scholarly journals Synthesis and Characterization of Ti-Sn Alloy for Orthopedic Application

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (24) ◽  
pp. 7660
Author(s):  
Ambreen Azmat ◽  
Muhammad Tufail ◽  
Ali Dad Chandio

Titanium (Ti)-based alloys (e.g., Ti6Al4V) are widely used in orthopedic implant applications owing to their excellent mechanical properties and biocompatibility. However, their corrosion resistance needs to be optimized. In addition, the presence of aluminum and vanadium cause alzheimer and cancer, respectively. Therefore, in this study, titanium-based alloys were developed via powder metallurgy route. In these alloys, the Al and V were replaced with tin (Sn) which was the main aim of this study. Four sets of samples were prepared by varying Sn contents, i.e., 5 to 20 wt. %. This was followed by characterization techniques including laser particle analyzer (LPA), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), computerized potentiostate, vicker hardness tester, and nanoindenter. Results demonstrate the powder sizes between 50 and 55 µm exhibiting very good densification after sintering. The alloy contained alpha at all concentrations of Sn. However, as Sn content in the alloy exceeded from 10 wt. %, the formation of intermetallic compounds was significant. Thus, the presence of such intermetallic phases are attributed to enhanced elastic modulus. In particular, when Sn content was between 15 and 20 wt. % a drastic increase in elastic modulus was observed thereby surpassing the standard/reference alloy (Ti6Al4V). However, at 10 wt. % of Sn, the elastic modulus is more or less comparable to reference counterpart. Similarly, hardness was also increased in an ascending order upon Sn addition, i.e., 250 to 310 HV. Specifically, at 10 wt. % Sn, the hardness was observed to be 250 HV which is quite near to reference alloy, i.e., 210 HV. Moreover, tensile strength (TS) of the alloys were calculated using hardness values since it was very difficult to prepare the test coupons using powders. The TS values were in the range of 975 to 1524 MPa at all concentrations of Sn. In particular, the TS at 10 wt. % Sn is 1149 MPa which is comparable to reference counterpart (1168 MPa). The corrosion rate of Titanium-Sn alloys (as of this study) and reference alloy, i.e., Ti6Al4V were also compared. Incorporation of Sn reduced the corrosion rate at large than that of reference counterpart. In particular, the trend was in decreasing order as Sn content increased from 5 to 20 wt. %. The minimum corrosion rate of 3.65 × 10−9 mm/year was noticed at 20 wt. % than that of 0.03 mm/year of reference alloy. This shows the excellent corrosion resistance upon addition of Sn at all concentrations.

2011 ◽  
Vol 688 ◽  
pp. 217-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Jun Hao ◽  
Yan An Bai ◽  
Chong Rui Wang ◽  
Xin Yuan Liu

Ni-TiO2 nanocomposite coatings have been successfully fabricated via a route electrodeposition from nickel Watts bath containing nano-TiO2 particles, and characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS)and electrochemical techniques. The influence of preparation parameters on the properties of the coatings were investigated. The obtained results indicated that nano-TiO2 particles were distributed uniformly in the Ni matrix. It was found that the Ni-TiO2 nanocomposite coatings exhibited more excellent corrosion resistance and microhardness in comparison with pure nickel coating.


Author(s):  
Tarun Goyal ◽  
T. S. Sidhu ◽  
R. S. Walia

This study reveals the successful low pressure cold spray deposition of near-uniform, defect free and dense copper coatings approximately 700-1900 µm thick, on Al alloy for electro-technical applications. The micro structural characteristics of the deposits have been studied using the combined techniques of X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and electron-probe micro analysis (EPMA). The coatings exhibited characteristic splat-like, layered morphologies due to the deposition of solid powder particles which appeared to have been plastically deformed on impact to the substrate. The developed coatings have a dense (in the range of 3090-5015 kg/m3)and nearly uniform microstructure, with almost uniform hardness values in the range of 120 -140 Hv, and electrical conductivity in the range of 23-30 MS/m. EDAX, XRD and EPMA results revealed that the main constituent in the coating is Cu.


