scholarly journals External Corrosion Behavior of Steel/GFRP Composite Pipes in Harsh Conditions

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (21) ◽  
pp. 6501
Author(s):  
Fatima Ghassan Alabtah ◽  
Elsadig Mahdi ◽  
Marwan Khraisheh
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Corrosion Behavior ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Design Concepts ◽  
Protective Layers ◽  
Glass Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Gfrp Composite ◽  
External Corrosion ◽  
One Year ◽  
Composite Pipes

In this study, we report on the corrosion behavior of hybrid steel/glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) composite pipes under harsh corrosive conditions for prolonged durations. Specimens were immersed in highly concentrated solutions of hydrochloric acid, sodium chloride, and sulfuric acid for durations up to one year. Detailed qualitative analysis using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) is presented. It is shown that the hybrid pipes have excellent corrosion resistance with a corrosion rate of less than 1% of the corrosion rate for conventional steel pipes. That low corrosion rate can be attributed to the formation of pores in the GFRP layer due to increased absorption and saturation moisture in the material with increased soaking time. This can be reduced or even prevented through a more controlled process for fabricating the protective layers. These promising results call for more utilization of GFRP protective layers in novel design concepts to control corrosion.

Corrosion of copper exposed to Zhanjiang and Zhuhai atmospheric environments

2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 286-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Su ◽  
Wangyan Lv ◽  
Zhengchun Liu ◽  
Zengguang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Behavior ◽  
Material Selection ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Exposure Period ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Content Type ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Exposure Site ◽  
One Year

Purpose The aim of this paper was to study the initial corrosion behavior of copper in the substations of Zhanjiang and Zhuhai. Design/methodology/approach The copper exposed at the substation of Guangdong coastal region in southern China for up to 12 months. The rust layer formed on the copper has been examined by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray energy spectrum, X-ray diffraction and electrochemical polarization techniques. Findings The corrosion weight loss of copper at Zhanjiang exposure site is a little more serious than that at Zhuhai exposure site in every exposure period. The corrosion products of copper have different changes in color and composition at the two exposure sites. The tensile strength of copper has a slight decrease after one-year exposure. Originality/value The atmospheric exposure experiments of copper in the substations of Zhanjiang and Zhuhai have been adopted for the first time. The corrosion behavior of copper was investigated, and it can provide reference for material selection of the substation.

scholarly journals Effect of Si Content on the Corrosion Behavior of 420 MPa Weathering Steel

Metals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sun ◽  
Yu ◽  
Zhang ◽  
Yan ◽  
Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Corrosion Behavior ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Silicon Oxide ◽  
Corrosion Products ◽  
Weathering Steel ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Amorphous Compounds ◽  
Si Content

: The effect of Si content (0.12%, 0.34%, and 0.48%) on the corrosion behavior of weathering steel in a simulated marine environment was investigated in a dry/wet alternating cycle corrosion experiment. Corrosion weight gain, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and electrochemical methods were used to measure the regularity and nature of the rust. The results show that the corrosion process could be divided into an initial stage where the corrosion rate increased and a later stage where the corrosion rate decreased before remaining stable. The corrosion rate was the lowest for a Si content in the weathering steel of 0.48%. The corrosion products of all three steel groups contains α-FeOOH, β-FeOOH, γ-FeOOH, Fe3O4, and large amounts of amorphous compounds. Furthermore, Si benefits the transformation of β-FeOOH and γ-FeOOH to stable phases. The addition of the Si alloying element is beneficial to the formation of dense and compact rust layers that enhance the electrochemical resistance of weathering steel and silicon oxide influences the self-corrosion potential of the corrosion products.

scholarly journals Corrosion Behavior of Nanocomposite Al-9 wt% Si Alloy Reinforced with Carbon Nanotubes

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa K. Ismeal ◽  
Kharia S. Hassan ◽  
Hussian A. Hussian
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Corrosion Behavior ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Nanocomposite Coating ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Silicon Alloys ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Weight Percentage ◽  
Set Up

An effort is made to study the effect of composite nanocoating using aluminum-9%wt silicon alloys reinforced with different percentage (0.5,1,2,4)wt.% of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) using  plasma spraying. The effect of this composite on corrosion behavior for AA6061-T6 by extrapolation Tafel test in sea water 3.5wt% NaCl was invested. Many specimens where prepared from AA6061-T6 by the dimension (15x15x3)mm as this first set up and other steps include coating process, X-ray diffraction and SEM examination .The results show the CNTs increase the corrosion rate of the nanocomposite coatings with increasing the weight percentage of CNTs within the Al-Si matrix. Al-9wt%Si coating layer itself has less corrosion rate if compared with both nanocomposite coating and the substrate of AA6061-T6.

