Blends ◽  
Compression Moulding

This paper deals with fabrication and characterization of unique polyphenylene ether/polystyrene/nylon-6/glass composites. Compounding of ternary blends with glass fibres was performed using twin screw co-rotating extruder. Test specimens were fabricated by compression moulding and injection moulding. Effect of maleic anhydride, fibre type (chopped and long), fibre content (30 wt. % and 40 wt. %) and fabrication method (compression moulding and injection moulding) on mechanical and thermal properties was studied. Maleic anhydride negatively influenced mechanical and thermal properties. Composites with 40 wt. % chopped fibres showed superior mechanical strength and those with 30 wt. % long fibres showed superior thermal properties, tensile and flexural moduli. Injection moulded specimens exhibited superior mechanical and thermal properties. The composites were studied for moisture content, density, melt flow index, glass transition temperature, thermal degradation temperature and mechanical properties. Interfacial strength was examined using scanning electron microscopy.

scholarly journals Transforming Marble Waste into High-Performance, Water-Resistant, and Thermally Insulative Hybrid Polymer Composites for Environmental Sustainability

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1781 ◽  
Author(s):  
Payal Bakshi ◽  
Asokan Pappu ◽  
Ravi Patidar ◽  
Manoj Kumar Gupta ◽  
Vijay Kumar Thakur
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Injection Molding ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Filler Concentration ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Molding Temperature ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Marble Waste

Marble waste is generated by marble processing units in large quantities and dumped onto open land areas. This creates environmental problems by contaminating soil, water, and air with adverse health effects on all the living organisms. In this work, we report on understanding the use of calcium-rich marble waste particulates (MPs) as economic reinforcement in recyclable polypropylene (PP) to prepare sustainable composites via the injection molding method. The process was optimized to make lightweight and high-strength thermally insulated sustainable composites. Physicochemical, mineralogical, and microscopic characterization of the processed marble waste particulates were carried out in detail. Composite samples were subsequently prepared via the injection molding technique with different filler concentrations (0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80%) on weight fraction at temperatures of 160, 180, and 200 °C. Detailed analysis of the mechanical and thermal properties of the fabricated composites was carried out. The composites showed a density varying from 0.96 to 1.27 g/cm3, while the water absorption capacity was very low at 0.006%–0.034%. Marble waste particulates were found to considerably increase the tensile, as well as flexural, strength of the sustainable composites, which varied from 22.06 to 30.65 MPa and 43.27 to 58.11MPa, respectively, for the molding temperature of 160 °C. The impact strength of the sustainable composites was found to surge with the increment in filler concentration, and the maximum impact strength was recorded as 1.66 kJ/m2with 20% particulates reinforcement at a molding temperature of 200 °C. The thermal conductivity of the particulates-reinforced sustainable composites was as low as 0.23 Wm−1K−1 at a 200 °C molding temperature with 20% and 40% filler concentrations, and the maximum thermal conductivity was 0.48 Wm−1K−1 at a 160 °C molding temperature with 80% filler concentration. Our findings have shown a technically feasible option for manufacturing a lightweight composite with better mechanical and thermal properties using marble waste particulates as a potential civil infrastructural material.

Effect of Algerian Halloysite on the Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Starch-Grafted-Polyethylene Nanocomposites

2018 ◽  
Vol 762 ◽  
pp. 192-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walid Fermas ◽  
Remo Merijs Meri ◽  
Mustapha Kaci ◽  
Janis Zicans
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Melt Flow Index ◽  
Halloysite Nanotubes ◽  
Polymer Chains ◽  
Flow Index ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Melt Compounding

This paper deals with the characterization of the physico-mechanical properties of starch-grafted-polyethylene (Starch-g-PE)/unmodified Algerian halloysite nanotubes (HNT) nanocomposites prepared by melt compounding. The nanoclay was incorporated at various filler contents, i.e., 1.5, 3 and 5 wt%. Rheological and tensile properties of the nanocomposites were evaluated by different techniques and the results obtained are compared with those of virgin Starch-g-PE matrix. The study shows a decrease in melt flow index (MFI) values upon increasing the HNT content, which indicates a restriction in the polymer chains mobility due to the confinement effect of HNT. Further, a tensile strength is also improved.

Effect of Metashaleas SCM on Mechanical and Thermal Properties in Concrete Production

2015 ◽  
Vol 763 ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
Dana Koňáková ◽  
Eva Vejmelková
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Thermal Characteristic ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Similar Material ◽  
Natural Origin ◽  
Burnt Clay ◽  
Concrete Production ◽  
Means Of Measurement

This article is focused on SCM questions. Studied material - metashale belongs among artificial pozzolana with natural origin. Shale is clay mineral and by its burning at 700°C similar material as metakaolin arises. Metashale is used as cement replacement up to 60% in concrete production. By means of measurement of basic physical properties, mechanical strength and thermal characteristic the effect of metashale is determined. Concrete containing 20% of metashale shows improvement of studied properties except of thermal conductivity. The 40% of the SCM leads to concrete production with same properties as the reference concrete. And when 60% of the burnt clay is utilized, final values of studied properties shows little deteriorations. However all studied materials shows appropriate properties to be applicable in civil engineering branch as load-bearing concrete.

Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Magnesia Binder Based on Natural and Technogenic Raw Materials

2021 ◽  
Vol 320 ◽  
pp. 181-185
Author(s):  
Elvija Namsone ◽  
Genadijs Sahmenko ◽  
Irina Shvetsova ◽  
Aleksandrs Korjakins
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Experimental Part ◽  
Technogenic Raw Materials ◽  
Caustic Magnesia

Because of low calcination temperature, magnesia binders are attributed as low-CO2 emission materials that can benefit the environment by reducing the energy consumption of building sector. Portland cement in different areas of construction can be replaced by magnesia binder which do not require autoclave treatment for hardening, it has low thermal conductivity and high strength properties. Magnesium-based materials are characterized by decorativeness and ecological compatibility.The experimental part of this research is based on the preparation of magnesia binders by adding raw materials and calcinated products and caustic magnesia. The aim of this study was to obtain low-CO2 emission and eco-friendly material using local dolomite waste materials, comparing physical, mechanical, thermal properties of magnesium binders.

Characterization of microwave-treated oil palm empty fruit bunch/glass fibre/polypropylene composites

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (7) ◽  
pp. 986-1002 ◽  
Author(s):  
MR Islam ◽  
A Gupta ◽  
M Rivai ◽  
MDH Beg
Keyword(s):  
Glass Fibre ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Melt Flow Index ◽  
Flow Index ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunch ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Fixed Temperature ◽  
Polypropylene Composites ◽  
Degradation Temperature

Composites were prepared from recycled polypropylene (RPP), oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) and/or glass fibre (GF) using extrusion and injection moulding techniques. Two types of maleic anhydride-grafted polypropylene such as Polybond 3200 and Fusabond P 613 were used to improve the interfacial adhesion between fibres and matrix. The EFB: GF ratio was fixed as 70:30 and fibre loading was considered as 40 wt%. Microwave was used to treat the EFB fibre, which was soaked in a fixed mass concentration (12.5%) of alkali solution at different temperatures (70, 80 and 90°C) for a fixed period of time (60 min) and for different times (60, 90 and 120 min) at a fixed temperature (90°C). A magnetron controller was developed to control the time and temperature accurately for the treatment of fibre. Various characterization techniques such as density, melt flow index, tensile, Izod impact, flexural, field-emission scanning electron microscopy and water uptake testing were performed for the composites. Besides, thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry were also used to evaluate the thermal and crystalline properties of the composites, respectively. Result analyses revealed that microwave-treated fibre-based composites showed improved mechanical and thermal properties. EFB fibres treated at 90°C for 90 min were found to be suitable for better reinforcement into the composite in terms of mechanical, thermal and crystalline properties. Moreover, onset degradation temperature and water absorption properties were also found to be changed apparently due to treatment.

scholarly journals Bio-based rigid polyurethane foam prepared from apricot stone shell-based polyol for thermal insulation application – Part 2: Morphological, mechanical, and thermal properties

BioResources ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 6080-6094
Author(s):  
Muhammed Said Fidan ◽  
Murat Ertaş
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Thermogravimetric Analysis ◽  
Polyurethane Foam ◽  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Compressive Modulus ◽  
Cell Diameter ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Rigid Polyurethane Foam

The procedure for the liquefaction of apricot stone shells was reported in Part 1. Part 2 of this work determines the morphological, mechanical, and thermal properties of the bio-based rigid polyurethane foam composites (RPUFc). In this study, the thermal conductivity, compressive strength, compressive modulus, thermogravimetric analysis, flammability tests (horizontal burning and limited oxygen index (LOI)) in the flame retardants), and scanning electron microscope (SEM) (cell diameter in the SEM) tests of the RPUFc were performed and compared with control samples. The results showed the thermal conductivity (0.0342 to 0.0362 mW/mK), compressive strength (10.5 to 14.9 kPa), compressive modulus (179.9 to 180.3 kPa), decomposition and residue in the thermogravimetric analysis (230 to 491 °C, 15.31 to 21.61%), UL-94 and LOI in the flame retardants (539.5 to 591.1 mm/min, 17.8 to 18.5%), and cell diameter in the SEM (50.6 to 347.5 μm) of RPUFc attained from liquefied biomass. The results were similar to those of foams obtained from industrial RPUFs, and demonstrated that bio-based RPUFc obtained from liquefied apricot stone shells could be used as a reinforcement filler in the preparation of RPUFs, specifically in construction and insulation materials. Moreover, liquefied apricot stone shell products have potential to be fabricated into rigid polyurethane foam composites.

Effects of molding on property of thermally conductive and electrically insulating polyamide 6–based composite

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (9) ◽  
pp. 1190-1203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuping Yang ◽  
Wenbin Yang ◽  
Jinghui Fan ◽  
Juying Wu ◽  
Kai Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Injection Molding ◽  
Annealing Time ◽  
Polyamide 6 ◽  
Molding Pressure ◽  
Hot Press ◽  
Molding Method ◽  
Thermally Conductive ◽  
Press Molding

Thermally conductive and electrically insulating polyamide 6 (PA6) matrix quaternary composites were prepared by hot press molding and injection molding, respectively. The quaternary composites were composed of zero-dimensional aluminum oxide particle, one-dimensional silicon carbide whisker, two-dimensional flake graphite, and PA6 resin matrix. Morphology, structure, density, thermal conductivity, volume electrical resistivity, and tensile strength of two types of composites were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffractometer, thermal conductivity tester, high resistance micro-current tester, and tensile tester. The results showed that crystallinity, thermal conductivity, density, and tensile strength of hot press molding samples were superior to those of samples made by injection molding method. This is due to that hot press molding method can provide higher molding pressure and longer annealing time than injection molding. The mechanism could be explained that the performances of the composites were promoted by increasing molding pressure and annealing time.

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