Coatings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 815 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Mbugua Nyambura ◽  
Min Kang ◽  
Jiping Zhu ◽  
Yuntong Liu ◽  
Yin Zhang ◽  
...  

Ni–W/Cr2O3 nanocomposite coatings were synthesized from aqueous sulphate-citrate electrolyte containing Cr2O3 nanoparticles on a steel surface using conventional electrodeposition technique. This study was aimed at investigating the influence of Cr2O3 nanoparticle content on the microstructure, corrosion resistance, and mechanical properties of electrodeposited Ni–W/Cr2O3 nanocomposite coatings. Ni–W binary alloy coatings were deposited and optimized before addition of the nanoparticles to produce high-quality coatings. The microstructure and chemical composition of the Ni–W/Cr2O3 nanocomposite coatings were evaluated using scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS), and XRD. Corrosion resistance properties were evaluated using potentiodynamic polarization (Tafel) measurements in 3.5 wt.% NaCl medium. The corrosion resistance and microhardness are significantly higher in Ni–W/Cr2O3 nanocomposite coatings compared to pure Ni–W binary alloy and increase with the increase in content of Cr2O3 nanoparticles in the coatings. Wear resistance is also higher in Ni–W/Cr2O3 nanocomposite coatings.


2020 ◽  
Vol 988 ◽  
pp. 175-181
Author(s):  
Galih Senopati ◽  
Cahya Sutowo ◽  
Fendy Rokhmanto ◽  
Ika Kartika ◽  
Bambang Suharno

Ti-6Al-4V alloy have been used widely for biomedical application, but its elastic modulus is still higher compared with human bone. Moreover, it contains V and Al that have been reported as toxic element. In this study new beta type Ti-6Mo-6Nb-xSn (0, 4, 8 wt.%) have been developed. The aim of this study was to evaluate the Sn addition on microstructural transformation, mechanical behaviour, and corrosion resistance of Ti-6Mo-6Nb-xSn alloys. The Ti-6Mo-6Nb-xSn alloys produced by arc re-melting process and the obtain ingot were characterized using optical microscope, x-ray diffractometer, ultrasonic evaluation, Vicker’s hardness tester, and polarization test to evaluate the corrosion resistance. The result showed that Ti-6Mo-6Nb-8Sn has the lowest elastic modulus and Vicker’s hardness value. The Sn addition could suppress α phase formation. Ti-6Mo-6Nb-8Sn has lower corrosion rate compared to commercial Ti6Al4V.


2013 ◽  
Vol 804 ◽  
pp. 79-84
Author(s):  
Fei Lu ◽  
Zhao Qian Xie ◽  
Yu Feng Lu ◽  
Miao Lou ◽  
Meng Zhou ◽  
...  

In order to improve the organization, reduce the porosity, compact the structure and enhance the corrosion resistance of the coating, Zn-Al-Mg-RE coating system was prepared by high velocity arc spraying. The surface appears, phase composition and electrochemical properties of the coating were characterized by scanning electron microscope, X-ray radiation diffaction and electrochemical workstation. The results indicated that the coatings were compact. The coatings were mainly zinc and aluminum phase. In corrosion of immersion, the reaction resistance and coating resistance of coatings quickly become bigger, the surface of coatings become more compact, and the corrosion reaction is more difficult. Electrochemical tests showed that the coating had excellent corrosion resistance. The electrochemical protection and self-sealing effect of coatings can have long-term effects on anticorrosion.


2014 ◽  
Vol 1053 ◽  
pp. 421-428
Author(s):  
Ting Yi Chen ◽  
Ye Qi Fu ◽  
Wen Lu ◽  
Wen Fang Li

A new passivation process has been developed for producing a chrome-free and coloured conversion coating on aluminium alloy AA6063 with K2ZrF6. The conversion coating obtained has a dark film, which enables visual assessment of the coating development and coating quality during processing. The colouring effect is a significant advantage over the zirconium based conversion coatings currently used in the industry, which are largely colourless. The new treatment process is simple and allows a uniform coating to be formed within a few minutes. The composition and the surface morphology of the coatings were characterized. The corrosion resistance of the coated samples was evaluated by electrochemical tests. Through electrochemical analysis, corrosion current of the coatings is low, it has excellent corrosion resistance; SEM, EDS and XRD are used to analyze the process coating.