Effect of Li on the Corrosion Behavior of Al-Cu/SiCp Composites

2009 ◽  
Vol 68 ◽  
pp. 133-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesús Lugo-Quintal ◽  
Luis Díaz-Ballote ◽  
Lucien Veleva ◽  
Antonio Contreras-Cuevas
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Corrosion Behavior ◽  
Corrosion Potential ◽  
Pure Aluminum ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Aluminum Corrosion ◽  
Scanning Electron

The corrosion behavior in NaCl solutions at different pH values of Al-Cu-Li/SiCp and Al-Cu/SiCp composites fabricated by co-spraying technique was studied. The corrosion behavior of the composites was also compared with the corrosion behavior of pure aluminum. Corrosion potential measurements and potentiodynamic polarization were used to elucidate the corrosion behavior of the composites. In addition the microstructure and morphology of the composites were studied through X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). It was found that the corrosion rate of Al-Cu-Li/SiCp and Al-Cu/SiCp composites was higher than corrosion rate of pure aluminum for all NaCl solutions tested. Both composites and pure aluminum showed the typical “U” behavior of the corrosion rate as a function of pH. The addition of lithium had little effect on the corrosion behavior of the composites.

Microstructural and Corrosion Behavior of Biodegradable Magnesium Alloys for Biomedical Implant

2015 ◽  
Vol 819 ◽  
pp. 331-336
Author(s):  
H.Y. Tok ◽  
Esah Hamzah ◽  
Hamid Reza Bakhsheshi-Rad
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Corrosion Behavior ◽  
Microstructural Analysis ◽  
Corrosion Current ◽  
Immersion Test ◽  
Ternary Alloys ◽  
Corrosion Properties ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Electrochemical Tests ◽  
Production Of Hydrogen

Magnesium and its alloys have great potential as biodegradable metallic implant materials with good mechanical properties. However, the poor corrosion rate and the production of hydrogen during degradation hindered its application. Binary alloy, Mg-3Ca and ternary alloy, Mg-3Ca-3Zn alloy were studied to investigate their bio-corrosion properties. Microstructure evolution and surfaces of corroded alloys were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The bio-corrosion behavior of the Mg alloys was investigated using immersion and electrochemical tests in Kokubo solution. Microstructural analysis showed that binary Mg-3Ca alloy consisted of α-Mg and Mg2Ca phases and ternary Mg-3Ca-3Zn alloy consisted of α-Mg, Ca2Mg6Zn3 and Mg2Ca phases. These phases had significant effect on the corrosion resistant of the alloy. Electrochemical test showed an improvement in ternary alloys where the corrosion current density reduced from 0.497 mA/cm2 in Mg-3Ca to 0.312 mA/cm2 in Mg-3Ca-3Zn alloy. Ternary Mg-3Ca-3Zn showed significant lower corrosion rate (1.1 mg/cm2/day) compared to binary Mg-3Ca (5.8 mg/cm2/day) alloy after 14 days immersion test.

Corrosion Behavior of 13Cr Steel in Different Temperature

2014 ◽  
Vol 937 ◽  
pp. 168-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi Chao Qiu ◽  
Xiang Liu ◽  
Na Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Corrosion Behavior ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope Analysis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Micro Scale ◽  
Electron Microscope Analysis ◽  
Scanning Electron

Corrosion experiments were applied for 13Cr steel. Through the experiments, the corrosion rate of 13Cr steel in different temperature was tested. The corrosion rate of 13Cr steel was increased with the increase of temperature. Moreover X-ray diffraction analysis and scanning electron microscope analysis were applied to understand the corrosion behavior of 13Cr in micro-scale.

Sem Studies of Co-Cr-Mo Surgical Implant Alloy Corrosion Behavior

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 520-521
Author(s):  
Ann Chidester Van Orden ◽  
John L. Chidester ◽  
Anna C. Fraker ◽  
Pei Sung
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Corrosion Behavior ◽  
Anodic Polarization ◽  
Saline Solution ◽  
Saturated Calomel Electrode ◽  
Physiological Saline ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Physiological Saline Solution ◽  
Scanning Electron

The influence of small variations in the composition on the corrosion behavior of Co-Cr-Mo alloys has been studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive x-ray analysis (EDX), and electrochemical measurements. SEM and EDX data were correlated with data from in vitro corrosion measurements involving repassivation and also potentiostatic anodic polarization measurements. Specimens studied included the four alloys shown in Table 1. Corrosion tests were conducted in Hanks' physiological saline solution which has a pH of 7.4 and was held at a temperature of 37°C. Specimens were mechanically polished to a surface finish with 0.05 µm A1203, then exposed to the solution and anodically polarized at a rate of 0.006 v/min. All voltages were measured vs. the saturated calomel electrode (s.c.e.).. Specimens had breakdown potentials near 0.47V vs. s.c.e.