2006 ◽  
Vol 321-323 ◽  
pp. 1461-1464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyoung Kuk Park ◽  
Jea Hwa Hong ◽  
Chong Soo Lee

Galvannealed steels are produced by reheating of Zinc-coated steels, in which the iron and the zinc are interdiffused to form Zn-Fe intermatallic compound. In recent years, application of galvannealed steel has increased due to its excellent corrosion resistance, good weldability and paintability. Galvannealed production requires strict control of processing conditions to obtain an optimal alloying degree in the coatings. The analysis of the alloying degree is very important since they are closely related to the corrosion and mechanical properties. This study is measurement of alloying degree of the galvannealed steel by using the XRD. Partial least squares (PLS) model is a powerful multivariate tool that has been successfully applied to the quantitative analysis of data in XRD. The alloying degree was determined by using PLS regression to a concentration accuracy of 0.2%. The XRD analysis and proposed PLS model can be successfully used to determine the alloying degree of industrially produced galvannealed steel.


2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (15) ◽  
pp. 8301
Author(s):  
Iryna Kozina ◽  
Halina Krawiec ◽  
Maria Starowicz ◽  
Magdalena Kawalec

Chitosan coatings are deposited on the surface of Mg20Zn magnesium alloy by means of the spin coating technique. Their structure was investigated using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) an X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The surface morphology of the magnesium alloy substrate and chitosan coatings was determined using Scanning Electron Microscope (FE-SEM) analysis. Corrosion tests (linear sweep voltamperometry and chronoamperometry) were performed on uncoated and coated magnesium alloy in the Hank’s solution. In both cases, the hydrogen evolution method was used to calculate the corrosion rate after 7-days immersion in the Hank’s solution at 37 °C. It was found that the corrosion rate is 3.2 mm/year and 1.2 mm/year for uncoated and coated substrates, respectively. High corrosion resistance of Mg20Zn alloy covered by multilayer coating (CaP coating + chitosan water glass) is caused by formation of CaSiO3 and Ca3(PO4)2 compounds on its surface.


2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 130
Author(s):  
Wenchen Mei ◽  
Jiqiang Wu ◽  
Mingyang Dai ◽  
Kunxia Wei ◽  
Jing Hu

<p class="AMSmaintext1">Salt bath preoxidation was primarily conducted prior to salt bath nitriding, and the effect on salt bath nitriding was compared with that of conventional air preoxidation. Characterization of the modified surface layer was made by means of optical microscopy, scanning electron microscope (SEM), micro-hardness tester and x-ray diffraction (XRD). The results showed that the salt bath preoxidation could significantly enhance the nitriding efficiency. The thickness of compound layer was increased from 13.3μm to 20.8μm by salt bath preoxidation, more than 60% higher than that by conventional air preoxidation under the same salt bath nitriding parameters of 560℃ and 120min. Meanwhile, higher cross-section hardness and thicker effective hardening layer were obtained by salt bath preoxidation, and the enhancement mechanism of salt bath preoxidation was discussed.</p>


2009 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 096369350901800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yahya Bozkurt ◽  
Recep Artir ◽  
Hüseyin Uzun ◽  
Serdar Salman

The present study is focused on the evaluation of the aging behaviour and microstructure characterization of AA2124/SiC/25p composite under the aging temperatures of 180, 185 and 190 °C for various dwelling time ranging from 0 up to 100 hours. The microstructure was characterized by means of scanning electron microscopy. The hardness, energy dispersive spectroscopy analysis and X-ray diffraction measurements were also performed to evaluate the characteristics of aged AA2124/SiC/25p composite. The results show that the hardness values of as-received composite were considerably improved up to two third by the subsequent aging. The hardness increasing was attributed to the presence of CuAl2, Al4SiC4 and precipitation phases in aged AA2124/SiC/25p composite.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document