Effect of Zn Content on Structure, Roughness and Corrosion Behavior of Zn-Ni Alloys

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (17) ◽  
pp. 17-22
Author(s):  
Hayette Faid
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Behavior ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Stripping Voltammetry ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ni Alloys ◽  
Sulfate Bath ◽  
Zn Content ◽  
Polarization Test ◽  
Δ Phase

AbstractIn this work, Zn-Ni alloys have been deposited on steel from sulfate bath, by electrodeposition method. The effect of Zn content on deposits properties was studied by cyclic voltammetry (CV), chronoaperometry (CA), linear stripping voltammetry (ALSV) and diffraction (XRD) and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM). The corrosion behavior in 3.5 wt. NaCl solution was examined using anodic polarization test and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. X-ray diffraction of show that Zn-Ni alloys structure is composed of δ phase and γ phase, which increase with the decrease of Zn content in deposits. Results show that deposits obtained from bath less Zn2+ concentration exhibited better corrosion resistance.

Low velocity impact response and damages of GFRP composite tubes under room and cryogenic temperatures

2021 ◽  
pp. 002199832110293
Author(s):  
Memduh Kara ◽  
Mustafa Arat ◽  
Mesut Uyaner
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Filament Winding ◽  
Low Velocity Impact ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Composite Tubes ◽  
Velocity Impact ◽  
Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastic ◽  
Glass Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Gfrp Composite ◽  
Force Time

In this paper, we have investigated the damages of glass fiber reinforced plastic (GFRP) composite tubes under the effect of low-velocity impact (LVI) at cryogenic environment conditions and room temperature. A GFRP composite tube consists of 6 layered E-glass/epoxy samples with a ± 55° winding angle, which produced by the filament winding method. Composite tubes either at room temperature or conditioned by liquid nitrogen at different temperature values (273 K, 223 K, 173 K, and 77 K) were impacted at 5, 7.5, and 10 J. Also, force-time and force-displacement graphs were plotted. The damaged regions of the samples were scrutinized. The damage areas of the GFRP composite tubes were smaller as the temperature decreased. However, the energy absorbed at low-temperature conditions was slightly higher than that absorbed in room temperature. Besides, no micro-cracks developed in the composite tubes after cryogenic conditioning.

Corrosion Behavior of X70 Pipeline Steel and Corrosion Rate Prediction Under the Combination of Corrosive Medium and Applied Pressure

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaikai Li ◽  
Wei Wu ◽  
Guangxu Cheng ◽  
Yun Li ◽  
Haijun Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Tensile Stress ◽  
Partial Pressure ◽  
Corrosion Behavior ◽  
Pipeline Steel ◽  
Applied Pressure ◽  
Chloride Concentration ◽  
X70 Pipeline Steel ◽  
Co2 Partial Pressure

Natural gas transmission pipeline is prone to internal corrosion due to the combination of corrosive impurities in the pipe (such as CO2, H2S and chlorides) and applied pressure of the pipeline, which seriously affects the safe operation of the pipeline. In this work, the corrosion behavior of a typical X70 pipeline steel was investigated by using potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impendence spectroscopy (EIS). The polarization and EIS data under different CO2 partial pressures (0–1 atm), H2S concentrations (0–150 ppm), chloride concentrations (0–3.5 wt%) and tensile stress (0–400 MPa) were obtained. The results show that corrosion rate increases with the increase of CO2 partial pressure and chloride concentration, respectively, while first increases and then decreases with the increase H2S concentrations. The corrosion rate is less affected by elastic tensile stress. In addition, a quantitative prediction model for corrosion rate of natural gas pipeline based on adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) was established by fitting the experimental data which maps the relationship between the key influencing factors (i.e. CO2 partial pressure, H2S concentration, chloride concentration and tensile stress) and the corrosion rate. The prediction results show that the relative percentage errors of the predicted and experimental values are relatively small. The prediction accuracy of the model satisfies the engineering application requirement.

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